Rat embryos explanted at nine and one-half days of gestation (early head-fold stages) were cultured for 48 hours in rotating bottles containing rat serum and a gas phase. Addition of 12-15 mg/ml of D-glucose to the culture medium resulted in severe abnormalities and retarded development in a high proportion of embryos, whether or not the osmolarity increase brought about by the addition of glucose was corrected. The raised osmolarity, however, increased the frequency and severity of malformations observed. L-glucose produced no abnormalities, though embryonic development was retarded.

Teratogenic effects of excess glucose on head‐fold rat embryos in culture

Teratology in the 20th century

In pediatrics and genetics, a great deal of attention has been focused on intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), which may occur alone or with a great many anomalies, making up various syndromes. With improved obstetrical and neonatal care given to premature and small-for-gestationalage (SGA) infants, perinatal morbidity and mortality rates have declined. Relatively little attention has been paid, however, to overgrowth and its attendant syndromes, despite the fact that macrosomic infants are at significantly increased risk during delivery and during the neonatal period.

A Comprehensive and Critical Assessment of Overgrowth and Overgrowth Syndromes

The Pathology of Pregnancy Complicated by Diabetes Mellitus

This is the report of a family in which a balanced translocation in the mother t(5;10)(p15;p13) led to an unbalanced chromosomal constitution in two children. It was identified by G-banding analysis as trisomy of the distal portion of the short arm of chromosome 10 (p13→pter). Comparison with 15 previous reports of trisomy 10p confirms the existence of a characteristic dysmorphic syndrome.

New chromosomal dysmorphic syndromes

Congenital malformations and maternal diabetes

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Congenital malformations and maternal diabetes