As one of core technologies of smart grid, demand response (DR) helps improving electricity efficiency and optimizing power consumption way. In addition to having advanced technologies and applications of communication and computing infrastructures, the security of DR is still an issue deserving research to defend against evolving cyber attacks. In this paper, a security mechanism for DR is proposed to solve the security problem using Role Based Access Control (RBAC)and Publish/subscribe (Pub/sub). Different from traditional security schemes in DR, not only real existed entities such as the electricity suppliers and users but also logical subjects such as DR event are taken into consideration. It realizes the logical separation of users and permissions and grants role with secure analysis based on Support Vector Machines (SVM). A Pub/sub based communication scheme acquires greater network scalability and a more dynamic network topology with the help of group key distribution algorithm.

A Security Mechanism for Demand Response Using RBAC and Pub/sub

Group communication for Smart Grid, because of its special characteristics of large-scale nodes, open communication channel and high packets loss rate, making secure group communication of Smart Grid face many security threatens, so how to realize secure communication between groups and how to establish secure session keys shared between nodes has been the focus of Smart Grid. Aimed at the problem mentioned above, a group key distribution scheme based on three hash chains is proposed for Smart Grid. This scheme introduces a self-healing hash chain based on two-way hash chain, when a node is revoked, the corresponding self-healing hash value will be replaced by a new random value, so that revoked nodes can't realize collusion attack with the newly added node; This scheme also takes into account the problem of high packet loss rate in Smart Grid, and realizes self-healing property. The security and performance analysis shows that the scheme can meet the security requirements of group communication for Smart Grid, and it has the characteristics of dynamic revocation and resisting collusion. The scheme also reduces the storage overhead and the communication load of node to a large extent, and can meet the performance requirements of group communication for Smart Grid.

A Scheme of Key Distribution in Smart Grid

Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that possesses characteristics such as decentralization, tamper resistance, and programmability. However, while blockchain ensures transaction openness and transparency, transaction privacy is also at risk of being exposed. Therefore, this paper proposes the blockchain transaction privacy protection method based on the stealth address and the note mechanism to address the privacy leakage risk in blockchain public environments. Firstly, the proposed method generates a random seed known only to the parties involved based on the Diffie–Hellman key exchange protocol, ensuring the privacy of transactions. Then, it utilizes the Note Commitments table to maintain the binding relationship between the stealth address and the corresponding note, enabling efficient transfer and verification of note ownership. The uniqueness of the stealth address is utilized as an invalidation identifier for notes in the Nullifier table, ensuring efficient verification of the correctness of note invalidation identifiers. Additionally, this method employs Pedersen commitment and Bulletproofs range proof to generate proof of the legality of transaction amounts, enabling the concealment of transaction amounts and facilitating private transactions between the parties involved. Finally, this paper presents a detailed performance analysis, implementation, and testing of the method. From the results, it can be concluded that the method proposed can effectively prevent fraudulent behavior by various transaction participants and ensure the security, privacy, and integrity of the transaction. Critical processes consume only milliseconds, and the related commitments and proofs are also minimal, which is crucial for controlling transaction costs. At the same time, this method achieves a completely decentralized privacy transaction solution. 

Privacy Protection Method for Blockchain Transactions Based on the Stealth Address and the Note Mechanism

Today, medical images play a critical role in the process of disease diagnosis and treatment. However, with the widespread adoption of digital technology, privacy and security concerns regarding medical images have become increasingly significant. This paper proposes a robust zero watermarking algorithm for medical images based on RegNet-DCT and Scharr-DCT fusion features, which aims to protect the privacy of medical images while maintaining image quality and the availability of diagnostic information. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we have carried out extensive experiments on it. The experimental results show that the algorithm performs well in protecting the privacy information of medical images, and does not compromise the diagnostic information of images; Compared with other algorithms, this algorithm also has strong robustness and can effectively resist some common conventional attacks and geometric attacks. Therefore, the robust zero watermarking algorithm for medical images based on RegNet DCT and Scharr-DCT fusion features proposed in this paper provides an innovative and effective solution for medical image privacy protection.

Robust Zero-Watermarking Algorithm for Medical Images Based on RegNet-DCT Fuse Scharr-DCT

Distributing session keys for secure communication in an unreliable wireless network is a challenging issue due to the traffic congestion and the security problem. The self-healing key distribution is an efficient technique to reduce the traffic and provide good security performance. In this paper, we propose a new self-healing key distribution scheme based on the key-chain tree (KCT) for wireless networks. In the proposed scheme, group manager selects keys to encrypt session keys according to the position of revoked users in the KCT. Simulation results show that compared to existing schemes, the proposed scheme achieves a higher flexibility and a lower communication overhead.

Self-Healing Key Distribution Scheme Based on the Key-Chain Tree in Unreliable Wireless Networks

The anonymity and de-anonymity of blockchain and Bitcoin have always been a hot topic in blockchain related research. Since Bitcoin was created by Nakamoto in 2009, it has, to some extent, deviated from its currency attribute as a trading medium but instead turned into an object for financial investment and operations. In this paper, the power-law distribution that the Bitcoin network obeys is given with mathematical proof, while traditional de-anonymous methods such as clustering fail to satisfy it. Therefore, considering the profit-oriented characteristics of Bitcoin traders in such occasion, we put forward a de-anonymous heuristic approach that recognizes and analyzes the behavioral patterns of financial High-Frequency Transactions(HFT), with realtime exchange rate of Bitcoin involved. With heuristic approach used for de-anonymity, algorithm that deals with the adjacency matrix and transition probability matrix are also put forward, which then makes it possible to apply clustering to the IP matching method. Basing on the heuristic approach and additional algorithm for clustering, finally we established the de-anonymous method that matches the activity information of the IP with the transaction records in blockchain. Experiments on IP matching method are applied to the actual data. It turns out that similar behavioral pattern between IP and transaction records are shown, which indicates the superiority of IP matching method.

Analyzing and de-anonymizing Bitcoin networks: An IP matching method with clustering and heuristics

The traditional medical record system is stored in the hospital side, which is not convenient for data sharing and transmission between hospitals; Patients can see the medical records data, therefore it is challenging to maintain patient privacy. Based on this, a disaster-tolerant Alliance blockchain is used to construct a distributed electronic medical record system that includes a peer-to-peer (P2P) network with mutually lengthy links and improved Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (I-PBFT). The system encourages medical data exchange and sharing, makes the flow of medical data transparent to patients, and transfers ownership of medical records back to patients, turning medical data into a valuable data asset for patients. 

Research of Electronic Medical Record System Based on Blockchain

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Papers

Self-Healing Key Distribution Scheme Based on the Key-Chain Tree in Unreliable Wireless Networks

Analyzing and de-anonymizing Bitcoin networks: An IP matching method with clustering and heuristics

Research of Electronic Medical Record System Based on Blockchain