This study analyzes the concentrations and health risks of fluoride in 249 drinking water samples collected from different regions of Anhui Province in China Results indicated that fluoride content in drinking water ranged from 012 to 194 mg L−1 (mean = 057 mg L−1) in the following order: Huaibei plain region > Jianghuai hill region ≈ Dabieshan mountainous region > plain along the Yangtze River region > southern Anhui mountainous region The fluoride contents were less than 050 mg L−1 in 6666 % of the drinking water samples, 051–10 mg L−1 in 2329 %, and higher than 10 mg L−1 in 1204 % The fluoride levels in some samples were lower than the recommended values for controlling dental caries (050–10 mg L−1) The total fluoride intake from drinking water was between 014 and 233 mg per day in different regions of the province, supposing an individual consumes 12 L of water per day Therefore, measures should be taken to increase fluoride intake in the Jianghuai hill region, Dabieshan mountainous region, plain along the Yangtze River, and southern Anhui mountainous region to control dental caries On the other hand, the fluoride levels must be reduced in the Huaibei plain region to decrease endemic fluorosis The results serve as crucial guidelines for managing fluoride safety in drinking water and controlling endemic fluorosis in different regions of Anhui Province

Health risk assessment of fluoride in drinking water from Anhui Province in China

The more acute and severe cases of sleeping sickness are ascribed to T. b. rhodesiense infection and found in areas where only species of tsetse feeding on woodland game occur, while the mild or chronic form is ascribed to T. b. gambiense, distribution of which coincides with that of riverine tsetse. But the consistent difference between these trypanosomes appears to be one of virulence only, representing extremes of range of behaviour of a single species, but there is a constant association of the more virulent strains with transmission by Morsitans group flies, and the less virulent by the Palpalis group. Ashcroft (1959) explained this by the fact that where flies of the Morsitans group only are found the usual hosts are game animals in which milder strains of the human trypanosome are destroyed, so that by a process of natural selection only the more virulent survive. Thus when man is involved by chance in the game-morsitans transmission cycle he acquires the relatively acute form.

The Trypanosomiases I

Objective To investigate the quality of water source in Guangzhou and provide scientific basis for controlling water pollution. Method From 2005 to 2007, samples of water source were collected in every quarter at water treatment plant and analyzed. Result We had collected 94 samples in three years, and tested for 32 general index and ammonia-nitrogen content. The chroma, turbiduty, aluminium, iron, manganese, COD, ammonia-nitrogen, fluoride, aerobic bacterial count, coliform bacteria, fecal coliform indexes were exceed the national standard, with the passing rate of only 3.13.%～93.95%. Conclusion We found that the main pollutant of the water source was organic pollutants. Strengthen the control of water pollution, choosing new water source were the best way to improve the quality of the water supply.

Investigation on the Quality of Water Source in Guangzhou from 2005 to 2007

Objective To investigate the cause of a case of toxicity due to the pollution of water strainer by nitrite.Methods Epidemiological techniques were used to examine the environmental sanitation and water quality.Results The manufacturer involved in this accident was found to use a large amount of nitrite and water.There was a well designated for the industrial use,and the concentration of nitrite in the supplied water was found to exceed the safety limit.The well was also found to have water pipes connecting to the municipal water supplying network.19 people were found to have nitrite intoxication,and the accident was due to the pollution of drinking tap water by the high nitrite well water.Conclusion The factory violated the required guidelines by connecting the well water supply with the municipal water supplying network without permission.The factory also failed to regulate check the drinking water quality.

An investigation on a case of acute toxicity caused by the pollution of water strainer by nitrite.

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Investigation on the Quality of Water Source in Guangzhou from 2005 to 2007

An investigation on a case of acute toxicity caused by the pollution of water strainer by nitrite.