With the advancement in network bandwidth and computing power, multimedia systems have become a popular means for information delivery. However, general principles of system testing cannot be directly applied to testing of multimedia systems on account of their stringent temporal and synchronization requirements. In particular, few studies have been made on the stress testing of multimedia systems with respect to their temporal requirements under resource saturation. Stress testing is important because erroneous behavior is most likely to occur under resource saturation. This paper presents an automatable method of test case generation for the stress testing of multimedia systems. It adapts constraint solving techniques to generate test cases that lead to potential resource saturation in a multimedia system. Coverage of the test cases is defined upon the reachability graph of a multimedia system. The proposed stress testing technique is supported by tools and has been successfully applied to a real-life commercial multimedia system. Although our technique focuses on the stress testing of multimedia systems, the underlying issues and concepts are applicable to other types of real-time systems.

Automated test case generation for the stress testing of multimedia systems

Testing has become an integral part of innovation, production and operation of systems. The activity of testing is already a flourishing area with the active participation of a large community of researchers and experts who are highly aware of its importance and impact for the future deployment and use of software and systems. Formal methods have proved to be very promising for developing automated and generic testing methods. Actually,the combination of formal methods and testing is currently well understood and tools to automate testing activities are widely available. (Formal) testing is the assessment, by means of experiments, that a product conforms to its (formal) requirements. Test cases are designed to test particular aspects of the system, called test objectives. In order to formally obtain testing objectives, it is necessary to provide mathematical models for the semantic of the studied system, formal frameworks for testing, languages to describe the expected properties or requirements of the system in a precise and unambiguous way and methods to generate the expected test cases. In addition, active methods require deploying a test environment(test architecture) to execute test cases and to observe implementation reactions. They may also interrupt the system normal functioning arbitrarily, for example by resetting it after each test case execution. However,when a system is deployed in an integrated environment,it becomes quite difficult to access it. Moreover,active methods may disturb the natural operation of the implementation under test. So, these ones may not be suitable in regards to the tested system. Passive testing represents another interesting alternative, which offers several advantages, for example, to not disturb the system while testing. In this paper we present a survey covering the main approaches to formal testing. We have divided the survey in three parts. First, we distinguish between active and passive approaches to formal testing. Next, we review some of the work on testing the cloud and on testing in the cloud.

/pdf/a-survey-on-formal-active-and-passive-testing-with-5eih2ysf5o.pdf

A survey on formal active and passive testing with applications to the cloud

While multimedia software applications are becoming popular, few studies exist on testing this important class of software, especially with respect to its temporal properties. Traditional software testing techniques mainly deal with functional correctness and cannot be directly applied to testing timing properties. The authors present a framework for testing the generic temporal relations of media objects in distributed multimedia software systems (DMSS). The temporal relations are based on J.F. Allen's (1983) basic binary temporal relations between two objects and extended to cover multiple number of objects in different streams. We have developed techniques for test case generation and test result analysis based on a distributed tester architecture. A prototype system has been built to test a DEC HPAS multimedia presentation system which is a typical multimedia system supporting W3C's SMIL standard. A detailed discussion on practical issues and illustration with a number of actual tests are given. Experimental results have shown that our framework is effective in detecting timing errors. The techniques and methodology are general and can be applied to other DMSS with only minor modification.

Toward generic timing tests for distributed multimedia software systems

Distance learning has become a very important mechanism for virtual university operation. In order to realize such an operation smoothly, it is necessary to consider distance learning from three perspectives: i>administration, i>awareness, and i>assessment. We are currently implementing a virtual university environment according to these guidelines. In this paper, we propose part of such a supporting environment of the Multimedia Macro-University project.1 One of the most important focuses is a Web course development paradigm. Web documents are increasingly playing an important role in our daily life, as the Internet has become a new medium for communication and commerce. On the other hand, software development paradigms were developed to support program construction. However, these traditional paradigms do not completely fit the needs of Web document development due to the following reasons. Firstly, computer programs focus on problem solving, but Web documents focus on information delivery. Secondly, computer programs usually have a fixed size, but this is not true for Web documents, because Web documents are always evolving as if it were a living document. It is therefore necessary to investigate a new software development paradigm for developing Web documents. We propose such a new paradigm and its supporting environment, as well as software testing/metrics mechanisms for Web documents. The Web documents developed using our paradigm are stored in a Web documentation database. From a script description, to its implementation as well as testing records, the database and its interface allow the user to design Web documents as virtual courses to be used in a Web-savvy virtual library. The system is implemented as a three-tier architecture, which runs under MS Windows.

Supporting Well-Engineered Web Documentation Development – a Multimedia Software Engineering Approach toward Virtual University Courseware Designs

With recent advances in network technologies and computing power, multimedia systems have become a popular means for information delivery. However, testing of these systems is difficult. Due to incomplete control of their runtime and communication environment, precise temporal properties of multimedia systems are nonreproducible. Traditional software testing, which mainly deals with functional correctness, cannot be directly applied to testing temporal properties. Furthermore, time points are hard to be measured exactly, and in this sense are nondeterministic and nonreproducible. To address this problem, we propose a framework for testing the generic temporal properties of media objects in distributed multimedia software systems (DMSS). The timing properties are based on Allen's basic binary temporal relations between two objects, which can be extended to cover multiple objects. We have developed techniques for test case generation, and test result analysis based on a distributed tester architecture. Test templates are used in test case generation to reduce the possibility of human error, and the entire testing procedure can be automated. A prototype system has been built to test a DEC HPAS multimedia presentation system, which is a multimedia system supporting W3C's SMIL standard. Detailed discussions on practical issues illustrated with a number of actual tests are given. Experimental results have shown that our framework is effective in detecting errors in temporal properties. Furthermore, ways to reduce the test effort have been discussed, and guidelines for coming up with criteria for verdict computation based on the real-time requirements of the applications have been suggested.

Applying generic timing tests for distributed multimedia software systems

With the advancement in network speed and computing power; distributed multimedia applications are becoming populal: However; general principles of system testing cannot be directly applied to testing of distributed multimedia software systems (DMSS) on account of their stringent timing and synchronization requirements. This paper presents a framework for testing DMSS with special emphases on test case generation and resr architecture. We propose ways to greatly cut down the number of test cases without compronzising the test effectiveness. Procedures for testing the servers and the clients are also discussed.

/pdf/towards-a-framework-for-testing-distributed-multimedia-2lqydtj142.pdf

Towards a Framework for Testing Distributed Multimedia Software Systems

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Towards a Framework for Testing Distributed Multimedia Software Systems