Root rots in sugar beet storage can lead to multimillion dollar losses because of reduced sucrose recovery. Thus, studies were conducted to establish additional fungicide treatments for sugar beet storage and a greater understanding of the fungi involved in the sugar beet storage rot complex in Idaho. A water control treatment and three fungicides (Mertect [product at 0.065 ml/kg of roots; 42.3% thiabendazole {vol/vol}], Propulse [product at 0.049 ml/kg of roots; 17.4% fluopyram and 17.4% prothioconazole {vol/vol}], and Stadium [product at 0.13 ml/kg of roots; 12.51% azoxystrobin, 12.51% fludioxonil, and 9.76% difenoconozole {vol/vol}]) were investigated for the ability to control fungal rots of sugar beet roots held up to 148 days in storage during the 2012 and 2013 storage seasons. At the end of September into October, roots were harvested weekly for 5 weeks from each of two sugar beet fields in Idaho, treated with the appropriate fungicide, and placed on top of a commercial indoor sugar beet storage pile until early February. Differences (P < 0.0001 to 0.0150) among fungicide treatments were evident. Propulse- and Stadium-treated roots had 84 to 100% less fungal growth versus the control roots, whereas fungal growth on Mertect-treated roots was not different from the control roots in 7 of 12 comparisons for roots harvested each of the first 3 weeks in both years of this study. The Propulse- and Stadium-treated roots also reduced (P < 0.0001 to 0.0146; based on weeks 1, 3, and 4 in 2012 and weeks 1, 3, 4, and 5 in 2013) sucrose loss by 14 to 46% versus the control roots, whereas roots treated with Mertect did not change sucrose loss compared with the control roots in 7 of 10 evaluations. The predominant fungi isolated from symptomatic roots were an Athelia-like sp., Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium spp., and Phoma betae. If Propulse and Stadium are labeled for use on sugar beet in storage, these fungicides should be considered for root rot control in commercial sugar beet storage and on roots held for vernalization for seed production of this biennial plant species.

https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/pdf/10.1094/PDIS-10-14-0998-RE

Influence of Harvest Timing, Fungicides, and Beet necrotic yellow vein virus on Sugar Beet Storage.

Penicillium vulpinum along with a number of other fungi can lead to rot of stored sugar beet roots. However, Penicillium isolates associated with necrotic lesions on roots from a recent sugar beet storage study were determined to be different from P. vulpinum and other recognized Penicillium species. Phylogenies based on sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-5.8S, β-tubulin (BenA), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) DNA regions indicate that these isolates are novel, but most closely related to the following Penicillium spp. in the section Fasiculata: P. aurantiogriseum, P. camemberti, and P. freii. Macro- and micromorphological data also support designating these isolates as a new species for which we propose the name, Penicillium cellarum sp. nov. Inoculation studies with the P. cellarum isolates on roots of the commercial sugar beet cultivar B-7 led to the formation of necrotic lesions 23 to 25 mm in diameter after 86 days in storage. These lesions were similar to those observed on sugar beet roots in commercial storage piles. These data indicate that P. cellarum is a pathogen which can cause root rot in stored sugar beet roots.

https://apsjournals.apsnet.org/doi/pdf/10.1094/PDIS-03-17-0410-RE

A Novel Penicillium sp. Causes Rot in Stored Sugar Beet Roots in Idaho.

Progress report on breeding of Sugar Beets in Minnesota for resistance to black root.

