Electroactive surfactant designed to mediate electron transfer between CdSe nanocrystals and organic semiconductors

The aim of this review is to present reactions of carbon disulfide with N-nucleophiles which form nitrogen-carbon bonds. Compounds with an amino or imino group react, in the presence of a base, with carbon disulfide to give dithiocarbamates. They can be converted to esters on treatment with an alkylation reagent. Acidification affords dithiocarbamic acids. Dithiocarbazates are formed on treatment of hydrazines with carbon disulfide. A lot of dithiocarboxylation products are valuable building blocks for heterocycles.

Reactions of carbon disulfide with N-nucleophiles

Das Konzept der Elektronen-Transfer-Katalyse (ETC) oder, etwas spezifischer, der zweifachen Aktivierung durch Ein-Elektronen-Ubertragung (DAISET) eroffnet die Moglichkeit, scheinbar nicht zusammenhangende experimentelle Befunde miteinander zu verknupfen. Bei der ersten Aktivierung nimmt das Substrat ein Elektron auf oder gibt ein Elektron ab; bei der zweiten Aktivierung bildet sich eine Reaktionskette, die das im ersten Schritt erzeugte Teilchen standig reproduziert. Der Beitrag beginnt mit einer Diskussion des SRN1-Mechanismus. Beispiele fur die Anwendung des Konzepts sind thermische und photochemische Austauschreaktionen an PtIV-Komplexen, die Austauschreaktion [AuCl4]−/Cl−, Umsetzungen von Grignard- und anderen Organometall-Reagentien sowie das Redoxverhalten elektronisch angeregter organischer Verbindungen. Photochemische Anwendungsmoglichkeiten schliesen die potentielle Nutzung der Sonnenenergie ein. Neue Aspekte ergeben sich auch fur das mechanistische Problem „SN2-Reaktion oder SET-Prozes?” Das Konzept hat auserdem Bedeutung fur SH2-Reaktionen am Metallzentrum, Molekul-induzierte Homolysen, Reaktionen von Komplexen sowie elektrochemische Vorgange. — Sofern nicht anders vermerkt, werden in diesem Beitrag nur Doppelaktivierungs-(DAISET-)Prozesse erortert.

ETC: Ein mechanistisches Konzept für Anorganische und Organische Chemie†‡

Publisher Summary Reactions of azines with bifunctional nucleophiles can give rise to several cycloadducts, the structure depending on the nature of reagents, the structure of the azine substrate, and the reaction conditions. Three types of cycloadducts are proposed to be formed in reactions of azines with such 1,3-N,C-dinucleophiles as acetamidines and acetimino esters. Ortho-cyclization products can usually be isolated, while meta- and para-bridged cycloadducts are unstable and are often transformed into other heterocyclic systems. Their presence as intermediates can, however, often is rationalized by spectroscopic methods or 15 N-labeling studies. Many of the reactions discussed provide a very convenient synthetic route to a great variety of azine derivatives. It seems to be a very interesting and promising area of heterocyclic chemistry and there is no doubt that further investigations into this field also allow new syntheses of useful compounds to be developed.

Reactions of azines with bifunctional nucleophiles: Cyclizations and ring transformations.

Publisher Summary This chapter includes monographs and reviews published during the period 1979-1986, and is not restricted to reviews in English. Sources in Russian, German, Japanese, French, Czech, Polish, and other languages are surveyed and classified. The survey is based mainly on short bibliographic articles published by the author and co-workers in the Soviet journal Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii (Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds) since 1979. Several important reviews and monographs published before 1979 in languages other than English are also included. Although all the references are given to original publications, other journals also have informative abstracts and their schemes, also lists of the references are quite understandable and very useful.

The Literature of Heterocyclic Chemistry, Part III

A new radical-anionic chain mechanism of nucleophilic substitution at aliphatic, aromatic, and unsaturated carbon atoms is examined (the SRN1 mechanism of nucleophilic substitution). The bibliography includes 133 references.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1070/RC1979v048n05ABEH002336/pdf

A New Mechanism of Nucleophilic Substitution

Data on the reactions involving the addition of dithiocarboxylic, dithiocarbamic, and other heterosubstituted dithio-acids to compounds with a multiple bond are surveyed. It is shown that the character of the addition depends on the nature of the dithio-acid: dithiocarbamic and xanthic acids add via an ionic mechanism, while for dithiocarboxylic acids there is a possibility also of radical addition as well as cycloaddition together with the ionic addition. The bibliography includes 126 references.

Reactions Involving the Addition of Dithio-acids to Unsaturated Compounds

Advances in the Chemistry of Ambident Enolate and Phenoxide Ions

Addition Reactions of Dithioacids with Unsaturated Compounds

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A New Mechanism of Nucleophilic Substitution

Reactions Involving the Addition of Dithio-acids to Unsaturated Compounds

Advances in the Chemistry of Ambident Enolate and Phenoxide Ions

Addition Reactions of Dithioacids with Unsaturated Compounds