It has been proved that error compensation is an effective approach to improve machining accuracy of a machine tool cost efficiently. In this paper, the framework of an error compensation software system, which can realize software error compensation via numerical control (NC) programs reconstructing, is investigated. And the algorithms relating to error prediction are discussed in detail, such as positioning movement error compensation, linear interpolation movement, and circular interpolation movement error compensation. To realize the error compensation, NC program is reconstructed according to the predicted errors during virtual machining before it is fed to the actual machining. Two controlled machining experiments were carried out. The results show that error compensation methods via reconstructing NC programs can improve the movement accuracy of a computer numerical control CNC machine tool obviously.

Geometric error compensation software system for CNC machine tools based on NC program reconstructing

Automata network predator-prey model with pursuit and evasion

We present Turing pattern selection in a reaction-diffusion epidemic model under zero-flux boundary conditions The value of this study is twofold First, it establishes the amplitude equations for the excited modes, which determines the stability of amplitudes towards uniform and inhomogeneous perturbations Second, it illustrates all five categories of Turing patterns close to the onset of Turing bifurcation via numerical simulations which indicates that the model dynamics exhibits complex pattern replication: on increasing the control parameter ν, the sequence "H0 hexagons → H0-hexagon-stripe mixtures → stripes → Hπ-hexagon-stripe mixtures → Hπ hexagons" is observed This may enrich the pattern dynamics in a diffusive epidemic model

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1674-1056/20/7/074702/pdf

Turing pattern selection in a reaction-diffusion epidemic model

Surra is a disease caused by the pathogenic trypanosome, Trypanosoma evansi, and is distributed throughout Africa, Asia and South America The study outlined in this thesis was conducted to determine the epidemiology of trypanosomosis in camels, its economic impact on camels raised under a traditional pastoral production system and potential vectors that could transmit the disease between camels in Somaliland Prior to this study there was limited information on the distribution and impact of surra in camels in Somaliland, although field reports indicated significant losses of production and consequently impact on the livelihood of pastoralists

In this study 2,575 camels were sampled from 144 herds and tested with the CATT/T evansi The animal level test seroprevalence observed was 264% (95% CI 248, 282) (real prevalence after adjusting for test sensitivity and specificity was 382%; 95% CI: 360, 400) The seroprevalence varied significantly between regions (p < 005) with a higher level (372%) in Sahil than in Awdal (193%) or Waqoyi Galbed (174%)

A susceptible-infectious-subclinical (SIC) model was constructed in order to determine criteria for successful disease control by mass and targeted chemotherapy This was used to simulate and estimate the economic benefits of four different control options against surra in camels Adopting biannual treatment of all camels, monthly targeted treatment of clinically sick camels or biannual targeted treatment of seropositive camels was estimated to result in a benefit of US$141,431, 170,577 and 114,625 per village (80 camels) for a five year period in the study area, respectively

The prevalence after five years of control was predicted to be 74, 64 and 67% for the biannual treatment of all camels, monthly targeted treatment of clinically sick camels or biannual targeted treatment of seropositive camels, respectively compared with 722% if no treatments were applied The annual revenue lost in the studied camel herds was estimated at US$404,630 (20159 camels studied) if no treatment was administered The greatest loss was associated with decreased milk yield (US$314,630)

As part of this research Nzi and biconical traps were set to trap tabanids responsible for transmitting trypanosomosis Three genera of tabanids were trapped (Philoliche, Tabanus and Haematopota) and these flies were recognised as potential vectors of trypanosomosis in camels Philoliche species were the most widely distributed and abundant biting flies in the area The activity of the biting flies differed throughout the day, with the highest activity observed in the middle of the day and the lowest in the afternoon There was a significant difference between the alighting sites of biting flies on camels, with the lower body and belly of camels being the preferred sites compared to the upper body (head, neck and hump) In this study on average 087 ± 034 flies of the Philoliche genus alighted on the lower body and belly of camels in the middle of the day

The results of this study strongly support the need for implementation of surveillance and control programs for trypanosomosis in camel herds in Somaliland

Epidemiological studies on camel trypanosomosis (surra) and its control and economic impact in Somaliland

Trypanosoma evansi (T. evansi), the protozoan parasitic cause of camel trypanosomosis (Surra), constitutes one of the major veterinary problems worldwide. An infectious disease model of camel trypanosomosis (Surra) was adopted from one developed for buffalo and applied to study the impact of T. evansi infection on camel production. The model contained deterministic and stochastic components and the seroprevalence based on a survey conducted in Somaliland in 2011 and 2012 to simulate and estimate the economic benefits of four different control options against T. evansi infection in camels (1, 2, 3 and 4 regimens). The mean benefit per animal of controlling surra was calculated at US$354 (the treatment of all camels biannually), US$426 (the monthly targeted treatment of clinically sick camels) and US$287 (biannual targeted treatment of seropositive camels), respectively, compared with US$137 for untreated camels. Consequently, the model predicted that the total net benefit loss to a camel herd or village that was not applying the recommended effective surra control strategy was US$115,605 (69.4 billion shilling per annum).

Modelling the potential benefits of different strategies to control infection with Trypanosoma evansi in camels in Somaliland

Spatially explicit models have become widely used in today's mathematical ecology and epidemiology to study the persistence of populations. For simplicity, population dynamics is often analysed by using ordinary differential equations (ODEs) or partial differential equations (PDEs) in the one-dimensional (1D) space. An important question is to predict species extinction or persistence rate by mean of computer simulation based on the spatial model. Recently, it has been reported that stable turbulent and regular waves are persistent based on the spatial susceptible?infected?resistant?susceptible (SIRS) model by using the cellular automata (CA) method in the two-dimensional (2D) space [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101, 18246 (2004)]. In this paper, we address other important issues relevant to phase transitions of epidemic persistence. We are interested in assessing the significance of the risk of extinction in 1D space. Our results show that the 2D space can considerably increase the possibility of persistence of spread of epidemics when the degree distribution of the individuals is uniform, i.e. the pattern of 2D spatial persistence corresponding to extinction in a 1D system with the same parameters. The trade-offs of extinction and persistence between the infection period and infection rate are observed in the 1D case. Moreover, near the trade-off (phase transition) line, an independent estimation of the dynamic exponent can be performed, and it is in excellent agreement with the result obtained by using the conjectured relationship of directed percolation. We find that the introduction of a short-range diffusion and a long-range diffusion among the neighbourhoods can enhance the persistence and global disease spread in the space.

Phase transitions in cellular automata models of spatial susceptible--infected--resistant--susceptible epidemics

NC machining achieves the ideal of NC commands by NC control command to available to the ideal,but in actual processing,due to motion error,there are differences between the actual trajectory and the ideal trajectory,these instructions can not be the ideal trajectory,by the movement between the various components of the NC machine,the Method of the Correcting NC Command have been studied in the paper,so that processing of trajectory control in the vicinity of the ideal trajectory,improving the processing quality.And to three-axis CNC machine tools as experimental object,and test results verify that the correction method effectively improves machining accuracy.

Study on the method of the correcting nc command for the error compensation of nc machine

The article discussed the basic concepts and principles of the RBAC models,and researched the key technology of the Web database accessThen,an example was given to illustrate the way of using RBAC models in the implementation of Web database access system

Application of RBAC in Web Database Access

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Phase transitions in cellular automata models of spatial susceptible--infected--resistant--susceptible epidemics

Study on the method of the correcting nc command for the error compensation of nc machine

Application of RBAC in Web Database Access