Objective Metabolic syndrome is an important metabolic disorder which impose noticeable burden on health system. We aimed to review and imply the prevalence of it in Middle-East countries. Methods present study was a systematic review to present overview about metabolic disorder in Middle East. Electronic literature search of Medline database and Google scholar were done for English-language articles without time filtering, as well as for population-based or national studies of the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. The fallowing search terms were used simultaneously: prevalence of “ metabolic syndrome” and “national study”, “prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Middle East”, “prevalence of metabolic syndrome” and “name of country”, “metabolic syndrome &name of country”. Additionally, relevant articles in bibliography were searched. Analysis of data was carried out in STATA version 11.0. Results out of 456 studies in first-step searching (selecting by title) 59 studies were recruited and reviewed. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome fluctuated by country and time of study. This amount was 2.2–44% in Turkish, 16–41% in Saudi-Arabia, 14–63 in Pakistan, 26–33 in Qatar, 9–36 in Kuwait, 22–50 in Emirate, 6–42 in Iran, and up to 23 in Yemen. Pooled estimate was 25%. Attributable risk for cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and stroke was 15.87, 11.7, and 16.23, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome is high and it is noticeable cause for stroke, coronary heart disease, and cardiovascular disease.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Middle-East countries: Meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies.

Background: Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a serious health condition negatively affecting psychological state, sleep quality, and quality of life (QOL) of patients. These complications of BCRL can be overlooked in routine clinical practice. The aim of this study is to evaluate sleep quality, depression, and QOL in patients with different stages of BCRL. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 111 consecutive women patients with BCRL attending to lymphedema unit of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Hospital in Ankara City Hospital. Demographical and clinical data of patients were noted. Sleep quality was assessed with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, day-time sleepiness was assessed with Epworth Sleepiness Scale, depression was assessed with Beck Depression Questionnaire, and QOL was assessed with Lymphedema Quality of Life Questionnaire-arm. Results: Median age of patients was 57 (49-63) (25%-75% interquartile range). Nearly 58.8% of the patients had sleep disturbances, and 29.7% of the patients had depression. Presence of both sleep disturbance and depression was associated with increased age. Patients with sleep disturbance were found to be more depressive and vice versa, (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Sleep disturbance, depression and day-time sleepiness, and higher body mass index were all associated with lower QOL scores. Conclusions: Presence of sleep disturbances and depression should be evaluated in every patient with BCRL with special attention to elderly. Rehabilitative management of BCRL should include psychiatric evaluation and interventions. Future studies should intend to assess the risk factors that affect psychological state, sleep quality, and QOL in patients with BCRL.

Evaluation of Sleep Quality, Depression, and Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema.

This study aimed to assess the lifestyle habits and well-being of primary healthcare physicians working at the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs in western Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the primary healthcare centers affiliated with the National Guard Health Affairs in western Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was applied. The questionnaire included the demographic information, medical history, physical activity, and food and smoking habits. The stress level was assessed using the 10-cm visual analog scale. Descriptive statistics were performed. Participants’ mean (± SD) age was 39.3 ± 12.3 years, and 51.9% of them were female. More than half of the studied physicians were either overweight or obese. In the past 6 months, 40.6% of the participants had followed a diet to reduce their weight and 35% practiced sports 3–4 days/week. Reported chronic diseases were hyperlipidemia, hypertension, bronchial asthma, and diabetes. General health was identified as fair by 15.6%, good by 54.4%, and excellent by 30% of the participants. A moderate-high stress level was perceived by 77.5% of the participants. Health and well-being promotion programs should be established for physicians in primary care centers coinciding with regular check-ups and screenings for early detection and intervention to reduce the burden of lifestyle-associated diseases among primary care physicians.

