Recent studies of eye movements in reading and other information processing tasks, such as music reading, typing, visual search, and scene perception, are reviewed. The major emphasis of the review is on reading as a specific example of cognitive processing. Basic topics discussed with respect to reading are (a) the characteristics of eye movements, (b) the perceptual span, (c) integration of information across saccades, (d) eye movement control, and (e) individual differences (including dyslexia). Similar topics are discussed with respect to the other tasks examined. The basic theme of the review is that eye movement data reflect moment-to-moment cognitive processes in the various tasks examined. Theoretical and practical considerations concerning the use of eye movement data are also discussed.

/pdf/eye-movements-in-reading-and-information-processing-20-years-3z5ay8hdwc.pdf

Eye movements in reading and information processing: 20 years of research.

Eye movements in reading and information processing.

Visual science is currently a highly active domain, with much progress being made in fields such as colour vision, stereo vision, perception of brightness and contrast, visual illusions, etc. But the "real" mystery of visual perception remains comparatively unfathomed, or at least relegated to philosophical status: Why it is that we can see so well with what is apparently such a badly constructed visual apparatus? In this paper I will discuss several defects of vision and the classical theories of how they are overcome. I will criticize these theories and suggest an alternative approach, in which the outside world is considered as a kind of external memory store which can be accessed instantaneously by casting one's eyes (or one's attention) to some location. The feeling of the presence and extreme richness of the visual world is, under this view, a kind of illusion, created by the immediate availability of the information in this external store.

http://pages.isir.upmc.fr/~gas/pam/img_auth.php/6/62/ORegan1992.pdf

Solving the "real" mysteries of visual perception: The world as an outside memory.

Neuronal mechanisms of visual stability

We present three lines of evidence indicating a low-level visual deficit in a large percentage of specifically-disabled readers. This research is presented within the theoretical framework of spatial frequency analysis, in particular, the framework of transient and sustained subsystems. a. Measures of visible-persistence duration as a function of spatial frequency in normal and specifically-disabled readers show that disabled readers have a different pattern of temporal processing across spatial frequencies. These differences disappear when transient system activity is reduced. b. On measures of pattern-contrast sensitivity specifically-disabled readers are less sensitive than controls at low spatial frequencies, but equal or more sensitive at high spatial frequencies. c. On measures of temporal-contrast sensitivity disabled readers are less sensitive than controls at all flicker rates with the greatest differences being at the higher temporal frequencies. These three sources of evidence indicate...

A theoretical and experimental case for a visual deficit in specific reading disability

Interaction of pre- and postsaccadic patterns having the same coordinates in space.

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Interaction of pre- and postsaccadic patterns having the same coordinates in space.