Germplasm characterization is an important link between conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. The study was conducted to characterize randomly selected 20 finger millet germplasm accessions obtained from Plant Genetic Resource Center, Gannoruwa, Sri Lanka using morphological markers. Morphological study was carried out using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and 15 morphological markers were recorded. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) results for quantitative morphological characters revealed that all quantitative morphological characters measured differed significantly (p˂0.05) among the accessions used for the study, indicating higher levels of morphological diversity. According to the ANOVA results, days to flowering and days to maturity show high level of predictive capability while flag leaf length and number of productive tillers show comparatively low level of predictive capability. Principal component analysis indicated that morphological characters such as days to flowering, finger number and yield per plant were the important traits contributing for the overall variability implying that breeding effort on those traits can meet the targeted objective. The clustering pattern of studied finger millet accessions based on morphological markers comprised of two major clusters. Both clusters comprised of Indian accessions those conserved at PGRC, Gannoruwa and as well as Sri Lankan accessions. Results of the study suggest a considerable morphological variability, which could exist among the studied traits. Furthermore, this study revealed that the genetic diversity existed irrespective to the geographical origin. This finding justifies the importance of germplasm characterization. Keywords: Finger Millet, Morphological Markers, Germplasm Accessions, Genetic Diversity, Crop Improvement

/pdf/assessment-of-genetic-diversity-of-some-finger-millet-3u9osodc97.pdf

Assessment of Genetic Diversity of Some Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn. Accessions Using Morphological Markers

The present investigation was conducted during kharif, 2014 at Research Block, Dept. of Crop Improvement, V.C.S.G. Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, College of Forestry, Ranichauri Campus with thirty-five diverse genotypes of finger millet including three checks viz., PRM-1, PRM-2 and VL-149 laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design. Observations were recorded for fourteen morphological traits and the data were analyzed for variability, heritability and expected genetic advance. Computation of genotypic, phenotypic and environmental variances, genotypic coefficient of variance, phenotypic coefficient of variation and environmental coefficient of variation, heritability (in broad sense) and genetic advance were statistically worked out to understand the nature and extent of variability in expression of different characters prevailed in population and that led to facilitate selection for various traits for identifying desired genotyped suitable for hills. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among all thirty-five genotypes with a wide range of mean values for different characters. There was sufficient variability found for all the characters among the various genotypes which could offer great scope for improvement. Genotypic and phenotypic variances were highest for biological yield per plant followed by plant height, days to 50 per cent flowering and harvest index. Hence, these characters are more suitable for selection procedure. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for biological yield per plant, plant height and days to 50 per cent flowering. Direct selection for these characters would be effective as heritability and genetic advance might be due to additive gene interaction.

/pdf/morphological-characterization-and-genetic-analysis-of-3ms50sguht.pdf

Morphological Characterization and Genetic Analysis of Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn) Germplasm

Millets are cultivated world-wide and are more prominent in South Asian and African countries. Among different millets, finger millets hold a significant position in terms of area and productivity. Due to negligence in various cultivation practices and improper selection of genotypes, most farmers fail to achieve optimum yields. In this scenario, the choice of a suitable cultivar is essential. Considering the above, an experiment was conducted at Post Graduate Research Farm of Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, to evaluate suitable cultivars of finger millet. The study consisted of eight treatments comprising of V1: VL Mandua, V2: Hima, V3: Indravathi, V4: Vegavathi, V5: Champavathi, V6: Suvarnamukhi, V7: Bharathi, V8: Sri Chaitanya. The treatments were replicated thrice and the randomized block design was implemented. The results revealed that the highest plant height (158 cm) was observed with the cultivar Bharathi. Indravathi recorded the highest dry matter accumulation at harvest (776 g m-2), leaf area index at 50 DAT (3.56) and number of tillers at 50 DAT (66). However, the highest effective tillers per m2 (2.3) were recorded with the cultivar Sri Chaitanya, and the highest number of grains per ear head and weight per ear head were registered in the Bharathi variety. Further, the highest numbers of fingers per ear head (8.4), 1000 grain weight (2.82g), weight of grains hill-1 (6.72g) and length of finger (7.7cm) were recorded in the variety Indravathi. The cultivar Indravathi recorded the highest grain (2315 kg ha-1), stover (5372 kg ha-1) and biological yield (7687 kg ha-1) and Sri Chaitanya followed it. The study concludes that Indravathi and Sri Chaitanya can be considered short-duration and Hima as long duration cultivar for obtaining higher yield during Kharif season (July to September) under the hot and subhumid regions of Odisha. 

pdf/performance-evaluation-of-different-finger-millet-eleusine-q5oni184rm.pdf

Performance Evaluation of Different Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana L. Gaertn.) Cultivars for Growth, Productivity and Nutrient Quality of Grains Under Hot and Subhumid Region of Odisha

Effect of source size and its position on grain yield in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.)

Food demand and malnutrition are the major issues for developing countries. Millets are helpful in strengthening both food and nutritional security in the future. They are nutrient-rich crops compared to major cereals. Consumption of millet-based foods helps for collective health benefits of nutrients and prevents metabolic disorders. Millets are considered a staple food for millions of people. The millet production is constrained by both biotic and abiotic stresses leading to reduced grain yield. Soil nutrient deficiency is the major issue in the semi-arid region of Asia and Africa. It crucially affects crop production, especially the quality of the crop. It is one of the major abiotic constraints of millet production. Therefore, improving the nutrient-use efficiency in millet under limited nutrient soil conditions is a major priority area of research. Introduction of functional genomics and associated techniques are helping to understand the character of the crop genome. Genome-based techniques are used for the identification of valuable traits/candidate genes. This will accelerate crop designing (insertion of desirable traits) and the development of improved varieties through marker-assisted selection (MAS). It could help to reduce the application of synthetic fertilizer and reduce the cost of crop production. So far, very little effort is done in the improvement of nutrient-use efficiency in millets. In this chapter, we present the scope of functional genomics and molecular marker approaches for improving nutrient-use efficiency in millets and give the future direction for the need for millet improvement. This chapter could help researchers understand the importance of the implication of functional genomics for crop improvement. 

Improving the Nutrient-Use Efficiency in Millets by Genomics Approaches

The trial was conducted at the research block of Crop Improvement, GBPUAT, Hill Campus, Ranichauri using randomized block design (RBD) to characterize finger millet germplasm for morphological characters viz, plant height, flag leaf length, number of tiller plant-1, number of finger ear-1, ear length, no of grain finger-1, no of grain ear-1 and grain yield plant-1 Among all germplasms, number of finger ear-1, number of grain finger-1 and grain yield plant-1(g) had recorded highest in VL 149 which were 996, 15066, 263 g respectively The germplasm GEC 1406 attained lowest plant height (7589 cm), GEC 961 had recorded higher flag leaf length (4096 cm), GEC 268 had recorded maximum number of tiller plant-1 (330), GEC 199 had recorded higher ear length (920 cm), GEC 1044 had recorded maximum number of grain ear-1 (663) among all germplasm of finger millet This study is helpful to identify superior germplasm so they can be used for further finger millet crop improvement programs

https://journals.ansfoundation.org/index.php/jans/article/download/692/648

Characterization of finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] germplasm for morphological parameters under field conditions

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Characterization of finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.] germplasm for morphological parameters under field conditions