The new Brazilian Synchrotron Light Source (Sirius) is under development and will operate at 3 GeV, with 0.5 A and emmitance close to 1 nmrad. “Green solutions”, using permanent magnets, are being proposed for the dipoles and quadrupoles of the storage ring. This is an attempt to reduce as much as possible the electrical energy consumption, trying, at the same time, to assure the reliability of the magnets during several years. Results of some prototypes already built and characterized are presented in this report.

Sirius—A 3 GeV Electron Storage Ring Based on Permanent Magnets

Novel tunable magnets using permanent magnetic materials (PMMs) are proposed for the magnetic lattice of the 3 GeV Sirius storage ring. Many essential qualitative aspects are discussed including the low and high field dipole designs using PMMs. Studies for quadrupoles and sextupoles were also performed, but as an alternative way, which depends on field requirements.

Concepts of tunable magnets using permanent magnetic material for synchrotron radiation sources

A study is made of the configurations of magnetic elements in order to maximize the beam brightness of a small e/sup -/ storage ring for use as a component in a Compton scattered X-ray facility. The design goal was a single bunch current of 20 mA at a beam energy of 125 MeV. The design produced a low emittance beam ( epsilon /sub x/=10/sup -7/ m-rad) with a reasonable lifetime. The authors plan to use NdBFe permanent magnetic driven dipoles in an attempt to reduce the overall cost of the storage ring facility, and the design used their properties for the bends in the lattice. Parameters varied include the RF voltage, the lattice structure and the number and size of the bend elements. In particular, the effect of intrabeam scattering at such a low energy was studied. >

Lattice studies for a small storage ring

During last four or five decades there has been a growing demand in particle accelerators which can provide electron beams in the energy ranging from 2 MeV to 100 MeV with high energy resolution and good dose control. Other important requirements are that the machines must be compact, of low power consumption, low price and relatively low maintenance cost. There is a variety of sectors interested in such particle accelerators ranging from industry (industrial radiography) to nuclear physics experiments. One type of machines that meet all these requirements are the electron accelerators with beam recirculation. Fair representatives of this class of accelerators are race-track microtrons (RTM). These sources of electron beam are the most efficient equipment for applications with a relatively low beam current and medium energies ranging from 2 MeV to 100 MeV.&#x0D; The aim of the present thesis is to perform studies of some aspects of the RTMs. One part of the thesis is devoted to the design and development of magnetic elements with permanent magnets of two RTMs for different applications. The first one, which is currently under construction at the UPC (Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña), is a novel accelerator with the beam energy variable between 6 MeV and 12 MeV for medical applications (Intraoperative Radiation Therapy treatments). The other machine is a 55 MeV RTM for the detection of explosives by means of photonuclear reactions, which is at the stage of tests at the Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP). The magnetic field in the designed magnets is generated by rare earth permanent magnet (REPM) materials. This allows to get quite compact magnetic systems compatible with high vacuum environment. In the thesis the design and magnetic properties characterization of the magnetic system of these RTMs are carried out. The calculations were performed by means of 2D and 3D simulations using the POISSON, FEMM and ANSYS codes. In the case of the UPC RTM the design of the 180º dipoles, extraction magnets and quadrupole magnet are carried out. For the SINP 55 MeV RTM the optimization of the magnetic field shielding with the aim to reduce the stray magnetic field generated by the extraction magnet is presented. The results of the simulations were confirmed by experimental measurements of the magnetic field of the magnet with the optimized magnetic field shielding.&#x0D; In the other part of the thesis some aspects of the beam dynamics in RTM magnetic systems are studied. A detailed analysis of the fringe - field focusing in RTM dipole magnets is carried out. Equations for calculation of the fringe - field effect on electron beam trajectories are derived and are applied for a study of the end magnets of the UPC 12 MeV RTM. A general formalism for describing the longitudinal beam dynamics in RTMs for electron beams with arbitrary energy and end magnets with arbitrary magnetic field profile is also developed. This formalism is used for the calculation of the phase-slip effect in RTMs with low energy injection. 

pdf/design-and-characterization-of-magnetic-systems-in-race-28vv3xjr4p.pdf

Design and characterization of magnetic systems in race-track microtrons

The authors designed and constructed a small dipole magnet driven by NdBFe permanent magnet material with iron for field shaping. The gap is 1.5 inches high and 4 inches wide; the magnet length is 8 inches. A central field value of 0.422 T has been measured and a computer prediction for a long magnet predicted 0.6 T. The central field is quite uniform in the horizontal midplane, and field integrals have been measured and are plotted. >

Permanent magnet-based dipole for a small storage ring

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Permanent magnet-based dipole for a small storage ring

Lattice studies for a small storage ring