The characteristic value of the electromagnetic field intensity in quantum electrodynamics is studied and presented. General remarks are given on processes in an intense electromagnetic field and their description is detailed. Photon emission by electron in the field of an intense electromagnetic wave and pair production by a photon in the field of an intense electromagnetic wave are discussed. The authors examine shift and splitting of the atomic level by electromagnetic wave fields. Radiative corrections are presented.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2FBF01120220.pdf

Quantum effects of the interaction of elementary particles with an intense electromagnetic field

We report on measurements of quantum electrodynamic processes in an intense electromagnetic wave, where nonlinear effects (both multiphoton and vacuum polarization) are prominent. Nonlinear Compton scattering and electron-positron pair production have been observed in collisions of 46.6 GeV and 49.1 GeV electrons of the Final Focus Test Beam at SLAC with terawatt pulses of 1053 nm and 527 nm wavelengths from a Nd:glass laser. Peak laser intensities of $\ensuremath{\approx}0.5\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{18}{\mathrm{W}/\mathrm{c}\mathrm{m}}^{2}$ have been achieved, corresponding to a value of $\ensuremath{\approx}0.4$ for the parameter $\ensuremath{\eta}{=eE}_{\mathrm{rms}}/m{\ensuremath{\omega}}_{0}c$ and to a value of $\ensuremath{\approx}0.25$ for the parameter ${\ensuremath{\Upsilon}}_{e}{=E}_{\mathrm{rms}}^{\ensuremath{\star}}{/E}_{\mathrm{crit}}{=eE}_{\mathrm{rms}}^{\ensuremath{\star}}\ensuremath{\Elzxh}{/m}^{2}{c}^{3},$ where ${E}_{\mathrm{rms}}^{\ensuremath{\star}}$ is the rms electric field strength of the laser in the electron rest frame. We present data on the scattered electron spectra arising from nonlinear Compton scattering with up to four photons absorbed from the field. A convolved spectrum of the forward high energy photons is also given. The observed positron production rate depends on the fifth power of the laser intensity, as expected for a process where five photons are absorbed from the field. The positrons are interpreted as arising from the collision of a high-energy Compton scattered photon with the laser beam. The results are found to be in agreement with theoretical predictions.

Studies of nonlinear QED in collisions of 46.6-GeV electrons with intense laser pulses

We review common extensions of particle-in-cell (PIC) schemes which account for strong field phenomena in laser-plasma interactions. After describing the physical processes of interest and their numerical implementation, we provide solutions for several associated methodological and algorithmic problems. We propose a modified event generator that precisely models the entire spectrum of incoherent particle emission without any low-energy cutoff, and which imposes close to the weakest possible demands on the numerical time step. Based on this, we also develop an adaptive event generator that subdivides the time step for locally resolving QED events, allowing for efficient simulation of cascades. Further, we present a unified technical interface for including the processes of interest in different PIC implementations. Two PIC codes which support this interface, PICADOR and ELMIS, are also briefly reviewed.

/pdf/extended-particle-in-cell-schemes-for-physics-in-ultrastrong-1c7g1tfmsl.pdf

Extended particle-in-cell schemes for physics in ultrastrong laser fields: Review and developments

Advances in QED with intense background fields

The dynamics of charged particles in electromagnetic fields is an essential component of understanding the most extreme environments in our Universe. In electromagnetic fields of sufficient magnitude, radiation emission dominates the particle motion and effects of nonlinear quantum electrodynamics (QED) are crucial, which triggers electron-positron pair cascades and counterintuitive particle-trapping phenomena. As a result of recent progress in laser technology, high-power lasers provide a platform to create and probe such fields in the laboratory. With new large-scale laser facilities on the horizon and the prospect of investigating these hitherto unexplored regimes, we review the basic physical processes of radiation reaction and QED in strong fields, how they are treated theoretically and in simulation, the new collective dynamics they unlock, recent experimental progress and plans, as well as possible applications for high-flux particle and radiation sources. 

Charged particle motion and radiation in strong electromagnetic fields

Elastic electron scattering in an intense field and two-photon emission

Vacuum polarization correction to elastic electron and muon scattering in an intense field and pair electro- and muoproduction.

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Elastic electron scattering in an intense field and two-photon emission

Vacuum polarization correction to elastic electron and muon scattering in an intense field and pair electro- and muoproduction.