Model treatment of double layer charging in electroactive polymer films with two kinds of charge carriers

Mixed, i.e. electronic and ionic, conducting materials have been known for a rather long time although their full potential was not always understood. As an example, a conducting polymer such as polyaniline is the oldest conjugated known polymer; it was first reported in 1862 by Letheby.(1) In 1910, polyaniline was described as an octamer existing in four different states(2) and it was later analysed for its electrical properties by Jozefowicz.(3) Later, many works were devoted to conducting polymers and more generally to electroactive materials especially in the form of thin films deposited on a metallic electrode.

AC-Electrogravimetry Investigation in Electroactive Thin Films

Electrodeposition and dissolution of yttrium-hexacyanoferrate layers

Stability-enhanced indium hexacyanoferrate electrodes: Morphological characterization, in situ EQCM analysis in nonaqueous electrolytes and application to a WO3 electrochromic device

A polycrystalline gold surface was modified with 2-benzo[c]cinnoline (BCC) in nonaqueous media using cyclic voltammetry. A multilayer BCC nanofilm at the gold surface was formed by the electrochemical reduction of 2-benzo[c]cinnoline diazonium salt (BCC-DAS). Grafting of BCC molecules onto the gold surface was verified by cyclic voltammetry using various redox probes, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The BCC film thickness was measured by ellipsometry and calculated as 46 nm indicating a multilayer film formation. The stability and the potential range of the novel Au-BCC modified electrode were also studied in open atmosphere and pure water. The working potential range of Au-BCC electrode was found to be between −1.8 and +1.6 V.

Analysis of 2-Benzo[c]cinnoline Nanofilm at the Gold Surface

Indium hexacyanoferrate films, voltammetric and impedance characterization

Modern progress in photopharmocology calls for new generation of compounds joining bioactivity, photoswitchable properties and high selectivity of response to light wavelength. Introduced here, phosphonate–fullerene hybrids are the first representatives of such compounds. Phosphonate–fullerene hybrids were synthesized on a base of fullerene C60 and organophosphates with the function of photoswitchable cholinesterase activity—phosphorylated thiazolotriazole and aminomalonate compounds and studied with FTIR, UV–VIS spectroscopy and IPC‐micro neurotoxin amperometric analysis. As a result of spectroscopic and bioactivity characterization, it was not only demonstrated butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) inhibition increase in phosphonate–fullerene hybrids compared with pure phosphonates but also pronounced response of inhibition degree to laser irradiation of hybrids. It was found opposite behavior of hybrids as a result of laser irradiation—BuChE inhibition drop‐off for thiazolotriazole–fullerene and pronounced growth for aminomalonate–fullerene. The other remarkable peculiarity of presented phosphonate–fullerene hybrids is high selectivity of inhibition change degree to laser wavelength (266 or 325 nm).

Photoswitchable Phosphonate–Fullerene Hybrids with Cholinesterase Activity

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Indium hexacyanoferrate films, voltammetric and impedance characterization

Photoswitchable Phosphonate–Fullerene Hybrids with Cholinesterase Activity