Design and sol-gel preparation of SiO 2 /TiO 2 and SiO 2 /SnO 2 /SiO 2 -SnO 2 multilayer antireflective coatings

Preparation of Nb-doped TiO2 films by sol-gel method and their dual-band electrochromic properties

The decoration of Nb-doped TiO 2 microspheres by reduced graphene oxide for enhanced CO gas sensing

XANES analysis and structural properties of CdS-doped TiO2

Here, a systematic experimental study on indium tin oxide (ITO) films is presented to investigate the effects of oxygen partial pressure on the film's electrical properties. The results of Hall measurements show that adding more oxygen in the sputtering gas has negative influences on the electrical conductivity of ITO films. As O2/(O2 + Ar)% in the sputtering gas is increased from 0 to 6.98%, the resistivity of ITO film rises almost exponentially from 7.9 × 10−4 to 4.1 × 10−2 Ω cm, with the carrier density decreasing from 4.8 × 1020 to 5.4 × 1018 cm−3. The origins of these negative effects are discussed with focuses on the concentration of ionized impurities and the scattering of grain barriers. Extensive x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were employed to gain insight into the concentration of ionized impurities, demonstrating a strong correlation between the oxygen vacancy concentration and the carrier density in ITO films as a function of sputtering O2 partial pressure. Other microstructural characterization techniques including x-ray diffraction (XRD), high-magnification scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) analyses were used to evaluate the average grain size of ITO films. For ITO films that have carrier density above 1019 cm−3, scattering on grain boundaries and other crystallographic defects show negligible effects on the carrier transport. The results point to the oxygen vacancy concentration that dictates the carrier density and, thus, the resistivity of magnetron-sputtered ITO films.

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of Indium Tin Oxide Films Deposited at Various Oxygen Partial Pressures

Doping concentration effects upon column-structured Nb:TiO2 for transparent conductive thin films prepared by a sol–gel method

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

W. Li

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Doping concentration effects upon column-structured Nb:TiO2 for transparent conductive thin films prepared by a sol–gel method