The influence of extreme water levels on coastal wetland extent across the Laurentian Great Lakes

State of Lake Michigan

Great Lakes coastal wetlands as suitable habitat for invasive mute swans in Michigan

Large-landscape conservation is an emerging paradigm responding to the growing effects of landscape-scale stressors on the environment with the goal to balance multiple socio-ecological objectives. Wetlands provide a disproportionate wealth of ecosystem services given their generally diminutive composition across the landscape. A challenge for wetland scientists is to develop science to support this evolving landscape conservation approach and to integrate wetland services and benefits explicitly into regional conservation and adaptation planning. This special feature arose from a symposium held at the 2017 Society of Wetland Scientists meeting in San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA entitled, “Wetland Conservation in the 21st Century: Landscape Scale Interdisciplinary Approaches Addressing Multiple Objectives.” The nine papers that follow stem from that symposium and collectively provide examples of wetland science that address human well-being, ecological functioning, and future forecasting to support long-term landscape conservation planning. This special feature celebrates the critical role wetlands play in maintaining biodiversity and human well-being as well as the valuable role wetland scientists play informing landscape conservation decisions.

Wetland Conservation Requires Transition toward Landscape-Scale Interdisciplinary Approaches

The ecosystem services provided by large, complex freshwater systems have long been subjected to various stresses by humans; drinking water, transport, manufacturing, and even recreation have been ...

Ecosystem restoration in the Everglades and Great Lakes ecosystems: past, present, and future preventative management

Traditionally, ecosystem monitoring, conservation, and restoration have been conducted in a piecemeal manner at the local scale without regional landscape context. However, scientifically driven conservation and restoration decisions benefit greatly when they are based on regionally determined benchmarks and goals. Unfortunately, required data sets rarely exist for regionally important ecosystems. Because of early recognition of the extreme ecological importance of Laurentian Great Lakes coastal wetlands, and the extensive degradation that had already occurred, significant investments in coastal wetland research, protection, and restoration have been made in recent decades and continue today. Continued and refined assessment of wetland condition and trends, and the evaluation of restoration practices are all essential to ensuring the success of these investments. To provide wetland managers and decision makers throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes basin with the optimal tools and data needed to make scientifically-based decisions, our regional team of Great Lakes wetland scientists developed standardized methods and indicators used for assessing wetland condition. From a landscape perspective, at the Laurentian Great Lakes ecosystem scale, we established a stratified random-site-selection process to monitor birds, anurans, fish, macroinvertebrates, vegetation, and physicochemical conditions of coastal wetlands in the US and Canada. Monitoring of approximately 200 wetlands per year began in 2011 as the Great Lakes Coastal Wetland Monitoring Program. In this paper, we describe the development, delivery, and expected results of this ongoing international, multi-disciplinary, multi-stakeholder, landscape-scale monitoring program as a case example of successful application of landscape conservation design.

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Leveraging a Landscape-Level Monitoring and Assessment Program for Developing Resilient Shorelines throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes

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Leveraging a Landscape-Level Monitoring and Assessment Program for Developing Resilient Shorelines throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes