The importance of ceruloplasmin in iron metabolism was studied in swine made hypoceruloplasminemic by copper deprivation. When the plasma ceruloplasmin level fell below 1% of normal, cell-to-plasma iron flow became sufficiently impaired to cause hypoferremia, even though total body iron stores were normal. When ceruloplasmin was administered to such animals, plasma iron increased immediately and continued to rise at a rate proportional to the logarithm of the ceruloplasmin dose. The administration of inorganic copper induced increases in plasma iron only after ceruloplasmin appeared in the circulation. Thus, ceruloplasmin appeared to be essential to the normal movement of iron from cells to plasma. Studies designed to define the mechanism of action of ceruloplasmin were based on the in vitro observation that ceruloplasmin behaves as an enzyme (ferroxidase) that catalyzes oxidation of ferrous iron. Retention of injected ferrous iron in the plasma of ceruloplasmin-deficient swine was significantly less than that of ferric iron, reflecting impaired transferrin iron binding. Rat ceruloplasmin, which has little ferroxidase activity, was much less effective than porcine or human ceruloplasmin in inducing increases in plasma iron. These observations suggest that ceruloplasmin acts by virtue of its ferroxidase activity. Eight patients with Wilson's disease were evaluated in order to investigate iron metabolism in a disorder characterized by reduced ceruloplasmin levels. Evidence of iron deficiency was found in six of these, and in five of the six, plasma ceruloplasmin was less than 5% of normal. In comparison, the two patients without evidence of iron deficiency had ceruloplasmin levels of 11 and 18% of normal. It is suggested that iron deficiency tends to occur in those patients with Wilson's disease who have the severest degrees of hypoceruloplasminemia, possibly because of defective transfer of iron from intestinal mucosal cells to plasma.

/pdf/the-role-of-ceruloplasmin-in-iron-metabolism-1xcwcxmef6.pdf

The role of ceruloplasmin in iron metabolism

The way in which iron is handled by the duodenal mucosa, the reticuloendothelial system, the hepatic parenchymal cell, and the nor- moblast was investigated in copper-deficient swine. Copper-deficient swine failed to absorb dietary iron at the normal rate. Increased amounts of stainable iron were observed in fixed sections of duodenum from such animals. When 59iron was administered orally, the mucosa of copper-deficient animals extracted iron from the duodenal lumen at the normal rate, but the subsequent transfer to plasma was impaired. When intramuscular iron supplements were given to copper-deficient pigs, increased amounts of iron were found in the reticuloendothelial sys- tem, the hepatic parenchymal cells, and in normo- blasts (sideroblasts). Hypoferremia was observed in the early stages of copper deficiency, even though iron stores were normal or increased. When red cells that were damaged by prolonged storage were administered, the reticuloendothelial system failed to extract and transfer the erythrocyte iron to the plasma at the normal rate. Administration of cop- per to copper-deficient animals with normal iron stores resulted in a prompt increase in the plasma iron.

/pdf/iron-metabolism-in-copper-deficient-swine-2is40dpdtx.pdf

Iron metabolism in copper-deficient swine

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the occurrence of anemia in cancer. Many of the theories about the cause of anemia arose from early studies on leukemia. It is generally accepted that the anemia results from the invasion and crowding out of the bone marrow by neoplastic tissue, a theory sponsored by the eminent German hematologist, Pappenheim. The rapid introduction of radioisotope techniques is providing new tools, which promise to aid in a more quantitative evaluation of these various theories. The new information derived from such approaches has led, in many instances, to definite conclusions and increased understanding, and in others, to contradiction and variable data. Because the confusion can be traced in many instances to the use of techniques, which retain intrinsic defects, an attempt is made in the chapter to evaluate these techniques in some detail and to indicate their limitations and potentialities in the study of the anemia associated with cancer.

Anemia in cancer.

RAGAN, H. A., S. NACHT, G. R. LEE, C. R. BISHOP, AND G. E. CARTWRIGHT. Effect of ceruloplasmin on plasma iron in copper-deficient swine. Am. J. Physiol. 217(5) : 1320-1323. 1969.-The administration of homologous ceruloplasmin to copper-deficient swine with adequate iron stores resulted in a rapid, marked, and sustained increase in plasma iron concentration. An amount of inorganic copper equivalent to that contained in the ceruloplasmin produced only a minimal, transient increase in plasma iron. Ferrokinetic studies following ceruloplasmin infusion indicated that the increase in serum iron resulted from an increase in the rate of flow of iron into plasma. These studies support the hypothesis that ceruloplasmin, possibly because of its ferroxidase activity, directly affects the transfer of iron from cells to plasma.

Effect of ceruloplasmin on plasma iron in copper-deficient swine.

Studies on copper metabolism. XX. Enzyme activities and iron metabolism in copper and iron deficiencies.

Blood volume studies in normal and anemic swine.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

W. N. Jensen

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Blood volume studies in normal and anemic swine.