Removal of dyes from wastewaters by adsorption on pillared clays

Interactions of clay minerals with organic pollutants

Removal of malathion and butachlor from aqueous solution by clays and organoclays

Dioxins are generated in all waste incinerators, and activated carbon has been used since 1991 as the adsorbent. However, no equilibrium adsorption information is available because no experimental technique has been developed for measuring adsorption for such low-volatile organic compounds at the low concentrations that are of interest (i.e., parts per trillion to parts per billion levels). A new technique based on temperature-programmed desorption is developed for quick screening of sorbents and for determination of the activation energy for desorption. This information is used further for estimating the equilibrium isotherm. Twelve sorbents are screened for dioxin (nonchloro form) adsorption, and the equilibrium isotherms are estimated.

Adsorbents for dioxins: A new technique for sorbent screening for low-volatile organics

Removing 2,4-D from water by organo-clays

The removal of trace levels of dioxins from water by sorption on modified clay

The treatment of smectites with a hydroxy-A1 polymer produced chemically modified clays that had much greater affinities for chlorinated dioxins and biphenyls than untreated clays. For hydroxy- Al-treated kaolinite, the high affinity for chlorinated dioxins is thought to have arisen from an interaction between the hydroxy-A1 polymer bound to the clay and the chlorinated dioxin in solution. Thus, the adsorption of dioxins from aqueous solution by hydroxy-Al-treated clays is similar to the adsorption of reactants from the gas phase by metals supported on mineral oxides during catalysis. In both systems, the essentially inert mineral oxide support effectively disperses the active adsorptive agent. At the con- centrations of octachlorodioxin used in this study (-< 5 ppb), hydroxy-Al-montmorillonite had a distri- bution coefficient of 90,000 (ml/g), corresponding to about 95% removal efficiency of the dioxin from solution per batch. For hexachlorohiphenyl, the distribution coefficient was 30,000 (mi/g), and the removal efficiency was 85%. Key Wards--Adsorption, Biphenyl, Dioxin, Hydroxy-A1, Kaolinite, Pollutant, Smectite.

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1346/CCMN.1989.0370515.pdf

Dioxon sorption by hydroxy-aluminum-treated clays

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The removal of trace levels of dioxins from water by sorption on modified clay

Dioxon sorption by hydroxy-aluminum-treated clays