The antidiabetic activity of two low doses of Moringa seed powder (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, in the diet) on streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes male rats was investigated. Forty rats were divided into four groups. The diabetic positive control (STZ treated) group showed increased lipid peroxide, increased IL-6, and decreased antioxidant enzyme in the serum and kidney tissue homogenate compared with that of the negative control group. Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG), fasting blood sugar, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were also increased as a result of diabetes in G2 rats. Moreover albumin was decreased, and liver enzymes and α-amylase were not affected. In addition, the renal functions and potassium and sodium levels in G2 were increased as a sign of diabetic nephropathy. Urine analysis showed also glucosuria and increased potassium, sodium, creatinine, uric acid, and albumin levels. Kidney and pancreas tissues showed also pathological alteration compared to the negative control group. Treating the diabetic rats with 50 or 100 mg Moringa seeds powder/kg body weight in G3 and G4, respectively, ameliorated the levels of all these parameters approaching the negative control values and restored the normal histology of both kidney and pancreas compared with that of the diabetic positive control group.

https://downloads.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/381040.pdf

The antidiabetic effect of low doses of Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds on streptozotocin induced diabetes and diabetic nephropathy in male rats.

The genus Moringa Adans. comprises 13 species, of which Moringa oleifera Lam. native to India and cultivated across the world owing to its drought and frost resistance habit is widely used in traditional phytomedicine and as rich source of essential nutrients. Wide spectrum of phytochemical ingredients among leaf, flower, fruit, seed, seed oil, bark, and root depend on cultivar, season, and locality. The scientific studies provide insights on the use of M. oleifera with different aqueous, hydroalcoholic, alcoholic, and other organic solvent preparations of different parts for therapeutic activities, that is, antibiocidal, antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cardio-protective, hepato-protective, neuro-protective, tissue-protective, and other biological activities with a high degree of safety. A wide variety of alkaloid and sterol, polyphenols and phenolic acids, fatty acids, flavanoids and flavanol glycosides, glucosinolate and isothiocyanate, terpene, anthocyanins etc. are believed to be responsible for the pragmatic effects. Seeds are used with a view of low-cost biosorbent and coagulant agent for the removal of metals and microbial contamination from waste water. Thus, the present review explores the use of M. oleifera across disciplines for its prominent bioactive ingredients, nutraceutical, therapeutic uses and deals with agricultural, veterinarian, biosorbent, coagulation, biodiesel, and other industrial properties of this "Miracle Tree."

Biological, nutritional, and therapeutic significance of Moringa oleifera Lam

Nutritional and medicinal applications of Moringa oleifera Lam.—Review of current status and future possibilities

Moringa oleifera is a valued medicinal plant in traditional folk medicine. Many pharmacological studies have shown the ability of this plant to exhibit analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, anticancer, antioxidant, nootropic, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, anti-ulcer, cardiovascular, anti-obesity, antiepileptic, antiasthmatic, antidiabetic, anti-urolithiatic, diuretic, local anesthetic, anti-allergic, anthelmintic, wound healing, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and antidiarrheal properties. This review is a comprehensive summary of the phytochemical and pharmacological activities as well as the traditional and therapeutic uses of this plant. M. oleifera has wide traditional and pharmacological uses in various pathophysiological conditions. We will review the various properties of M. oleifera (drumstick tree) and focus on its various medicinal properties. We think that it is an attractive subject for further experimental and clinical investigations.

A Review of the Phytochemical and Pharmacological Characteristics of Moringa oleifera.

Assessment of the antiulcer potential of Moringa oleifera root-bark extract in rats.

Abstract Drug distribution relies heavily on polymers, which also offer a variety of benefits like controlled release, targeted release, prolonged release, etc. Due to their low toxicity and great safety, biodegradable polymers are highly preferred. The exopolysaccharide known as pullulan is generated from a fungus known as Aureobasidium pullulan. It has many different qualities, including biodegradability, appropriate adhesion, antioxidant, film-forming capacity, blood compatibility, mucosal adhesion, etc. However, its application in the pharmaceutical industry is restricted by its insolubility in organic solvents, mechanical characteristics, and lack of macromolecule-carrying ability groups. This review provides an overview of the modifications made to pullulan, including periodate oxidation, etherification, esterification, sulfation, urethane derivatization, PEG incorporation, and cationization, to enhance its solubility in organic solvents, mechanical properties, pH sensitivity, drug delivery, anticoagulant, and antimicrobial properties. Pullulan has nine active hydroxyl groups in its structure that react chemically that can be used for physicochemical modification to produce pullulan derivatives. A key area of pullulan research has been pullulan modification, which has demonstrated enhanced solubility, pH-sensitive targeting, broadened horizons for delivery systems, anticoagulation, and antibacterial properties.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/10717544.2022.2144544?needAccess=true

