Background: Malaria a protozoal disease caused by Plasmodium species. As per WHO global report 2015, it is distributed in 100 countries throughout the world. The worldwide prevalence of malaria is around 200-300 million cases with an estimated economical loss of 0.5-1 billion per annum. India contributes to 70% of cases and 69% of deaths in south east Asian region. Malaria in India is caused mainly by two species P. vivax (Pv) and P. falciparum (Pf). The present study was done to evaluate the clinical profile of malarial cases with associated complications and hematological profile in these cases. This study will provide insight into the common species distribution and their clinical presentations with hematological profile. Methods: The present study was conducted at Narayana general hospital and medical college for two years from March 2014 to February 2016. Study was conducted on 400 confirmed cases of malaria with 200 males and 200 females. Clinical presentations with signs and symptoms were noted and laboratory parameters of cases were noted. Results: 127 cases of vivax, 243 cases of falciparum and 30 cases of mixed infections were identified. 41-50 years (33.3%) age group was predominantly affected. Fever was the most common symptom (100%) followed by chills (83%). Pallor was the most common sign (76%) followed by splenomegaly (71%). Cerebral malaria was seen in 42 cases, severe anemia in 82, ARDS in 4 and circulatory collapse in 1 case was identified. ESR, PT, BT and APTT were raised in both falciparum and vivax malaria. Severe thrombocytopenia was identified in 100 cases with petechia and minor bleeding manifestations. Conclusions: To conclude falciparum malaria was more common than vivax malaria in our study with more cases of severe anemia, splenomegaly, cerebral malaria, and severe thrombocytopenia. BT, PT, APTT were raised more in cases of falciparum than vivax malaria. In cases of mixed infections of vivax and falciparum, clinical profile and laboratory indices were more presenting as falciparum than vivax malaria.

/pdf/clinical-profile-laboratory-profile-of-malaria-cases-1fwun5jtru.pdf

Clinical profile, laboratory profile of malaria cases attending a tertiary care hospital in South India: two-year study

Background: Malaria is a mosquito-borne public health problem which alters the blood counts, haptoglobin level and serum lactate dehydrogenase (sLDH) activity of the infected individuals. Some of the alterations are associated risk factors in malaria pathology. This study aims at elucidating changes in blood counts, sLDH activity and haptoglobin level in malaria infected subjects seen in a Tertiary Health Institution in Nnewi, as search for associated risk factors in malaria pathology. Methods: This cross sectional study enrolled 270 age matched subjects between 18-65 years. The test group (200) who tested positive to P. falciparium was placed into two groups based on their parasite counts with cut-off of ≥1000 parasites x 10/L. Group one (100) had counts above the cut-off and group two (100) below. The control (70) was aparasitemic. The demographic data were noted and 4mls of blood drawn. 2mls in K3EDTA was for FBC testing using Mythic 22 hematology analyzer, and remaining dispensed into plain tubes was for sLDH assay by kinetic method and haptoglobin by ELISA technique. Results: The HCT, Hb, RBC and Platelet count of test were progressively significantly lowered (p=0.001) compared to control, with an intra-significant difference among the 3 groups (p<0.05), also the parameters were found to have an inverse significant relationship (p=0.001) to the parasite counts. This trend was also seen with haptoglobin while reverse was the case with LDH activity which rather increased significantly (p = 0.000) at opposite direction as parasite density increases. Conclusions: This study show that the degree of intravascular haemolysis is directly influenced by the parasite density, this portends that high endemicity and perennial parasiteamia in the study area could cause chronic anaemia and thrombocytopenia in the population studied.

Changes in blood counts, serum lactate dehydrogenase activity and haptoglobin level in malaria infected subjects in Nnewi, Anambra state, Nigeria

Background: Malaria is one of the most widespread diseases in the world. It is endemic in 91 countries. Each year 300-500 million cases of malaria are confirmed with 1.5-2.7 million deaths. Malaria is a major public health problem in Africa. A large number of united nations troops are deployed in central Africa making them vulnerable to malaria infection. Present study was undertaken to find out the clinical and laboratory findings of malaria cases in a United Nation’s referral hospital in Central Africa.Methods: It is a retrospective study of 150 confirmed and treated cases of malaria for a period of one year in a referral hospital for peace keeping troops and employees of United Nations in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Patients positive by ICT or slide positive were included. Detailed history, examination and lab features of these patients were recorded and analyzed.Results: A total of 150 patients were included in the study. Out of which 145 patients were of pure P. falciparum malaria, 02 patients had only P. vivax, and 03 patients were having mixed malaria. Fever was the main symptoms found in all patients. Headache was the second most predominant symptoms in (70%) patients. Other signs and symptoms were vomiting (31%), myalgia (38%), jaundice (10%), hepatosplenomegaly (15%), pallor (42%) and decreased urine output (8%). Duration of symptoms was between 4 to 15 days. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 43% patients. Jaundice in (10%), transaminitis in (25%). Anaemia was seen in 53% patients.Conclusions: Malaria was found to be the most common cause of admission in our hospital. It is important to suspect malaria in all persons deployed in DRC and presenting with fever and associated headache, jaundice, transaminitis and thrombocytopenia. Early diagnosis and treatment can be lifesaving to prevent complications and mortality.

/pdf/clinicopathological-profile-of-malaria-patients-in-an-2lh3a12tit.pdf

Clinicopathological profile of malaria patients in an Central African United Nations hospital

INTRODUCTION: Malaria is a major health concern across the world and is endemic in our country. It is imperative for us to know the varied manifestations and lab features both classically described and rare features for early detection of this disease and further treatment. This study was undertaken to study the clinical features, lab features and complications of malaria in a tertiary care centre. METHODOLOGY: It is a retrospective study done on 75 cases of confirmed and treated cases of malaria for a period of one year in KIMS hospital, Bangalore. Detailed history examination and lab features of these patients were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 75 cases of confirmed malaria were treated during study period of which 57(76%) were males Out of 75 cases 46(61%) had vivax malaria infection, 10(13%) had falciparum infection and 19(26%) had mixed infections of falciparum and vivax. In all 3 groups more number of cases was seen in age group of 18 - 40 years. fever was the major presentation (100%) in the patients and Pain abdomen along with fever seen in 15 (20%) patients. Head ache was another predominant complaint in 35(46.6%) On examination Icterus was seen in 11 (14.6%) patients Pallor was seen in 13(17.3%) patients Systolic BP of 2ULN) was seen in 9(12%) patients Out of these 6(8%) patients had severe malaria as defined by WHO category of severe malaria. CONCLUSIONS: Being more vigilant and well versed with the varied presentations/lab features of malaria and anticipating complications early, effective treatment can be instituted thus reducing the morbidity and mortality of this endemic

http://www.jemds.com/data_pdf/viswanatha%20K.pdf

Study of clinical an d laboratory profile of malaria

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Study of clinical an d laboratory profile of malaria