Evidence from previous coronavirus outbreaks has shown that infected patients are at risk for developing psychiatric and mental health disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances. To construct a comprehensive picture of the mental health status in COVID-19 patients, we conducted a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances in this population. We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Wanfang Data, Wangfang Med Online, CNKI, and CQVIP for relevant articles, and we included 31 studies (n = 5153) in our analyses. We found that the pooled prevalence of depression was 45% (95% CI: 37-54%, I2  = 96%), the pooled prevalence of anxiety was 47% (95% CI: 37-57%, I2  = 97%), and the pooled prevalence of sleeping disturbances was 34% (95% CI: 19-50%, I2  = 98%). We did not find any significant differences in the prevalence estimates between different genders; however, the depression and anxiety prevalence estimates varied based on different screening tools. More observational studies assessing the mental wellness of COVID-19 outpatients and COVID-19 patients from countries other than China are needed to further examine the psychological implications of COVID-19 infections.

https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/nyas.14506

The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances in COVID-19 patients: a meta-analysis

STUDY OBJECTIVES: No systematic review or meta-analysis has yet been conducted to examine the impact of the pandemic on the prevalence of sleep problems among the general population, healthcare workers, or COVID-19 patients. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to assess the impact and prevalence of sleep problems among those categories. METHODS: APA PsycINFO; Cochrane; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL); EBSCOhost; EMBASE; Google Scholar; MEDLINE; ProQuest Medical; ScienceDirect; Scopus; and Web of Science from 01 November 2019 to 05 July 2020. Additionally, four preprints servers (medRxiv.org; Preprints.org; psyarxiv.com; arXiv.org; biorxiv.org) were also searched for papers accepted after peer-review but not yet published and indexed. There was no language restriction. The random-effect models meta-analysis model were used with the DerSimonian and Laird methodology. RESULTS: Forty-four papers, involving a total of 54,231 participants from 13 countries, were judged relevant and contributed to the systematic review and meta-analysis of sleep problems during COVID-19. The global pooled prevalence rate of sleep problems among all populations was 35.7% [95%CI 29.4-42.4%]. COVID-19 patients appeared to be the most affected group, with a pooled rate of 74.8% [95%CI 28.7-95.6%]. Healthcare workers and the general population had comparative rates of sleep problems with rates of 36.0% [95%CI 21.1-54.2%] and 32.3% [95%CI 25.3-40.2%], respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic is high and approximately affect 40% of people from the general and healthcare populations. COVID-19 active patients appeared to have higher prevalence rates of sleep problems.

Sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic by population: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Prevalence of mental health problems among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

It has become evident that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a multi-organ pathology that includes the brain and nervous system. Several studies have also reported acute psychiatric symptoms in COVID-19 patients. An increasing number of studies are suggesting that psychiatric deficits may persist after recovery from the primary infection. In the current systematic review, we provide an overview of the available evidence and supply information on potential risk factors and underlying biological mechanisms behind such psychiatric sequelae. We performed a systematic search for psychiatric sequelae in COVID-19 patients using the databases PubMed and Embase. Included primary studies all contained information on the follow-up period and provided quantitative measures of mental health. The search was performed on June 4th 2021. 1725 unique studies were identified. Of these, 66 met the inclusion criteria and were included. Time to follow-up ranged from immediately after hospital discharge up to 7 months after discharge, and the number of participants spanned 3 to 266,586 participants. Forty studies reported anxiety and/or depression, 20 studies reported symptoms- or diagnoses of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 27 studies reported cognitive deficits, 32 articles found fatigue at follow-up, and sleep disturbances were found in 23 studies. Highlighted risk factors were disease severity, duration of symptoms, and female sex. One study showed brain abnormalities correlating with cognitive deficits, and several studies reported inflammatory markers to correlate with symptoms. Overall, the results from this review suggest that survivors of COVID-19 are at risk of psychiatric sequelae but that symptoms generally improve over time.

Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19 - A systematic review.

Sleep problems during COVID-19 pandemic and its’ association to psychological distress: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Graded regulation technology for enhanced oil recovery and water shutoff in pore-cavity-fracture carbonate reservoirs

The development of natural fractures (NFs) in shale gas reservoirs is conducive to improving the productivity of shale gas wells. However, NF development leads to high-frequency frac hits between the infill and parent wells, which critically restricts its efficiency. To elucidate the large contribution of hydraulic fractures (HFs) and NFs in frac hits during the production and the development of NF-developed shale gas reservoirs, such reservoirs in the WY area of western China are taken as an example. A total of 197 frac hits well events in this area are systematically classified via the frac-hit discrimination method, and the effects of different factors on HF- and NF- dominated frac hits are classified and studied. Combined with the correlation analysis method and the chart method, the main controlling factors affecting the two types of frac hits are determined, and the corresponding frac-hit prevention countermeasures are proposed. The research demonstrates that (1) the distribution and development of NFs are crucial to production after frac hits. NFs and HFs in the WY area cause 51% and 49%, respectively, of the frac hits. (2) The main controlling factors in NF-dominated frac hits are the approximation angle, fracture linear density, and horizontal stress difference, whereas they are net pressure in fractures, horizontal stress difference, and liquid strength in HF-dominated frac hits. Sensitivity analysis shows that the NF activation difficulty coefficient fluctuates between −35.1% and 47.6%, and the maximum hydraulic fracture length fluctuates between −43.5% and 25.29%. (3) The corresponding frac-hit prevention countermeasures are proposed for the two types of formation mechanisms from different approaches, including frac-hit risk assessment and path planning, production well pressurization and stress diversion, and infill-well fracturing parameter optimization. This paper not only provides a reference for exploring the formation mechanism of frac hits in fractured shale gas reservoirs but also a theoretical basis for the corresponding frac-hit prevention countermeasures. 

Frac-Hit Prevention Countermeasures in Shale Gas Reservoirs with Natural Fractures

The SportsMOT dataset aims to solve multiple object tracking of athletes in different sports scenes such as basketball or soccer. The dataset is challenging because of the unstable camera view, athletes' complex trajectory, and complicated background. Previous MOT methods can not match enough high-quality tracks of athletes. To pursue higher performance of MOT in sports scenes, we introduce an innovative tracker named SportsTrack, we utilize tracking by detection as our detection paradigm. Then we will introduce a three-stage matching process to solve the motion blur and body overlapping in sports scenes. Meanwhile, we present another innovation point: one-to-many correspondence between detection bboxes and crowded tracks to handle the overlap of athletes' bodies during sports competitions. Compared to other trackers such as BOT-SORT and ByteTrack, We carefully restored edge-lost tracks that were ignored by other trackers. Finally, we reached the SOTA result in the SportsMOT dataset.

SportsTrack: An Innovative Method for Tracking Athletes in Sports Scenes

The immediate impact of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak on subjective sleep status.

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Graded regulation technology for enhanced oil recovery and water shutoff in pore-cavity-fracture carbonate reservoirs

Frac-Hit Prevention Countermeasures in Shale Gas Reservoirs with Natural Fractures

SportsTrack: An Innovative Method for Tracking Athletes in Sports Scenes

The immediate impact of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak on subjective sleep status.