Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important food legume and heat stress affects chickpea ontogeny over a range of environments. Generally, chickpea adapts to high temperatures through an escape mechanism. However, heat stress during reproductive development can cause significant yield loss. The most important effects on the reproductive phase that affect pod set, seed set and yield are: (1) flowering time, (2) asynchrony of male and female floral organ development, and (3) impairment of male and female floral organs. While this review emphasises the importance of high temperatures >30°C, the temperature range of 32–35°C during flowering also produces distinct effects on grain yield. Recent field screening at ICRISAT have identified several heat-tolerant germplasm, which can be used in breeding programs for improving heat tolerance in chickpea. Research on the impact of heat stress in chickpea is not extensive. This review describes the status of chickpea production, the effects of high temperature on chickpea, and the opportunities for genetic improvement of chickpea tolerance to high temperatures.

/pdf/high-temperature-tolerance-in-chickpea-and-its-implications-2vmo3osgad.pdf

High temperature tolerance in chickpea and its implications for plant improvement

II TABLE OF CONTENT V LIST OF TABLES VIII LIST OF FIGURES XI ABBREVIATION XIV ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XV CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 4 2.

The basis of chickpea heat tolerance under semi-arid environments

English and Hindi) Bibliography I – XXVI

Variability, stability and selection response analysis for yield and yield attributing traits in chickpea

Study on rice as a main crop and chickpea as a companion crop relay intercropping in an additive series experiment in rain fed lowland ecosystem of Fogera vertisols was conducted for two consecutive years to test the rice-chick pea relay intercropping planting method and to determine the optimum proportion for component crops in rice- chick pea relay intercropping on transplanted rice. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design with three replications. Five seed rates of chick pea relayed intercropped in between rows of transplanted rice and one sole rice were tested i.e. full recommended seed rate of chick pea relay intercropped in between rows of transplanted rice, two-third of the recommended seed rate of chick pea relay intercropped in between rows of transplanted rice, two-third of the recommended seed rate of chick pea relay intercropped in between alternate rows of transplanted rice, half of the recommended seed rate of chick pea relay intercropped in between rows of transplanted rice, half of the recommended seed rate of chick pea relay intercropped in between alternate rows of transplanted rice and the sole transplanted rice used as comparison. Rice yield and yield component data were statistically subjected to analysis of variance using SAS-JMP-5 software. All growth, yield and yield component of rice did not significantly affected by additive relay intercropping and seed proportion in rice-chickpea relay intercropping systems. However, the study conducted for two consecutive years at all test sits confirmed that chick pea after twenty to thirty days from the planting time was completely dried and unable to gave seed yield from rice-chickpea relay intercropping experiment. Hence, under current crop management practice of rice at Fogera vertisol areas, chickpea cannot replace the grass pea in rice-grass pea relay intercropping system (farmers practice); and relay intercropping of chickpea with rice is not economically important for farmers to increase the yield potential and land use efficiency. It needs intensive Agronomy research on rice-chickpea intercropping systems and breeding on both component crops.

/pdf/rice-oryza-sativa-and-chickpea-cicer-aritinum-l-relay-xbpj9rgda1.pdf

Rice (Oryza Sativa) and Chickpea (Cicer aritinum L) Relay Intercropping Systems in an Additive Series Experiment in Rain Fed Lowland Ecosystem of Fogera Vertisols

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a salt sensitive leguminous crop species, but some genetic variation for salinity tolerance exists. The experiment was conducted in pots, in which fifteen genotypes of chickpea were subjected to 0, 40 or 60 mM NaCl added to the soil to determine the variation in salt tolerance. Photosynthetic rate were measured in the reproductive of both saline and nonsaline condition. The results showed photosynthesis rate decreased under both the salinity levels. The genotypes CSG 8962, L 550 and JG 16 are found the most tolerant among studied genotypes under both salinity levels (S1 and S2). The HKT1 gene was expressed higher in susceptible genotype (K 850) in leaves and roots under both the salinity levels. P5CS gene was expressed higher in susceptible genotype (K 850) in leaves tissue. In root tissue, no expression was observed. LEA2 gene was detectable under the water deficit condition in leaves and roots under both the salinity levels. The transcription factor WRKY and NAC were expressed higher in leaves and roots in tolerant genotype CSG 8962. The genotype CSG 8962 showed high levels of tolerance compared for the other cultivars. The results suggest that chickpea cultivars tolerant of salinity have better growth potential than do sensitive ones.

Effect of Salinity stress on Photosynthesis and expression of salt tolerant genes in Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.)

Genetic enhancement of stress tolerance in chickpea: present status and future prospects

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Genetic enhancement of stress tolerance in chickpea: present status and future prospects