Citizenship and the embodied practice of wheelchair use

This thesis offers an analysis of labour relations and social space in the
tea gardens of north-east India. Existing literature provides us with an
understanding of how the plantations operate as economic spaces, but in
so doing they treat workers as undifferentiated economic beings defined
only by their class identity. Space, however, has to be animated to be
meaningful. Through participant observation and semi-structured
interviews I explore the plantations as actual lived spaces where people
are bound by and resist constraints. Multiple intersecting identities play
out within these social spaces making them ethnic, religious, and caste
spaces in addition to being gendered. Focusing on these intersectional
identities, I demonstrate how region, ethnicity, party affiliation, caste,
religion are played out and how they are invoked at certain points by the
women workers. The articulations of identity not only determine a sense
of belonging or non-belonging to a space but also how one belongs.
Within the physical sites of the plantation, I examine how the women
perceive these spaces and how, in moving between ideas of home/world,
public/private, these very binaries are negated. The strict sexual division
of labour primarily in the workplace but also in the household and
villages inscribe the physical sites with certain gendered meanings and
performances. The women negotiate these in their everyday lives and
shape these spaces even as they are shaped by them. Conditioned by
gender norms and the resultant hierarchy their narratives can be read as
stories of deprivation and misery, but looking deeper their agency can
also be uncovered. The lives of my research participants show how the
social spaces within which they operate are not static; in spite of spatial
controls there are the many minute acts of resistance through which the
women work the existing restraints to their least disadvantage. Focussing
on the minute acts of insubordination, deceit and even confrontation I
elucidate how the women made use of the relations of subordination to
pave spaces of resistance and sometimes even of autonomy. Furthermore,
not all acts of agency are minute or unspectacular. I map instances of
highly visible, volatile and aggressive protests apparently challenging the
accepted social codes within which they function. In expressing
themselves, the women use the available political repertories of protest in
forms of strikes, blockades, street plays, etc. Through these instances of
activism they appropriate and become visible in the public realm and
challenge the accepted ways in which social spaces and norms play out.
Despite their articulate nature, these protests usually seek to address
immediate demands and do not escalate into social movements. Also
while volatile in action, the protests seek legitimacy within the accepted
gender codes that operate in their everyday life in the plantation.

Nurturing resistance : agency and activism of women tea plantation workers in a gendered space

Статья посвящена теоретическому осмыслению феномена социальной сети и методологии его исследования. Социальная сеть рассматривается как абстрактный идеально-типический конструкт, дающий возможность выйти на уровень предельного обобщения имеющихся знаний о сетях и разработать универсальные средства проведения аналитических операций с объектами сетевой природы. К таким средствам отнесен методологический аппарат социальной топологии. Установлены критерии демаркации системного и сетевого, системного и топологического подходов. С авторских позиций условного деления социальной топологии на топологию пространства и топологию формы, восходящего к трудам Курта Левина, Пьера Бурдье и Рене Тома, произведен анализ применения топологического инструментария в исследованиях основных направлений сетевого подхода: анализа социальных сетей, реляционной социологии, акторно-сетевой теории. Выяснено, что к использованию пространственной топологии с разной степенью активности тяготеют исследования анализа социальных сетей и реляционной социологии. Топология формы, в свою очередь, разрабатывается только в контексте акторно-сетевой теории, прежде всего в работах Джона Ло и его последователей. На основе сделанных путем аналитических операций выводов утверждается, что назрела необходимость разработки комплексной синтетической топологии, вбирающей в себя все количественно-качественные достижения отдельных топологических взглядов. Использование такого теоретико-методологического каркаса способно раскрыть в перспективе новые грани осмысления социальных сетей.

Сетевой подход: между топологиями пространства и формы

The emergence of ethnic self-awareness in pre-school children and tendencies of its development in an information society are depicted by means of building a frame-based cognitive model. In accordance with socio-cognitive approach, the cognitive model is characterized by a system of frames, reflecting the mechanics of knowledge integrity about the educational process being analyzed. In accordance with cyberlinguistic approach to preschool children’s ethnic self-awareness development in information society, a linguistic system of frames is used. And drawing on the comparative historical method and the method of semantic parallels, there has been defined the concept of «pre-school children’s ethnic self-awareness».

Cognitive Model of Pre-School Children Ethnic Self-Awareness Development in the Context of Information Society

Es gibt kaum einen Soziologen, der nicht irgend etwas von Goffman gelesen hatte, „ganz sicher aber sind seine Arbeiten oft die einzigen Kontakte, die Anthropologen, Strafrechtler, Psychologen, Psychiater, Kriminologen und andere Sozialwissenschaftler mit der Soziologie gehabt haben.“ (Williams 1986, S. 349f.) Wer war Erving Goffman? Er wurde 1922 in der kanadischen Kleinstadt Manville (Alberta) als Sohn judischer Eltern geboren. Er studierte Soziologie zunachst in Toronto und dann in Chicago.1 Nach seinem Studium arbeitete er an der Universitat in Edinburgh. In den Jahren 1949–1951 fuhrte er Feldforschungen auf den Shetland-Inseln nordlich von Schottland durch. Mit dem Ergebnis dieser Studien, das den Titel „Communication conduct in an island community“ trug, wurde er im Jahre 1953 in Chicago promoviert. Ein Betreuer dieser Arbeit war Anselm L. Strauss. Sein erstes Buch erschien im Jahre 1959 unter dem Titel „The presentation of self in everyday life“. Es ist sicher seine beruhmteste Arbeit gewesen und das soziologische Buch, das am haufigsten auserhalb der Soziologie weltweit zitiert wird.

Erving Goffman: Techniken der Präsentation

The works of a British sociologist of science and technology, Professor of the University of Lancaster John Law, are practically unknown to a Russian reader. However, presently John Law is recognized as a theorist (working in the framework of actor-network theory) and at the same time as an eminent researcher in the domain of «Science and technology studies». This brief article is a preface of the first Russian language publication of J. Law’s fundamental oeuvre «Objects and Spaces».

John Law: sociology between semiotics and topology

This article is dedicated to the memory of Erving Goffman. This is both an outline of his intellectual biography and an attempt to apply the technique of the frame-analysis he proposed to the understanding of the nature of scientific communication (including the episodes of scientific communication Goffman himself was a part of). Along with historical-theoretical issues the article raises the questions of the analytical character itself: how do the “biographical” and “theoretical” frames combine? How do biographers create the visibility of the connection of the author’s research and “the unique features of his personality”? Under what rules and what communicative frames is the “production” of classic organized?

In memoriam Erving Goffman

Interest in everyday life has been rekindled in modern social theory under the influence of «practice turn». In a series of popular theoretical works the notion «practice» pretends to have the status of a universal explanatory category, and everyday life is interpreted as an intersection of more or less structured flows of interaction. However, there is a hidden distinction behind this «more or less» view, which is ignored by the «practice turn» adherents. Switching over from segments of activity to a form of their organization, and consistent study of structure and syntax of interaction bring about an alternative «non-practical» logic of comprehending everyday reality. This logic is traditionally connected with the late works of Erving Goffman and, particularly, his theory of frames. The article presents a review of Goffman’s cult book «Frame Analysis: an Essay on the Organization of Experience», which caused development of frame-analysis in sociology of everyday life.

Sociology of everyday life: from practice to frame. Book review: Erving Goffman. Frame Analysis. M.: Institute of Sociology RAS, 2003

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John Law: sociology between semiotics and topology

In memoriam Erving Goffman

Sociology of everyday life: from practice to frame. Book review: Erving Goffman. Frame Analysis. M.: Institute of Sociology RAS, 2003