Lifestyle habits and well-being among primary health physicians in western Saudi Arabia

The aim of this study was to explore patients’ knowledge and perspectives in Istanbul, Turkey about the pharmaceutical regulatory review and reimbursement processes with respect to patients’ access to new medicines. For the purpose of this study a tailored made paper-based questionnaire, Patient Perspective Questionnaire (PPQ), was developed and subsequently piloted in the target population. A total of 350 patients were recruited consecutively into the study from hospital outpatient clinics, general practice, community pharmacies, patient organisations in 28 different districts of Istanbul receiving treatment for chronic conditions. In addition, 22 patients were randomly selected from the cohort for face-to-face interviews in order to obtain further insights about the relevance of the PPQ, and to help with formalising a set of recommendations for the involvement of patients in both processes. Data processing and analyses were carried out using SPSS version 23 statistical software. Overall 210 (60% response rate) completed the PPQ (51% males) with the mean age of 56, median of 54 and range of 18–75. Most patients in this study (84%) seemed to know that medicines had to be approved by the government. However, 81% of patients were not aware of the regulatory review process with 73% being unaware of approval timelines. Furthermore, 78 (37%) patients described the Turkish approval process to be of a lower standard compared to that of the US and EU. However, 147 (70%) of patients believed that there are novel alternative medicines for their disease available in other developed countries. Similarly, 126 (60%) patients thought that new medicines only become available in Turkey after their availability in the other developed countries. In contrast, patients in this cohort were more aware of the reimbursement system in Turkey where the majority expressed their satisfaction and 34% described access to new medicines to be adequate. In addition, the majority of patients (75%) recognised that the government is the main payer, even though insufficient information is provided about new medicines. Patients stated that they do not have any role in the decision-making process for the approval or reimbursement of new medicines and therefore most of them indicated that they wish to be more involved in reimbursement (60%) as well as in the approval process (58%). Faster access to medicines, improved health and pharmaceutical care as well as lower prices were considered by the study patients as the improvement priorities. Further, they were able to offer academic collaboration and active patient involvement in both processes as possible solutions.

Patients’ Perspectives of the Pharmaceutical Regulatory and Reimbursement Systems in Istanbul, Turkey

The Malay version of the WHOQOL-BREF was published approximately 15 years ago. Since then, no known research has been conducted to identify the psychometric properties of the scale using confirmatory factor analysis. This study aimed to establish a model by applying a scientific approach to the translation and adaptation method. The back translation technique was used for the translation process. This cross-sectional study involved 282 employees at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The instrument received satisfactory Cronbach’s alpha reliability values. The data were analysed with SEM using AMOS. Results showed that the model produced is parsimonious, with CMIN/df = 0.23, CFI = 0.93, SRMR = 0.08, RMSEA = 0.08 and PCLOSE = 0.07. Adopting the Malay version of the WHOQOL-BREF for future research is highly recommended due to its properties.

/pdf/identifying-the-psychometric-properties-of-the-malay-version-1v5ae1ua.pdf

Identifying the Psychometric Properties of the Malay Version of the WHOQOL-BREF among Employees with Obesity Problem

This study was conducted to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and perceived health status of the Turkish population. The data came from a nationwide survey, which was conducted by Ministry of Health on prevalence and risk factors for chronic diseases in Turkey, with a representative random sample of 18,477 people aged ≥ 15 years from Turkey. Each family physician invited two individuals selected from their registered population to the Family Health Center, conducted the survey by face to face interviews using an electronic form. HRQOL was determined using EQ-5D-3L scale. In Turkish population, each four women out of 10, two men out of 10 have problems in pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression dimensions of the scale; three women out of 10, one man out of 10 have some or severe problems in mobility. Proportion of people without health problems (health state 11,111) were 64,1% in men, 40,7% in women. The mean VAS score for males was 71.5 ± 0.2 (95% CI 70.9–72.1), 66.4 ± 0.2 (95% CI 65.8–66.9) for females (p < 0.05).The most important determinants of having a problem in any of the five dimensions are age, gender, education, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, stroke, alzheimer, cancer, renal failure. The OR of having some or severe problems in any dimensions was 4.6 (95% CI 38–5.4) for over 65–74 and 7.5 (95% CI 5.8–9.6) for over 75 compared to 15–24 age group. The perceived health level and HRQOL is worse in women, in older age groups, in people from lower socioeconomical status.

Health-related quality of life and perceived health status of Turkish population

/pdf/prevalence-and-determinants-of-metabolic-syndrome-in-turkey-48miu6581u.pdf

Prevalence and determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in Turkey; findings from Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Survey 2012

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Health-related quality of life and perceived health status of Turkish population

Prevalence and determinants of Metabolic Syndrome in Turkey; findings from Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Survey 2012