The purpose of the study was determining the in vitro sensitivity of Streptococcus agalactiae, other Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Escherichia coli, and Arcanobacterium pyogenes strains to antibiotics commonly used in veterinary praxis. These pathogens were isolated from cows with clinical or subclinical mastitis in 2006–2007. The activity of 10–14 antibiotics to each bacterial species was examined. The sensitivity was tested by disk diffusion method and performed according to CLSI guidelines in Mueller-Hinton agar. Streptococcus agalactiae strains were mostly sensitive to amoxicillin (93.6%), cefquinom (96%), cefapirin (94.1%), cefoperazone (88.9%, bacitracin (87.1%), and cephalexin (79%). Other streptococci were most susceptible to amoxicillin (91.4%), cefquinom (84.1%), bacitracin (89%), and cephalexin (79.7%). Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (97.4%), cloxacillin (90%), cefquinom (92.9%), cephalexin (90.5%), and bacitracin (88.6%) were the most active against Staphylococcus aureus. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were sensitive to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (100%), cefquinom (89.2%), cephalexin (89.3%), bacitracin (86,.1%), rifaximin (86.8%), and cefapirin (86.5%). Norfloxacin (85.1%), enrofloxacin (83.9%), and marbofloxacin (84.4%) were active against Gram-negative bacilli. Only amoxicillin (87.1%) from ten analysed antibiotics exhibited very high activity against Arcanobacterium pyogenes.

Antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from cows with mastitis in 2006-2007

Alternative solutions to antibiotics in mastitis treatment for dairy cows - a review

The present investigation was carried out to isolate the Bacillus spps. from clinical and subclinical Bovine mastitis milk and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility. The samples were collected from North Karnataka, India (09 districts) from March 2012 to August 2012. A total of 392 Milk samples suffering from mastitis were screened and a total of 221 Bacillus spps. were recovered. The molecular characterization confirmed that the isolates belong to Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus methylotrophicus, Bacillus gaemokensis, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus mycoides. The isolates were subjected to the antibiotic resistance screening. The antibiotic resistance test showed that the isolated Bacillus spps. were resistant Methicillin (100%) followed by Penicillin G (91.40%), Oxacillin (80.54%), Cefixime (54.75%), Cefaclor (51.13%), Ampicillin (50.67%), Ceftriaxone (35.29%), Streptomycin (28.50%), Erythromycin (20.36%), Amikacin (17.64%), Norfloxacin (13.12%), Gentamicin (12.21%), Amoxyclav (10.40%), Cefpodoxime (8.59%), Tetracycline (7.69%), Chloramphenicol (6.33%), Azithromycin (5.42%), Ciprofloxacin (4.07%), Ofloxacin (2.26%) and all Bacillus spps. were susceptible to Vancomycin. The present study demonstrated the presence of alarming level of resistance of frequently and commonly used antimicrobial agents to the isolated bacteria. Therefore, an examination of the antibiotic resistance profiles of the isolates must be done earlier to the use of antibiotics in both to choose appropriate antibiotic for treatment and prevention of Bovine mastitis.

https://www.ijcmas.com/vol-3-4/S.O.Sadashiv%20and%20B.%20B.%20Kaliwal.pdf

Isolation, characterization and antibiotic resistance of Bacillus sps. from bovine mastitis in the region of north Karnataka, India

Streptococci are frequently isolated from bovine mastitis in dairy cows with only limited information about the antimicrobial susceptibility of these organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from clinical cases of bovine mastitis in Germi, Iran; and determine their susceptibility to some antibiotics. 700 milk samples collected from traditional and industrial dairy cattle husbandry suspected of having mastitic udders were submitted to laboratory for bacteriologic identification by biochemical and serological methods. The susceptibility patterns were studied by agar disk diffusion methods (ADDM). A total of 525 (75%) of the milk samples streptococci isolate belonging to 3 species namely S. agalactiae (52.95%), S. dysgalactiae (25.57%) and S. uberis (18.48%). All of isolates were resistant to streptomycin. Sensitivity to other antibiotics tested was varied. In comparison with other antibiotics amoxicillin and cephalexin were the most effective, in vitro. These species of streptococcus are of great public importance and the antibiotic susceptibility tests should be performed together with the identification of the bacterial agents in order to achieve effective treatment.

/pdf/prevalence-and-antibiotic-susceptibility-of-streptococcus-4ol4v0hmqk.pdf

Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of streptococcus spp. in cows with mastitis in Germi, Iran

The aim of this field study was to assess the impact of a single i.m. injection of lysozyme dimer and flunixin meglumine in combination with intramammary and systemic antibiotic on chemiluminescence of PMN (polymorphonuclear leucocytes) and subpopulations of lymphocyte T in blood of cows with E. coli mastitis. Examinations were performed on 30 dairy cows affected with naturally occurring acute form of E. coli mastitis. Cows were randomly divided into three groups according to the method of treatment. The first group was treated with approved intramammary antibiotic product, the same antibiotic in i.m. injection and one injection of flunixin meglumine on the first day of therapy. Next group was treated with the same antibiotic and additionally one injection of lysozyme dimer on the first day of therapy. The third one was treated only with an antibiotic and served as a control group. Blood samples were taken before treatment and on days 3 and 7. In samples haematology indices were determined, spontaneous and opsonised zymosan stimulated CL and PMA measurements were performed and the subpopulations of T lymphocyte (CD2(+), CD4(+), CD8(+)) were assayed in whole blood. There was no effect of the applied supportive treatment on the value of morphological blood indices. A significant influence of the time of sample collection on the level of CL and dynamics of lymphocytes T subpopulation was demonstrated. A single injection of flunixin meglumine or lysozyme dimer on the day of the beginning of treatment of E. coli mastitis, does not affect the level of neutrophil chemiluminescence and the percentage of T lymphocytes in the blood of mastitic cows in the analysed period of time.

http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.agro-db76b336-4497-4e7c-9cc6-5e6558e2a694/c/7_pjvs-2013-0095.pdf

The effect of supportive E. coli mastitis treatment on PMN chemiluminescence and subpopulations of T lymphocytes.

Wplyw iniekcji dimeru lizozymu na wyniki dowymieniowego leczenia ostrych zapalen gruczolu mlekowego u krow

Antimicrobial resistance of aerobic bacteria isolated from the inflamed uterus of cows.

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Wplyw iniekcji dimeru lizozymu na wyniki dowymieniowego leczenia ostrych zapalen gruczolu mlekowego u krow

Antimicrobial resistance of aerobic bacteria isolated from the inflamed uterus of cows.