كچ ي هد  تسد روظنم هب ي زرا تهج دامتعا لباق و هداس يشور هب يبا ي تنژ داوم يبا ي ـ سوپ رـبارب رد دنقردنغچ يك ي يگد ر ي نوتكوز ي ا ي ر ي ي تمواقم ،هقوط و هش 12  تونژ ي ارش رد پ ي ش رد و هناخلگ ،هعرزم ط ي دمه اب هش ي اقم رگ ي هـس ارش رد .دش ي امزآ هعرزم ط ي ط بلاق رد ش ـ كولب حر ه صت لماك يا ـ اب يفدا راهچ  م رد راركت ي ـ تلاپورك  اه ي ي داعبا هب 1 × 1 × 2  جنا رتم ـ ش ما ـ .د م ي تلاپورك  اه شاك زا لبق ـ تم طسوت ،ت ي امورب ل ـ ي .دندـش ينوفعدـض د هتوب يعونصم يگدولآ  هناد طسوت اه  ادج هب هدولآ ترذ ياه ـ ي ه  زا يا Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2  تردـق اـب ب ي رام ي از ي ،لااب ي رد  هتوب  ياه 12  هتفه  تفرگ ماجنا يا .  م ي سوپ ناز ي ر يگد ي هـتوب ره هش  هـس  زا دـعب هاـم ام ي ه  ينز  زرا ي يبا  .دش ارش رد ي ط هناخلگ زرا ي تونژ تمواقم يبا ي پ  اه گ هلحرم رد ي گ و هچها ي رد غلاب ها بلاق ود امزآ ي ش ازجم  دـش ماجنا .  رد   گ هـلحرم ي  هـچها يا  گرـم دـصرد گ ي تـشاك زا دـعب هـتفه جنـپ اـت هـچها ي تشاددا  .دش يرادرب رد گ هلحرم ي غلاب ها  م ي سوپ ناز ي ر يگد ي هش هس ام زا سپ هتفه ي ه  ينز ي .دش تشاددا  رد ر شور ي رب هش ي تونژ هد ي پ  تشاك زا سپ هام تفه و دندش تشك هعرزم رد ادتبا اه ،  تونژ ره زا ي پ 30  ددع ر ي ارش رد و باختنا فداصت هب هش ي امزآ ط ي گش ر ره زا ها ي هش ي رطق هب شرب ك ـ ي  تناـس ك ي هت رتم ـ ي رد و ه شرب سپس .تفرگ رارق نورتس يرتپ فورظ ه اب ا ي م تشه صرق ك ي ل ي زا يرتم ادج ي ـ قلت ،رـظن دروم ه ي ح .دندش  سوپ رطق ي ام زا سپ زور تفه شرب ره يور يگد ي ه  هزادنا ينز  گ ي .دش ير زرا ي يبا  ش رد ي اـب هش  جنـپ  لاماك حرط بلاق رد و راركت "  اصت  ا يارـب .دـش ماجنا يرتپ فورظ رد يفد ـ ي هدز هـناوج ياهرذـب ،راـك ن پ دنقردنغچ ي ب تدش .تفرگ رارق چراق دشر لاح رد هنگرپ نومار ي گ يرام ي هچها  اه جنپ  ام زا دعب زور ي ه  اب ينز قم ي سا 4 0  ي ـ ب يگتـسبمه يـسررب روظنم هب .دش تشاددا ي ن  جنـپ  زرا شور ـ ي  رـض ،يبا ي يگتـسبمه ب پ ي نوسر (Pearson Correlation Coefficient)  درگ هبساحم ي .د زرا شور ي گ يبا ي هچها  ياه هناخلگ رد دنقردنغچ ر شور و ي رب هش ي  اـس اـب ينادـنچ يگتسبمه هد ي شور ر ه زرا يا ـ ي  شور .دنتـشادن يبا ه زرا يا ـ ي يبا نورد ش ي هش  يا هناخلگ ،  يا گ هلحرم رد ) ي هعرزم و (غلاب ها  اب يا ي دك ي يگتسبمه رگ ينعم و تبثم  .دنتشاد راد  شور زرا ي يبا ش نورد ي هش  يا  زرا اب ي هناخلگ يبا  يا  هعرزم و  يا  ترت هب ي اب ب  رض ي  يگتـسبمه ب  862 / 0  و 685 / 0  ينعم و تبثم يگتسبمه  داد ناشن راد ) 05 . 0 ( ≤ p .  زرا شور ي هناخلگ يبا   زرا اـب يا ـ ي  هـعرزم يبا يا  ن ـ ي ز  يگتسبمه  ينعم  راد  تشاد ) 912 / 0 ( ب . ه يم رظن  ور زا هدافتسا اب دسر يعادبا ش زرا ـ ي يبا  ش رد ي لاـبرغ هـش لوا ي مرژ ه  مسلاپ  ردنغچ ياه دنق  صوت لباقلااب دامتعا اب و هاتوك تدم رد ي .تسا ه

Comparison of different methods for evaluation of resistance to rhizoctonia root and crown rot in selected genotypes of sugar beet

Efficacy of different inoculum forms of Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2IIIB for resistance screening of sugar beet varieties

A number of crown and root rot diseases reduce yield in sugarbeet. Many of t hese diseases are limited to small geographic areas a nd their incidence is often sporadic. Hence, development of resistant cultivars has not been a high priority. Rhizoctonia, Aphanomyces, and Erwinia root rots are exceptions. Commerci all y useful resistance to Rhizoctonia and Aphanomyces originated from only a few sources. Erwinia resistance is available from numerous sources and is relatively easy to select for. Selection for resistance to prevalent storage rot fungi is possible but has not received much attention from commercial sugarbeet breeders. Knowledge of the inheritance of root or storage rots is frequently incomplete and sometimes inconsistent. Results of systematic screenings of the USDA Beta collection confirm the scarcity of resistance to Rhizoctonia and Aphanomyces and the diffic ulty of broadening the currently narrow genetic base of sugarbeet. Genetic engineering techniques probably will not make a contribution to the development of root rot resistant germplasm in the near future. Understanding the biochemical basis of resistance will eventually improve selection efficiency and hasten the application of genetic engineering technologies to the problems of host plant resistance.

Pre-breeding for root-rot resistance.

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Pre-breeding for root-rot resistance.