Lubrication is essential for proper and reliable operation of mechanical systems as it is vital to reduce friction and wear of moving components to assure high quality performance. Particularly, with continued development of precision devices the need to acquire effective lubrication technology for micro-systems continues to rise. The challenge lies in the fact that conventional lubrication methods cannot be applied to micro-systems due to viscosity effects. Thus, driven by the needs of precision devices, stringent operating conditions and environmental preservation, numerous alternatives to conventional liquid lubricants have been proposed. In this paper, various lubrication methods to replace or improve conventional liquid lubrication and their characteristics are reviewed. Fundamental mechanism and tribological characteristics of minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), vapor phase lubrication (VPL), and self-assembled monolayer are discussed.

Nano-lubrication: A review

A new model for the preload degradation of linear rolling guide

Two-way coupled MBD–DEM modeling and experimental validation for the dynamic response of mechanisms containing damping particles

In this paper, a detailed model of motion stage driven by iron-less permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) and supported by rolling guides are presented. This stage is a prototype of the feeding system for a precise turning machine tool. In this model, there are two categories disturbances including slow-varying ones mainly produced by the thrust ripple of PMLSM and abrupt-changing ones caused by nonlinear friction of rolling guide. To overcome these disturbances, a simple, effective and practical servo control method based on the general-purpose two-degree-of-freedom PID (2DoF-PID) type controller integrated with the linear extended state observer (LESO) and the friction feedforward (FFF) controller is presented. In this control framework, the linear ESO is designed to estimate and compensate for the slow-varying disturbance and the FFF controller is adopted to eliminate the abrupt-changing nonlinear friction effects. Finally, comparative simulations indicate that the 2DoF-PID-LESO-FFF is effective and achieves better performance compared with traditional controllers, and experiment results demonstrate that the tracking error of the proposed method can be kept in the bounds of 1.5 μm under different conditions.

/pdf/a-practical-precision-control-method-base-on-linear-extended-2x4z5798q7.pdf

A Practical Precision Control Method Base on Linear Extended State Observer and Friction Feedforward of Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor

In machining centers, investigating friction force in the linear motion (LM) guide is important in improving the positioning performance of the center. We analyzed the contact force and the contact pressure between the roller and raceway via the Palmgren formula and Hertzian contact theory, respectively. Based on Albrecht’s friction model, an improvement model for calculating friction force was proposed which takes into consideration the bearing’s geometrical parameters, the contact force and the changes in grease viscosity with pressure and temperature. The coefficients in the improved model were obtained from previously published experimental results. The improved model was verified by comparison to previous empirical equation results and the experimental results. The analysis showed that the improved model predicts the friction force more accurately compared to the previous model, and it will lay the theoretical foundation for predicting friction behavior in the linear motion guide.

Improved friction model for the roller LM guide considering mechanics analysis

Friction is a characteristic that can be found in machine elements in common engineering use, and it has great effect on the machining performance of a machine tool. Linear motion (LM) guides supported by rolling elements are used for accurate positioning of precision machine. For accurate positioning, the frictional behavior of the LM guide must be understood. In this investigation, a new experiment is conducted to measure friction, and the behavior of LM roller guide friction is measured under various external loads, preloads, velocities, and lubricants. The results obtained from experiment are compared with reference data, and the experimental friction equation of LM roller guide THK SRG25 is achieved from experiment, which can be used to calculate LM roller guide friction and control positioning accuracy.

Friction Experiment of Linear Motion Roller Guide THK SRG25

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Friction Experiment of Linear Motion Roller Guide THK SRG25