A numerical study of three-dimensional liquid sloshing in tanks

Numerical simulation of sloshing waves in a 3D tank based on a finite element method

Sloshing motions in excited tanks

A finite element method is used for computing the non-linear sloshing response of liquid in a two-dimensional rigid rectangular tank with rigid baffles. The potential formulation is considered for the liquid domain and a mixed Eulerian–Langrangian scheme is adopted. The solution is obtained by the Galerkin method. The fourth-order Runge–Kutta method is employed to advance the solution in the time domain. A regridding technique is applied to the free surface of the liquid, which effectively eliminates the numerical instabilities without the use of artificial smoothing. Through the comparison with the available results for the rectangular tank without baffle, the validity of the present formulation is checked and then extended to the solution of tanks with rigid baffles. The effects of baffle parameters such as position, dimension and numbers on the non-linear sloshing response are examined. The present numerical solution procedure is also applied to the non-linear sloshing problems in a circular cylindrical container with annular baffle. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Non-linear sloshing in partially liquid filled containers with baffles

Numerical study on liquid sloshing in baffled tank by nonlinear finite element method

An innovative method of analysis was developed to simulate the non-linear seismic finite-amplitude liquid sloshing in two-dimensional containers. In view of the irregular and time-varying liquid surface, the method employed a curvilinear mesh system to transform the non-linear sloshing problem from the physical domain with an irregular free-surface boundary into a computational domain in which rectangular grids can be analysed by the finite difference method. Non-linearities associated with both the unknown location of the free surface and the high-order differential terms were considered. The Crank-Nicolson time marching scheme was employed and the resulting finite difference algorithm is unconditionally stable and very lightly damped with respect to the temporal co-ordinate. In order to minimize numerical instability caused by the computational dispersion in spatially discretized surface wave, a second-order dissipation term was added to the system to filter out the spurious high-frequency waves. Sloshing effects and structural response were measured in terms of sloshing amplitude, base shear and overturning moment generated by the hydrodynamic pressure of the liquid exerted on the container walls. Simulation results of liquid sloshing induced by earthquake and harmonic base excitations were compared with those of the linear wave theory and the limitations of the latter in assessing the response of seismically excited liquids were addressed.

Large amplitude liquid sloshing in seismically excited tanks

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Large amplitude liquid sloshing in seismically excited tanks