Analytical strategies for the detection of sulfide: a review

Non-spectrophotometric methods for the determination of Vitamin C

DISCLAIMER The use of company or product name(s) is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. A Toxicological Profile for Cyanide, Draft for Public Comment was released in September 2004. This edition supersedes any previously released draft or final profile. Toxicological profiles are revised and republished as necessary. For information regarding the update status of previously released profiles, contact ATSDR at: iv CYANIDE This page is intentionally blank. v FOREWORD This toxicological profile is prepared in accordance with guidelines developed by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The original guidelines were published in the Federal Register on April 17, 1987. Each profile will be revised and republished as necessary. The ATSDR toxicological profile succinctly characterizes the toxicologic and adverse health effects information for the hazardous substance described therein. Each peer-reviewed profile identifies and reviews the key literature that describes a hazardous substance's toxicologic properties. Other pertinent literature is also presented, but is described in less detail than the key studies. The profile is not intended to be an exhaustive document; however, more comprehensive sources of specialty information are referenced. The focus of the profiles is on health and toxicologic information; therefore, each toxicological profile begins with a public health statement that describes, in nontechnical language, a substance's relevant toxicological properties. Following the public health statement is information concerning levels of significant human exposure and, where known, significant health effects. The adequacy of information to determine a substance's health effects is described in a health effects summary. Data needs that are of significance to protection of public health are identified by ATSDR and EPA. Each profile includes the following: (A) The examination, summary, and interpretation of available toxicologic information and epidemiologic evaluations on a hazardous substance to ascertain the levels of significant human exposure for the substance and the associated acute, subacute, and chronic health effects; (B) A determination of whether adequate information on the health effects of each substance is available or in the process of development to determine levels of exposure that present a significant risk to human health of acute, subacute, and chronic health effects; and (C) Where appropriate, identification of toxicologic testing needed to identify the types or levels of exposure that may present significant risk of adverse health effects in humans. The principal audiences for the toxicological …

/pdf/toxicological-profile-for-cyanide-4bf0j9709e.pdf

Toxicological profile for cyanide

Previous investigations on laser-induced aerosols of brass samples showed that preferential vaporization of zinc occurs during the ablation process leading to elemental fractionation and limited possibilities for non matrix matched calibration. In a variety of experiments carried out within this study it is shown that multiple effects are complicating the quantification of brass using LA-ICPMS. It is shown that the ablated copper and zinc is not homogeneously distributed within the laser-produced aerosol. Copper was found enriched up to 100% in particles larger than 100 nm as shown from EDX measurements (electron excited) on individual particles, and zinc was enriched by over 40% in the particles smaller than the lowest measurable particle size (below 100 nm or in the vapor phase). Solution nebulization analysis on digested filter-collected aerosols results in a higher Cu/Zn ratio than the certified value for the brass sample. ESEM pictures with analysis of the electron excited X-rays measured on the filt...

Elemental fractionation studies in laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry on laser-induced brass aerosols.

Trace enrichment and determination of silver by immobilized DDTC microcolumn and flow injection atomic absorption spectrometry

Determination of sulfur anions at the ppb level by ion chromatography utilizing their catalytic effects on the postcolumn reaction of iodine with azide

The reaction of hydrogen sulfide with sulfur dioxide in aqueous solution yields Wackenroder′s solution, which contains polythionates (SxO62-: x=3, 4 and 5) and thiosulfate Various reactions of polythionates with such reagents as sulfite, cyanide, sulfide, permanganate and others are reviewed, in which the thiosulfate and/or thiocyanate formed by these reactions of polythionates are measured titrimetrically, spectrophotometrically and coulometrically As a result, simultaneous equations can be obtained through corresponding different procedures and can be used for the determination of polythionates in their mixtures with other sulfur anions Furthermore, modern liquid chromatography is described for the separation of polythionates and thiosulfate, in which quite different chromatographic techniques and conditions were employed

Analytical chemistry of polythionates and thiosulfate. A review.

Extractive spectrophotometric determination of silver(I) at the 10−7M level using 1,10-phenanthroline and tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester

The formation of thiocyanate was achieved by the oxidation of sulphide with iodine in the presence of cyanide; the thiocyanate formed was measured spectrophotometrically as the iron(III)-thiocyanate complex. The hydrogen sulphide, separated from other sulphur anions such as polythionates, was introduced into a solution containing iodine, cyanide and buffer, in which the hydrogen sulphide was completely converted into thiocyanate. A linear calibration graph was obtained over the range 1 × 10–5–6 × 10–4M sulphide (3.2–192 µg of S2– in 10 ml) and the relative standard deviation was 0.37% at the 4 × 10–4M sulphide level. The proposed method was applied successfully to the determination of sulphide in natural water samples at various concentrations.

Spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of sulphide and hydrogen sulphide by formation of thiocyanate

L-Ascorbic acid, sulfite, sulfide and thiosulfate have each been completely separated from their mixtures by a single run of ion chromatography using columns of a sulfonated styrenedivinylbenzene copolymeric cation-exchange resin of low crosslinking (1%) and an eluent of 2.3×10-3M (M=mol dm-3) sulfuric acid containing 4%(v/v) acetonitrile. L-Ascorbic acid and sulfite as sulfurous acid were eluted early by an ion-exclusion effect of the cation-exchanger in the hydrogen form, but both the sulfide as hydrogen sulfide and the thiosulfate ion were eluted late, owing to their adsorption onto the resin bed. The sample species in the effluent were monitored by photometric measurement of the excess of iodine (as triiodide) for its postcolumn reaction with each species separated. The chromatograms obtained gave negative peaks, based on the decrease in the absorbance from background. Calibration graphs for the four species, plotted as peak-heights vs. concentrations, were linear up to 3.00×10-5M for L-ascorbic acid, 1.25×10-4M for sulfite, 5.00×10-4M for sulfide and 1.20×10-4M for thiosulfate, respectively. Detection limits as S/N=3 were 1.00×10-7M for L-ascorbic acid, 1.15×10-6M for sulfite, 1.80×10-6M for sulfide and 6.80×10-6M for thiosulfate. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of L-ascorbic acid in soft drinks, sulfide in hot-spring waters and sulfite in wines.

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/analsci1985/11/4/11_4_617/_pdf

Ion Chromatographic Determination of L-Ascorbic Acid, Sulfite, Sulfide and Thiosulfate Using a Cation-Exchanger of Low Crosslinking

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