Significance of human testicular mast cells and their subtypes in male infertility

Introduction: Prostate cancer exhibits a complex genetic and heterogeneous histological pattern reflecting
its multifactorial phenotype. Mast cells mainly known for their role in allergy and anaphylaxis, now
regarded as key factor cell in angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and repair, whereas their importance in
tumor pathology as either cancer promoter or inhibitor is still debated.
Materials and Methods: Study included 100 cases of prostatic lesions with 74 cases of benign prostatic
lesions and 26 cases of adenocarcinoma prostate, received in the form of transurethral resection of prostate
chips for histopathological examination. The tissues were routinely processed, the paraffin sections stained
by hematoxylin and eosin and 1% toluidine blue. Histological diagnosis was made. Mast cell count was
done taking a standard of 10 high power fields(x40) and mean were calculated. Distributions of mast cells
were noted in stroma, perivascular, periglandular and intraglandular regions.
Results: Mast cell count was significantly higher in benign prostatic hyperplasia with mean of 3.6 per high
power field whereas absence or low count was found in adenocarcinoma prostate with mean of 1.7 per high
power field. Mast cells were located predominantly in stromal region in both BPH and adenocarcinoma
prostate; in rest of the areas the numbers were comparable.
Conclusion: In this study we observed significant increase in mast cell count in stroma of BPH compared
to adenocarcinoma indicating that mast cell density is inversely proportional to malignancy. This suggests
high mast cell count favors the prognosis.

Keywords: Mast cells, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Adenocarcinoma.

https://www.ijpo.co.in/journal-article-file/10763

Consortum between mast cell and prostatic lesions-An etiological factor or mere coexistence

Introduction: Mast cells have an important role in innate and adaptive immunity. There role in tumour pathology is under investigation due to studies linking them to angiogenesis, tissue remodeling and stromal immunomodulation. Reports suggest that they can exert both pro or anti tumour effects. The role of mast cells may be influenced by its location in the lesion. In the present study, the number and distribution of mast cells in both benign and malignant prostatic lesions were recorded.
Methodology: Fifty seven patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 43 patients of adenocarcinoma (Ca) were the subjects of the study. Inflammatory conditions of prostate like prostatitis and other malignancies of prostate like sarcoma, transitional cell carcinoma etc were excluded from the study. This was a descriptive study with purposive sampling.
Histological diagnosis was made by examining sections stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. Additional sections from the same block were stained for mast cells using Giemsa stains as per standard protocol. Mast cell count was done in minimum 6 random high power microscopy field in four different regions viz., intraglandular, periglandular, stromal and perivascular regions for BPH and intratumoral, peritumoral, stromal and perivascular regions for Ca. Results were analysed statistically. 
Results:
In BPH cases showed a significantly higher number of mast cells in stromal as well as periglandular areas followed by perivascular area. Only few mast cells were observed in intraglandular area. Similar was the observations in adenocarcinoma cases where the maximum number of mast cells were concentrated in the stromal and perilesional area.  The number of mast cells in stroma of BPHwas higher as compared to that of adenocarcinoma.  In rest of the areas, the numbers were comparable.
Conclusion: This study showed no remarkable difference in the number and distribution of mast cells in benign and malignant prostatic lesions. There is paucity of such studies in the literature and the possible utility of mast cell count to differentiate malignant from benign and atypical conditions needs further evaluation.

/pdf/mast-cell-profile-in-benign-and-malignant-prostatic-lesions-1fkzrxfzzc.pdf

Mast Cell Profile in Benign and Malignant Prostatic Lesions

Introduction: Mast cells are the one of the component of defense immunity of our body.Aims of the study:Role of mast
cell in benign and malignant condition of prostate.Materials & methods:Total number of cases is 32.Out of 32 cases,24
cases are Benign (BPH) and 8 cases are malignant. Special stain ie.Toluidine blue has been done in all the 32 cases, as
toluidine blue stain will highlight the mast cells accurately.The number of mast cells per 10 high power fields in both
benign and malignant conditions was compared using statistical tools.Results: Proportion of mast cell in benign lesions
is 0.58 while in malignancy is 0.63.Since the p-value was > 0.05,the results were considered as statistically insignificant.
Discussion: In the present study, it is found that there is no statistical significant increase in the number of mast cells.
Conclusion: Hence probably mast cells may not play any protumorogenic role in cases of prostatic malignancy.

/pdf/significance-of-mast-cells-in-benign-and-malignant-1vpk3zisyg.pdf

Significance of mast cells in benign and malignant conditions of prostate

Background: (1) To study and correlate the mast cell numbers in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate carcinoma lesions. (2) To compare mast cell numbers of intratumoral and peritumoral regions in prostate adenocarcinomas. (3) To ascertain a relationship between the number of mast cells and age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, and Gleason Grade. Subjects and Methods: One-hundred cases of prostate lesions, consisting of 75 cases of BPH and 25 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma, received in the form of transurethral resection of prostate chips in the Department of Pathology, were included in the study. After histopathological diagnosis, the paraffin sections were stained with toluidine blue. Results: The mean value of mast cell count per mm 2 in benign and malignant lesion was 37.05 and 92.20, respectively. The difference in mean mast cell count in BPH and prostatic adenocarcinoma was found to be statistically significant ( P = 0.001). The correlation between mast cell count and Gleason Grade was found to be statistically significant ( P : Grades I–III - 0.043; 0.002; 0.012). However, no correlation was found between mast cell count with age and PSA levels. Conclusion: In this study, an increase in the number of mast cells was observed in patients with prostate cancer than in benign lesions. This suggests a stimulating role of mast cells in the progression of cancer.

Study of mast cells in prostate lesions: Adenocarcinoma compared with hyperplasia

Leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumors that can arise from any organ, but are infrequently seen in the genitourinary tract. We present a case of a 55-year-old gentleman with a history of swelling in left testis since 6 months associated with pain. A clinical diagnosis of seminoma was made. On ultrasound, the same lesion was reported as mass with homogenous echogenicity with orchitis. However, histopathological examination revealed a diagnosis of tunica albuginea leiomyoma. Tunica albuginea leiomyomas are a rare entity. This case report highlights the awareness of tunica albuginea leiomyomas, which can be clinically mistaken for malignant testicular tumor.

Leiomyoma of tunica albuginea: A case report with review of literature

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Study of mast cells in prostate lesions: Adenocarcinoma compared with hyperplasia

Leiomyoma of tunica albuginea: A case report with review of literature