The replacement of synchronous generator (SG) via inertia-less renewable energy sources (RES), proves to be a huge threat for grid stability. To protect the grid from failure, derivative controlled energy storing systems (ESS) are extensively used for providing virtual inertia support. However, the short life span, maintenance requirement, large space, and high cost of ESS; put an extra burden on the economics of microgrid. This paper proposes a novel PI damping based virtual inertia technique, which de-loads the PV for generating virtual inertia reserve (VIR). This VIR strengthen the weak microgrids and enhanced their dynamic response during the contingency period, without ESS. To test the effectiveness of the proposed model, different practical situations are simulated ranging from heavy rain conditions to deep RES penetration. Simulation results confirm the excellence of the proposed model over conventional and ESS based virtual inertia techniques.

Self-Regulated Solar PV Systems: Replacing Battery via Virtual Inertia Reserve

Development of carbon capture technologies is now considered to be an effective way to alleviate global warming, as they not only separate CO2 from the gas mixture, but also prepare it for further utilization. Selection of adsorbents is still in the research stage. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are attracting attention as powerful candidates for the most ideal carbon capture adsorbents due to excellent properties. A comprehensive review of the mainstream carbon capture technologies using MOFs was presented. A brief introduction of MOFs is given, describing their general properties, the adsorption mechanisms of rigid and flexible MOFs, and current methods for synthesis of MOFs. Gas separation tasks and working conditions of different carbon capture technologies are compared. Adsorbent regeneration cycles in each carbon capture process were described including TSA, PSA, VSA, and ESA. Some critical indicators for evaluating carbon capture performance are proposed for screening of MOFs. 

A Critical Review on Potential Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) in Adsorptive Carbon Capture Technologies

Excessive CO2 emissions have contributed to global environmental issues, driving the development of CO2 capture adsorbents. Among various candidates, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are considered the most promising due to their unique microporous structure. Herein, a series of partially interpenetrated MOFs named UPC-XX were built to investigate the continuous enhancement in CO2 capture performance via synergistic effects from functional group, pore size, and steric-hindrance using theoretical calculations. It’s showed that the introduction of functional groups improved the structure polarity and created more adsorption sites, thus, enhanced CO2 capture capacity. The pore size modification augments the exposure of adsorption sites to mitigate the negative impact of pore space and surface area reduction caused by the introduction of functional groups, thereby further increasing the CO2 capture capacity. The steric-hindrance effect optimized the adsorption sites distribution, which hasn’t been considered in the previous two regulation strategies, thus, further increased the CO2 capture capacity. The results underscore UPC-MOFs as outstanding adsorbent materials, among the UPC-MOFs, UPC-OSO3-steric exhibited the highest CO2 capture capacity of 12.69 mmol/g with selectivities of 1142.41 (CO2 over N2) and 507.42 (CO2 over CH4) at 1.0 bar, 298 K. And the synergistic effect mechanisms of functional group, structure size, and steric hindrance were elucidated through theoretical calculations analyzing pore characteristics, gas distribution, isosteric heat, and van der Waals/Coulomb interactions. 

Enhanced CO2 capture in partially interpenetrated MOFs: Synergistic effects from functional group, pore size, and steric-hindrance

http://manuscript.elsevier.com/S1385894722030327/pdf/S1385894722030327.pdf

Unraveling the role of operating pressure in the rapid formation of Cu-BDC MOF via a microdroplet approach

Unraveling the Role of Operating Pressure in the Rapid Formation of Cu-Bdc Mof Via a Microdroplet Approach

An Experimental Strategy for Evaluating the Energy Performance of Metal–Organic Framework-Based Carbon Dioxide Adsorbents

Wind turbines (WTs)can participate into frequency regulation of power systems by over-speed de-loading control. With conventional de-loading control, before frequency disturbances, the WT operates at a de-loading point with a reduced active power output instead of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), preserving a certain amount of wind power reserve for frequency support. During the frequency regulation, the operating point of the WT moves back to the MPPT curve, increasing its active power output to support system frequency regulation. However, since the WT can operate over a wide range of rotor speed, after reaching the MPPT curve, the WT can further provide active power support by decreasing its rotor speed and releasing the kinetic energy stored in its rotating mass. This paper proposes an enhanced frequency regulation strategy for WTs based on the conventional over-speed de-loading control. By exploiting both the wind power reserve and the kinetic energy, the active power support of the WT during frequency regulation can be significantly increased. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy can improve the system frequency response by reducing the frequency excursion. Meanwhile, the system secondary frequency drop can be avoided.

Enhanced Frequency Regulation Strategy for Wind Turbines Based on Over-speed De-loading Control

Comparative investigation on techno-economics of cascade supercritical CO2 combined cycles for waste heat recovery of typical gas turbines

An optimal current allocation strategy for doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farms during low voltage ride-through (LVRT) is proposed in this paper. According to the current constraint of converters, the active/reactive operating domain of the DFIG-based WTG generator (WTG) is depicted, which gives that the WTG has different support capacity with different operating points. It is meaningful to allocate the current with consideration of its operating points. For different voltage dips, the same margin and the maximum active current principle are used respectively to optimize the current allocation. A fault voltage support datasheet is formed and sent to the WTGs in advance. Once a fault occurs, WTGs can react quickly to support active and reactive current according to the datasheet. The proposed control strategy can take full advantage of the remaining capacity and maximize the active current support in slight and severe fault condition, respectively. It is validated by simulation with DIgSILENT PowerFactory. The results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.1

Optimal Current Allocation Strategy of DFIG-based Wind Farm during LVRT

These days the wind power in the power system is increasing. It is very important to build a reasonable wind farm grid-connected model to study the dynamic characteristics of the power system. Due to the small capacity of wind turbines and many single units, the detailed modeling will have problems such as high model order and long simulation time. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out equivalent modeling of wind farms. At present, the research on the equivalence of wind turbines mainly focuses on the equivalence of wind turbine electrical modules. They cannot fit the low voltage ride-through characteristics of wind turbines well. Therefore, this paper proposes an equivalent method for LVRT characteristics of wind farms based on PSO. The simulation results in PSASP show that the equivalent method can reduce the model order and improve the simulation calculation speed by performing dynamic equivalence of wind turbines. And these winds have the same structure and control method but different LVRT control parameters.

Low Voltage Ride Through Equivalence of Centralized Doubly-Fed Wind Farm Based on Particle Swarm Optimization

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