Pullulan based derivatives: synthesis, enhanced physicochemical properties, and applications

Article history: Objective: To investigate aqueous extract of bark of Moringa oleifera for normal wound healing and dexamethasone suppressed wound healing using incision, excision and dead space wound models in Wistar rats. Methods: In incision and dead space the extracts were applied daily topically till the 10th post wounding days while in excision model it was till the complete epithelialization process. Standard group were treated with Povidone iodine ointment topically daily. The breaking strength, percentage of wound contraction, period of epithelialization, dry granulation weight and hydroxyproline content were observed. Results: The aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera significantly increased the wound breaking strength in incision wound model. The aqueous extract treated wounds were found to epithelize faster and the rate of wound contraction was significantly increased as compared to control wounds. Significant increase in granulation breaking strength and hydroxyproline content in dead space wound was observed. The aqueous extract significantly decreased the antihealing activities of dexamethasone in all the wound models. Conclusions: The results indicated that the aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera promotes wound healing significantly and able to overcome the wound healing suppressing action of dexamethasone.

https://miracletrees.org/moringa-doc/moringa-wound-prohealing-activity.pdf

Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. on normal and dexamethasone suppressed wound healing

The present review describes the morphological, phytochemical and pharmacology aspects of Boerhaavia diffusa (Nyctaginaceae). The whole plant or its specific parts (leaves, stem, and roots) are known to have medicinal properties and have a long history of use by indigenous and tribal people in India. B. diffusa is used as an Ayurvedic medicine in India and Unani medicine in Arab countries for the treatment of diabetes, stress, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, inflammation, jaundice, enlargement of spleen and congestive heart failure. The medicinal value of this plant in the treatment of a large number of human ailments is mentioned in Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita, and Sushrita Samhita. The medicinal value of this plant in the treatment of a large number of human ailments is mentioned in Ayurveda, Charaka Samhita, and Sushrita Samhita. So, an overview of phytochemical and pharmacological properties is given in the present paper.

/pdf/pharmacological-properties-of-boerhaavia-diffusa-a-review-rlm9wzje5n.pdf

Pharmacological properties of boerhaavia diffusa - a review

Objectives: The phytochemicals in Moringa oleifera barks were qualitatively identified in the aqueous and ethanol extracts. The acute oral toxicity of Moringa oleifera aqueous and ethanol extracts were done as per OECD guidelines 423.  Methods: The barks were harvested during dry season and air dried. Extractions using ethanol and water were done. The harvested phytochemicals were qualitatively identified using standard chemicals procedures.  Acute toxicity was done on 3 male and 3 female Wistar rats  which  were  administered  an  initial  dose  of  300  mg/kg  body  weight followed  by  2000  mg/kg  &  5000  mg/kg  body  weight. The animals were observed for signs of convulsions, tremors, circling, depression, excitement and mortality. Body weight was recorded at 0,7 th and 14 th day and plasma total protein, blood sugar level, total cholesterol, SGOT & SGPT were measured to evaluate the toxicity of the extracts. Results: The phytochemicals identified were steroids and triterponoids, saponins, alkaloids, and carbohydrates. No abnormal sign of symptoms were observed in any of the animal fed with aqueous and ethanol extracts at the dose rate of 300 mg/kg body weight, 2000 mg/kg body weight & 5000 mg/kg body weight. No mortality was observed in any of the animals. Conclusion: M. oleifera barks, ethanol and aqueous extracts contain steroids and triterpenoids,   saponins, alkaloids and carbohydrates. The administration of M. oleifera ethanolic and water extracts are safest & has no adverse effect on growth related and biochemical parameters indicating its safety.

/pdf/phytochemicals-and-acute-toxicity-of-moringa-oleifera-barks-201bpbt9vx.pdf

Phytochemicals and acute toxicity of moringa oleifera barks in rats

Summary The present review describes the morphological, phytochemical and pharmacology aspects of Ficus racemosa (Moraceae). It is an evergreen, moderate to large sized spreading, lactiferous, deciduous tree, without much prominent aerial roots found throughout greater part of India. It is popular in indigenious system of medicine like ayurveda, siddha, unani and homoeopathy. In the traditional system of medicine various plant parts such as bark, root, leaves, fruits and latex are used in wound healing, dysentry, diarrohoea, diabeties, stomachache, piles and as carminative and astringent and also as antioxidant and anticancer agent. So, an overview of phytochemical and pharmacological properties are given in the present paper.

/pdf/pharmacological-properties-of-ficus-racemosa-a-review-4iincpydqm.pdf

Pharmacological properties of ficus racemosa - a review

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