A battery cooling structure includes a cooling plate and a heat transfer sheet. The cooling plate is to cool a battery module including a plurality of battery cells arranged side by side. The heat transfer sheet is provided between the cooling plate and a cooling surface of the battery module to transfer heat from the cooling surface to the cooling plate. The heat transfer sheet is deformable by a pressure applied to the heat transfer sheet. The heat transfer sheet includes a positioning hole through which the cooling surface of the battery module is visible when the heat transfer sheet is assembled to the battery module.

Battery cooling structure

Per-panel photovoltaic energy extraction with integrated converters can increase overall array tracking efficiency. Also, switched-capacitor (SC) converters have been evaluated for many applications because of the possibility for on-chip integration; applications to solar arrays are no exception. This paper presents a comprehensive system-level look at solar installations, finding possibilities for optimization at and between all levels of operation in an array. Specifically, this paper examines new arrangements and options for applying switched-capacitor circuits at 3 levels: for the panel and sub-panel level, as part of the overall control strategy, and for ensuring stable and robust interface to the grid with the possibility of eliminating or reducing the use of electrolytic capacitors.

A systems approach to photovoltaic energy extraction

A stacked switched capacitor (SSC) energy buffer circuit includes a switching network and a plurality of energy storage capacitors. The switching network need operate at only a relatively low switching frequency and can take advantage of soft charging of the energy storage capacitors to reduce loss. Thus, efficiency of the SSC energy buffer circuit can be extremely high compared with the efficiency of other energy buffer circuits. Since circuits utilizing the SSC energy buffer architecture need not utilize electrolytic capacitors, circuits utilizing the SSC energy buffer architecture overcome limitations of energy buffers utilizing electrolytic capacitors. Circuits utilizing the SSC energy buffer architecture (without electrolytic capacitors) can achieve an effective energy density characteristic comparable to energy buffers utilizing electrolytic capacitors. The SSC energy buffer architecture exhibits losses that scale with the amount of energy buffered, such that a relatively high efficiency can be achieved across a desired operating range.

Stacked switched capacitor energy buffer circuit

The present disclosure includes various assemblies to be used with one or more energy storage devices. In one embodiment, an energy storage device assembly can include a plurality of energy storage devices, and each of these energy storage devices can include a first projecting electrode and a second projecting electrode. The energy storage devices can be connected to each other through a weld, which can directly bond the adjacent first and second projecting electrodes of adjacent energy storage devices to one another. This configuration can allow each of the energy storage devices to be connected together in series.

Energy storage device assembly

Enhanced stacked switched capacitor energy buffer circuit

The device has nickel-cadmium accumulator cells (11) i.e. electrical double layer capacitors, for charging and discharging electrical energy and arranged in a module housing (12). A temperature measuring unit (13) comprises temperature sensors (14) for each cell or group of cells. The sensors are designed as temperature-dependent electric resistors i.e. positive temperature co-efficient (PTC) resistor, and interconnected to an electrical measurement circuit. An evaluation unit (17) evaluates distribution of operating temperature of the cells from measured values of the resistors.

Energy storage device

Eine Symmetriereinrichtung fur eine erste und eine zweite elektrische Energiezelle, die in Serie miteinander verbunden sind, umfasst einen ersten Spannungsmesser zur Bestimmung der Spannung der ersten Energiezelle, einen zweiten Spannungsmesser zur Bestimmung der Spannung der zweiten Energiezelle und einen Gleichstromsteller zum Transport von Energie von der ersten Energiezelle in die zweite Energiezelle auf der Basis eines Vergleichs der bestimmten Spannungen.

Symmetriereinrichtung und Symmetrierverfahren

Hybrid energy storage device for traction supply of rail vehicle that is utilized for catenary-free driving routes, has evaluation unit for evaluating distribution of operating temperature of cells from measured values of resistors

The invention relates to a balancing unit for a first and a second electric energy cell, comprising a dc-dc converter with an inductance, the dc-dc converter being designed to receive energy in a first switched state from the first energy cell to the inductance and to emit the received energy in a second switched state from the inductance to the second energy cell. The balancing unit also comprises a measuring unit for determining the voltages of the energy cells and an actuating unit for actuating the dc-dc converter in the two switched states in conjunction with the voltages that have been determined, the measuring device being designed to determine the voltages of the energy cells on the basis of a magnetic field of the inductance. An energy store comprises a plurality of energy cells that are interconnected in series and the aforementioned balancing unit. The invention also discloses a balancing method for balancing electric cells, which includes a computer program product.

Balancing unit, energy store and balancing method

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Energy storage device

Symmetriereinrichtung und Symmetrierverfahren

Hybrid energy storage device for traction supply of rail vehicle that is utilized for catenary-free driving routes, has evaluation unit for evaluating distribution of operating temperature of cells from measured values of resistors

Balancing unit, energy store and balancing method