A weather station can be described as an instrument or device, which provides us with the information of the weather in our neighbouring environment. For example it can provide us with details about the surrounding temperature, barometric pressure, humidity, etc. Hence, this device basically senses the temperature, pressure, humidity, light intensity, rain value. There are various types of sensors present in the prototype, using which all the aforementioned parameters can be measured. It can be used to monitor the temperature or humidity of a particular room/place. With the help of temperature and humidity we can calculate other data parameters, such as the dew point. In addition to the above mentioned functionalities, we can monitor the light intensity of the place as well. We have also enabled to monitor the atmospheric pressure of the room. We can also monitor the rain value. The brain of the prototype is the ESP8266 based Wi-fi module Nodemcu (12E). Four sensors are connected to the NodeMCU namely temperature and humidity sensor(DHT11), pressure sensor(BMP180), raindrop module, and light dependent resistor(LDR). Whenever these values exceed a chosen threshold limit for each an SMS, an E-mail and a Tweet post is published alerting the owner of the appliance to take necessary measures.

IoT based weather station

Application of Internet of Things and artificial intelligence for smart fitness: A survey

The concept of Internet of Things (IoT) requires the seamless connectivity of millions of heterogeneous devices. In today's World, implementation of IoT based smart home has drawn a huge attraction and become a prominent area of research. This research work presents an approach for smart home automation using IoT that can be controlled wirelessly. Home automation system means monitoring and controlling of home appliances remotely using the concept of internet of things (IOT). In this method we use mobiles or computers to control the basic home appliance and make it function through the designed web page with internet connection/local area network (LAN) servers. This type of home is also known as smart home. The concept of applying automation in the sectors of housing is selling like hot cake. Western countries have welcomed the concept of automation into their homes with open arms. Our country is keeping up with the pace of modernization too. Different approaches to automating homes have been implemented. The best among this is home automation system using IOT. IOT provides the feasibility of operating the home automation system from anywhere around the world using internet. It reduces use of excessive or unnecessary human efforts and improves the standard of living of the people in our society.

Review and Performance Analysis on Wireless Smart Home and Home Automation using IoT

This paper presents the development of a ThingSpeak IoT on Real Time Room Condition Monitoring System with temperature and humidity measured for room condition. Many conditions like temperature and humidity monitoring systems have been designed previously but some lack systems are identified where it does not provide adaptively connections and alert to webpages on logging data collections. Thus, understanding the previous system model is important to compare the importance of new build parameters in designing the new system. An evaluation of the current model, hardware and software are important before a new architecture is developed. This research has developed a prototype system to monitor remotely a room temperature and humidity condition. The designed system assisted with an internet monitoring system for the room. Research methods consist of two parts involved hardware and software development. The hardware development covers the connections of temperature sensor and the software involved constructed coding using the C language program. The program then is compiled and uploaded into the Arduino MEGA 2560 to display the temperature of the room. An open-source Internet of Things called ThingSpeak is used as a platform to retrieve and display the collected data. Real-time monitoring can be accessed through smartphones and web applications. A room is analyzed in data gathering on time and daily basis conditions. This study has been considered successfully implemented and it is a significant study that performs on new IoT platforms and adaptively ready to monitor a room remotely.

A ThingSpeak IoT on Real Time Room Condition Monitoring System

The scarcity of clean water resources around the globe has generated a need for their optimum utilization. Internet of Things (IoT) solutions, based on the application specific sensors’ data acquisition and intelligent processing, are bridging the gaps between the cyber and physical worlds. IoT based smart irrigation systems can help in achieving optimum water-resource utilization in the precision farming landscape. This paper presents an open-source technology based smart system to predict the irrigation requirements of a field using the sensing of ground parameter like soil moisture, soil temperature, and environmental conditions along with the weather forecast data from the Internet. The intelligence of the proposed system is based on a smart algorithm, which considers sensed data along with the weather forecast parameters like precipitation, air temperature, humidity, and UV for the near future. The complete system has been developed and deployed on a pilot scale, where the sensor node data is wirelessly collected over the cloud using webservices and a web-based information visualization and decision support system provides the real-time information insights based on the analysis of sensors data and weather forecast data. The paper describes the system and discusses in detail the information processing results of three weeks data based on the proposed algorithm. The system is fully functional and the prediction results are very encouraging.

