Driven by the need to engineer robust surface coatings for medical devices to prevent infection and sepsis, incorporation of nanoparticles has surfaced as a promising avenue to enhance non-fouling efficacy. Microbial synthesis of such nanoscale metallic structures is of substantive interest as this can offer an eco-friendly, cost-effective and sustainable route for further development. Here we present a Mucor hiemalis-derived fungal route for synthesis of silver nanoparticles, which display significant antimicrobial properties when tested against six pathological bacterial strains (Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas brassicacearum, Aeromonas hydrophila, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus) and three pathological fungal strains (Candida albicans, oxysporum, and Aspergillus flavus). These antimicrobial attributes were comparable to those of established antibiotics (streptomycin, tetracycline, kanamycin and rifampicin) and fungicides (amphotericin B, fluconazole and ketoconazole), respectively. Importantly, these nanoparticles show significant synergistic characteristics when combined with the antibiotics and fungicides to offer substantially greater resistance to microbial growth. The blend of antibacterial and antifungal properties, coupled with their intrinsic “green” and facile synthesis, makes these biogenic nanoparticles particularly attractive for future applications in nanomedicine ranging from topical ointments and bandages for wound healing to coated stents.

/pdf/leveraging-the-attributes-of-mucor-hiemalis-derived-silver-15mvtvoynh.pdf

Leveraging the Attributes of Mucor hiemalis-Derived Silver Nanoparticles for a Synergistic Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Platform.

Biogenic silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have supple platforms designed for biomedical and therapeutic intervention. Utilization of Ag NPs are preferred in the field of biomedicines and material science research because of their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancerous activity along with their eco-friendly, biocompatible, and cost-effective nature. Here we present a novel fungus Piriformospora indica as an excellent source for obtaining facile and reliable Ag NPs with a high degree of consistent morphology. We demonstrated their cytotoxic property, coupled with their intrinsic characteristic that make these biogenic nanoparticles suitable for the anticancerous activity. In vitro cytotoxicity of biologically synthesized Ag NPs (BSNPs) and chemically synthesized Ag NPs (SNPs) was screened on various cancer cell lines, such as Human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), Human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), Human liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines and embryonic kidney cell line (HEK-293) as normal cell lines. The antiproliferative outcome revealed that the BSNPs exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 followed by HeLa and HepG2 cell lines as compared to SNPs. The blend of cytotoxic properties, together with green and cost-effective characteristics make up these biogenic nanoparticles for their potential applications in cancer nanomedicine and fabrication coating of ambulatory and non-ambulatory medical devices.

Illuminating the Anticancerous Efficacy of a New Fungal Chassis for Silver Nanoparticle Synthesis.

In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) green synthesized using the aqueous extracts of agar seaweeds (Gracilaria corticata and G. edulis) and carrageenan seaweeds (Hypnea musciformis and Spyridia hypnoides) were found effective (antibacterial activity) against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri and X. oryzae pv. oryzae and antifungal activity against Ustilaginoidea virens under in vitro condition. The synthesis of AgNPs due to the reduction of Ag + to Ag 0 observed by the colour change from pale yellow to brown was recorded between 410 nm and 430 nm. The aliphatic amine, alcohols, ether, carboxylic acids, anhydrides and cyclic peptides recorded in the AgNPs by FTIR spectra are the functional groups of protein and sulphated polysaccharides (agar and carrageenan) which involved in the reduction reaction, stability and capping of the NPs. The AgNPs of spherical shape with average size of 37 nm, 54 nm, 53 nm and 49 nm synthesized by G. corticata, G. edulis, H. musciformis and S. hypnoides respectively, were characterized. The DLS study reveals the property of agglomeration instead aggregation in a liquid medium concluding that the AgNPs synthesized using these four red seaweeds found to be a suitable source for nanopesticide formulation.

Nanopesticidal potential of silver nanocomposites synthesized from the aqueous extracts of red seaweeds

Comparative analytical characterization and in vitro cytogenotoxic activity evaluation of Asplenium scolopendrium L. leaves and rhizome extracts prior to and after Ag nanoparticles phytosynthesis

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/553/1/012015/pdf

Plant Biostimulants, Seaweeds Extract as a Model (Article Review)

Brown algal polysaccharide: Alginate and its biotechnological perspectives

The present study investigated the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles by two species of brown seaweeds (Padina tetrastromatica and Turbinaria ornata) through analytical techniques and its antimicrobial activity. The brown seaweeds, P. tetrastromatica and T. ornata were collected from Mandabam, The collected freshly seaweeds were thoroughly washed in distilled water. About 20 grams of seaweeds were weighed with distilled water. This was boiled in hot plate at 100 0C. After reaching the boiling point of the water, the seaweed extracts were obtained in yellowish and it was stored in clean and sterile screw tubes for further studies. The color formation of silver and gold nanoparticles was confirmed by visual observation and UV-Vis absorption spectrum. The size of the nanoparticles was determined by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The possible group responsible for the synthesis was confirmed by FTIR. Silver and gold nanoparticles were observed for antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. Appearance of brown and ruby red color was an indication of silver and gold nanoparticles respectively and it was further confirmed by UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Scanning electron microscopy and Dynamic light scattering analysis revealed the particles with cubical shape with size of 18-90 nm for silver and 20-90 nm for gold. The silver and gold nanoparticles appeared to be associated with chemicals like as hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, probably aromatic alcohols and amines. The antibacterial activity of nanoparticles was more pronounced than antifungal activity. The work suggested a quick, easy and efficient synthesis of antimicrobial silver and gold nanoparticles by brown seaweed extracts as reducing agents.

https://www.plantsjournal.com/archives/2014/vol2issue4/PartB/5.1-978.pdf

Purification of silver and gold nanoparticles from two species of brown seaweeds (Padina tetrastromatica and Turbinaria ornata)

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Brown algal polysaccharide: Alginate and its biotechnological perspectives

Purification of silver and gold nanoparticles from two species of brown seaweeds (Padina tetrastromatica and Turbinaria ornata)