Transition metal complexes of semicarbazones and thiosemicarbazones

Nanoparticles serve various industrial and domestic purposes which is reflected in their steadily increasing production volume. This economic success comes along with their presence in the environment and the risk of potentially adverse effects in natural systems. Over the last decade, substantial progress regarding the understanding of sources, fate, and effects of nanoparticles has been made. Predictions of environmental concentrations based on modelling approaches could recently be confirmed by measured concentrations in the field. Nonetheless, analytical techniques are, as covered elsewhere, still under development to more efficiently and reliably characterize and quantify nanoparticles, as well as to detect them in complex environmental matrixes. Simultaneously, the effects of nanoparticles on aquatic and terrestrial systems have received increasing attention. While the debate on the relevance of nanoparticle-released metal ions for their toxicity is still ongoing, it is a re-occurring phenomenon that inert nanoparticles are able to interact with biota through physical pathways such as biological surface coating. This among others interferes with the growth and behaviour of exposed organisms. Moreover, co-occurring contaminants interact with nanoparticles. There is multiple evidence suggesting nanoparticles as a sink for organic and inorganic co-contaminants. On the other hand, in the presence of nanoparticles, repeatedly an elevated effect on the test species induced by the co-contaminants has been reported. In this paper, we highlight recent achievements in the field of nano-ecotoxicology in both aquatic and terrestrial systems but also refer to substantial gaps that require further attention in the future.

/pdf/nanoparticles-in-the-environment-where-do-we-come-from-where-48oowuooy3.pdf

Nanoparticles in the environment: where do we come from, where do we go to?

Calculation of equilibrium constants from multiwavelength spectroscopic data-I Mathematical considerations.

Calculation of equilibrium constants from multiwavelength spectroscopic data--II: SPECFIT: two user-friendly programs in basic and standard FORTRAN 77.

A critical review of the application of chelating agents to enable Fenton and Fenton-like reactions at high pH values.

The acidity constants of citric acid and the stability constants of the citrate complexes of copper(II), iron(II), and iron(III) have been measured at 25 °C in 0.1 M KNO3 background. The measuremen...

Composition and Stability of Iron and Copper Citrate Complexes in Aqueous Solution

Spectrophotometric determination of equilibrium constants in solution.

Picoline-2-aldehyde thiosemicarbazone: The acid dissociation constants and reactions with various metals

metal ion interactions of picoline-2-aldehyde thiosemicarbazone.

Data from simulated titrations (pH, titer, and pM) were generated from literature values of equilibrium constants, and then submitted to various published methods of calculation to regenerate the indicated equilibrium constants. These calculations were done with error-free input data, and the same with imposed random errors. In other experiments data from real titrations were subjected to the same analysis, and additional checks were made on the output of the calculations with an ion-selective electrode as a probe for pM. One method of data analysis was prone to cause errors in the finally recovered constants, and causes for this are suggested.

Determination of stability constants by pH titrations: a critical examination of data handling

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