/pdf/an-iot-based-smart-irrigation-system-using-soil-moisture-and-81lwt0b1v1.pdf

An IOT based Smart Irrigation System using Soil Moisture and Weather Prediction

A Wi-Fi wireless platform with embedded Linux web server and its integration into a network of sensor nodes for building automation and industrial automation is implemented here. In this system focus is on developing an ESP8266 based Low cost Wi-Fi based wireless sensor network, the IEEE 802.11n protocol is used for system. In most of the existing wireless sensor network are designed based on ZigBee and RF. The pecking order of the system is such that the lowest level is that of the sensors, the in-between level is the controllers, and the highest level is a supervisory node. The supervisor can be react as an active or passive. The system is shown to permit all achievable controller failure scenarios. The supervisor can handle the entire control load of all controllers, should the need arise. An integrated system platform which can provide Linux web server, database, and PHP run-time environment was built by using ARM Linux development board with Apache+PHP+SQLite3. Various Internet accesses were offered by using Wi-Fi wireless networks communication technology. Raspberry Pi use as a main server in the system and which connects the sensor nodes via Wi-Fi in the wireless sensor network and collects sensors data from different sensors, and supply multi-clients services including data display through an Embedded Linux based Web-Server.

ESP8266 based implementation of wireless sensor network with Linux based web-server

Effect of Electrical Grade Glass fibers and Alkaline Resistant Glass fibers on high strength concrete


 
 Understanding the sources and controlling processes of various groundwater contaminants and their removal methods is extremely important, as groundwater contamination is intricately linked to human health. Chromium (Cr) is a common groundwater contaminant with both natural and anthropogenic origins. Dissolved Cr exists in hexavalent and trivalent forms – while the former is carcinogenic and more soluble – the latter is a micronutrient at low levels and is less soluble. Therefore, most chromium removal methods rely on reducing the hexavalent chromium to its trivalent state to decrease the Cr-toxicity. In recent years, several experimental methods have been attempted for hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous media/groundwater. This paper reviews the recent findings on Cr removal by important, effective, and widely used methods such as adsorption by nanoscale zero-valent Fe-based and conventional materials, electrocoagulation (EC), and bioremediation. The reaction pathways, mechanisms, and effectiveness of each method are also highlighted. The role of parameters such as solution pH and temperature, initial Cr(VI) concentration, contact time with the reducing agent, adsorbent dose, and the presence of competing ions on Cr removal was evaluated. Many of the methods exhibit high (>90%) Cr removal efficiency; the main challenge would be to apply these methods for large-scale water treatment.

/pdf/remediation-processes-of-hexavalent-chromium-from-2px74ol7.pdf

Remediation processes of hexavalent chromium from groundwater: a short review

The research of seismic hazards along with their preparedness is critical for the development of structures which are both safe and economically effective. Ankleshwar, also known as the "Chemical Capital of India," is located in Bharuch district situated on Gujarat's south-west coast and it is categorised as seismic zone III by the Indian seismic zonation system. Past earthquake data and accessible seismotectonic information were used to conduct a deterministic seismic hazard study of the Bharuch region. After processing earthquake data obtained from 1819 to 2019, a separate seismic catalogue encompassing a 400-kilometer radius around Bharuch city was created. To get rid of the dependent events, the complete catalogue was declustered. Using basic mathematical procedures, the minimum distances from every seismic source generating tectonic activity were estimated. Predictive correlations for the region were used to estimate the Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values at bedrock level. The present analysis shows that with a maximum probable earthquake of magnitude 5.8 triggered by the Narmada Son Fault (NSF), the values of PGA of Bharuch region have ranged from 0.086 to 0.51 g. The key design parameters for the Bharuch city and surrounding region are provided by the PGA model discussed in this study.

Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis of Bharuch City and Surrounding Region

An Analytical Study on Difference Between Organized and Unorganized Retailing Sector in State of Gujarat

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