Purpose: To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP) in a population without known glaucoma as measured by means of a noncontact tonometer (NCT). Methods: IOP valu

Measurement of Intraocular Pressure with a Modern Noncontact Tonometer

Purpose:This article reports the presentation, management, and outcomes in patients suffering perforating ocular injuries.Methods:A retrospective review was conducted at a single ophthalmology Leve...

/pdf/visual-and-anatomic-outcomes-in-perforating-ocular-injuries-rflemjbs4f.pdf

Visual and Anatomic Outcomes in Perforating Ocular Injuries

Prolonged hospital care is described as deployed medical care, applied beyond doctrinal planning timelines and military medical planning envisages that in future conflicts, patients will have to be managed for up to 5 days without evacuation to their home country. We aimed to investigate the effect of prolonged hospital care on visual outcomes in the management of open and closed globe injures. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in the setting of British military operations in Afghanistan. We included consecutive UK military patients with ocular trauma evacuated from Afghanistan between December 2005 and April 2013. We assessed outcome using best-corrected visual acuity (VA) 6–12 months after injury. All patients were male, with a mean age of 25. Outcomes adjusted for ocular trauma score (OTS) at presentation were similar to previous reports of military ocular trauma. The mean time to arrival at a centre with an ophthalmologist was 1.74 days. Both patients with penetrating open globe injuries and patients with hyphaema and an OTS of 3 or less displayed an association between worsening 6–12 month VA and time between injury and repair or assessment by an ophthalmologist. Time to specialist ophthalmic care contributes to outcome after military open and closed globe injuries, supporting deployment of ophthalmologists on military operations.

Prolonged deployed hospital care in the management of military eye injuries.

Pediatric glaucoma (PG) covers a rare and heterogeneous group of diseases with variable causes and presentations. Delayed diagnosis of PG could lead to blindness, bringing emotional and psychological burdens to patients’ caregivers. Recent genetic studies identified novel causative genes, which may provide new insight into the etiology of PG. More effective screening strategies could be beneficial for timely diagnosis and treatment. New findings on clinical characteristics and the latest examination instruments have provided additional evidence for diagnosing PG. In addition to IOP-lowering therapy, managing concomitant amblyopia and other associated ocular pathologies is essential to achieve a better visual outcome. Surgical treatment is usually required although medication is often used before surgery. These include angle surgeries, filtering surgeries, minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries, cyclophotocoagulation, and deep sclerectomy. Several advanced surgical therapies have been developed to increase success rates and decrease postoperative complications. Here, we review the classification and diagnosis, etiology, screening, clinical characteristics, examinations, and management of PG.

/pdf/pediatric-glaucoma-from-screening-early-detection-to-1ojfk83z.pdf

Pediatric Glaucoma—From Screening, Early Detection to Management

Surgical Management of a Penetrating Brain Wound and Associated Perforating Ocular Injury Caused by a Low-Velocity Sharp Metallic Object: A Case Report and Literature Review

Purpose:  To detect the factors affecting the final visual acuity in open globe injuries. Material And Methods: Fifty eight eyes of 58 patients who were treated for open globe injuries were analysed prospectively. Factors which are deemed to have effect on visual prognosis were examined statistically. Results: Forty five patients (%77.6) were male, with a mean age of 29.6 ±19.4. Final visual acuity was 0.1 and lower in 28 (%48.3) cases. The prognostic factors predicting the final visual acuity were initial visual acuity, wound size, mechanism of the injury, presence of relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD), zone of the injury, anterior chamber finding, lens injury, posterior segment finding, uveal injury  and Ocular Trauma Score . According to multiple retrospective logistic regression analysis, those factors having the highest effect  on final visual acuity were found to be presence of an  RAPD, female gender, old age and large laceration respectively. Conclusion: Initial examination findings are helpful for predicting the visual outcome in open globe injuries. Therefore, standardization in classification of the initial examination findings is compulsory.

/pdf/prognostic-factors-in-open-globe-injuries-16xx3e93x8.pdf

Prognostic Factors in Open Globe Injuries

Objectives: To compare the optical disc and macular vascular density values of patients with glaucoma and healthy individuals by using optical coherence tomography angiography and evaluate the relationship between structural and functional test results and vascular density. Materials and Methods: The study included 128 eyes in total: 31 with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEG), 55 with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and similar visual field defects, and 42 healthy eyes. Whole image peripapillary vessel density (wpVD), intradisc vessel density (idVD), peripapillary vessel density (pVD), whole image macular vessel density (wmVD), and parafoveal vessel density (pfVD) values were compared between the groups. Correlations between visual field findings, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and optic nerve head measurements and peripapillary and macular vascular density were analyzed. Results: In the PEG and POAG groups, wpVD, idVD, wmVD, and pfVD values were significantly lower in than the control group. In the PEG group, wpVD was found to be significantly lower than the POAG group (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the PEG and POAG groups in wmVD and pfVD except for nasal pfVD. There were strong positive correlations between RNFL thickness and pVD in the glaucoma groups (p<0.001). Significant correlations were found between visual field mean deviation and pattern standard deviation values and peripapillary and macular vessel density values in the glaucoma groups. Conclusion: Vascular density values were lower in glaucoma patients compared to normal individuals, and there is a strong correlation between structural and functional tests and vessel density values. The lower vascular density in the PEG group compared to the POAG group indicates that vascular damage may be more common in PEG patients.

/pdf/optical-coherence-tomography-angiography-findings-in-primary-3py80o8v.pdf

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Findings in Primary Open- Angle and Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma

Alt kadrana yerleştirilen glokom implantları klinik uygulama sonuçları

Nüks Dakriyosistit ve Dakriyostenozlarda Cerrahi Yaklaşımımız

Factors affecting the surgical success of trabeculectomy performed as the first surgery in primary pediatric glaucoma

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