Slots or defects integrated on the ground plane of microwave planar circuits are referred to as Defected Ground Structure. DGS is adopted as an emerging technique for improving the various parameters of microwave circuits, that is, narrow bandwidth, cross-polarization, low gain, and so forth. This paper presents an introduction and evolution of DGS and how DGS is different from former technologies: PBG and EBG. A basic concept behind the DGS technology and several theoretical techniques for analysing the Defected Ground Structure are discussed. Several applications of DGS in the field of filters, planar waveguides, amplifiers, and antennas are presented.

/pdf/defected-ground-structure-fundamentals-analysis-and-27vyawjqvf.pdf

Defected Ground Structure: Fundamentals, Analysis, and Applications in Modern Wireless Trends

Metamaterial absorbers have been widely studied and continuously concerned owing to their excellent resonance features of ultra‐thin thickness, light‐weight, and high absorbance. Their applications, however, are typically restricted by the intrinsic dispersion of materials and strong resonant features of patterned arrays (mainly referring to narrow absorption bandwidth). It is, therefore essential to reassert the principles of building broadband metamaterial absorbers (BMAs). Herein, the research progress of BMAs from principles, design strategies, tunable properties to functional applications are comprehensively and deeply summarized. Physical principles behind broadband absorption are briefly discussed, typical design strategies in realizing broadband absorption are further emphasized, such as top‐down lithography, bottom‐up self‐assembly, and emerging 3D printing technology. Diversified active components choices, including optical response, temperature response, electrical response, magnetic response, mechanical response, and multi‐parameter responses, are reviewed in achieving dynamically tuned broadband absorption. Following this, the achievements of various interdisciplinary applications for BMAs in energy‐harvesting, photodetectors, radar‐IR dual stealth, bolometers, noise absorbing, imaging, and fabric wearable are summarized. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for future development of BMAs are discussed.

Review of Broadband Metamaterial Absorbers: From Principles, Design Strategies, and Tunable Properties to Functional Applications

A novel dual-band bandpass filter with meander-loop resonator and complement split-ring resonator (CSRR) defected ground structure (DGS) is proposed in this letter. Microstrip meanderloop resonator and CSRR DGS are operated for respective passbands. Several finite attenuation poles in stopbands are realized to improve the selectivity of the proposed bandpass filter and isolation between the two passbands. Compact size, dual band and high selectivity characteristics are realized by this type of filter structure. The filter is evaluated by experiment and simulation with very good agreement.

/pdf/design-of-novel-dual-band-bandpass-filter-with-microstrip-wa0stmr4cw.pdf

Design of Novel Dual-Band Bandpass Filter with Microstrip Meander-Loop Resonator and CSRR DGS

In order to satisfy the power thirst of communication devices in the imminent fifth generation era, wireless charging techniques have attracted much attention both from the academic and industrial communities Although the inductive coupling and magnetic resonance-based charging techniques are indeed capable of supplying energy in a wireless manner, they tend to restrict the freedom of movement By contrast, radio frequency (RF) signals are capable of supplying energy over distances, which are gradually inclining closer to our ultimate goal—charging anytime and anywhere Furthermore, transmitters capable of emitting RF signals have been widely deployed, such as TV towers, cellular base stations, and Wi-Fi access points This communication infrastructure may indeed be employed also for wireless energy transfer (WET) Therefore, no extra investment in dedicated WET infrastructure is required However, allowing RF signal-based WET may impair the wireless information transfer (WIT) operating in the same spectrum Hence, it is crucial to coordinate and balance WET and WIT for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer, which evolves to integrated data and energy communication networks (IDENs) To this end, a ubiquitous IDEN architecture is introduced by summarizing its natural heterogeneity and by synthesizing a diverse range of integrated WET and WIT scenarios Then the inherent relationship between WET and WIT is revealed from an information theoretical perspective, which is followed by the critical appraisal of the hardware enabling techniques extracting energy from RF signals Furthermore, the transceiver design, resource allocation, and user scheduling as well as networking aspects are elaborated on In a nutshell, this treatise can be used as a handbook for researchers and engineers, who are interested in enriching their knowledge base of IDENs and in putting this vision into practice

/pdf/integrated-data-and-energy-communication-network-a-27pizx991f.pdf

Integrated Data and Energy Communication Network: A Comprehensive Survey

A novel approach for the design of a compact multiband planar microstrip antenna is presented. This type of antenna is composed of composite metamaterial resonators (including conditional microstrip resonators and metamaterial resonators), and fed by signal feed. A sample antenna with composite closed-ring resonator and split-ring resonator (SRR) fed by 50 Ω coplanar waveguide (CPW) developed on FR4 epoxy substrate for multi-band wireless communication applications is presented. Appropriate design of the composite structure resulted in three discontinuous resonant bands. The fundamental magnetic resonant and electric resonant frequency of SRR and the first electric resonant frequency of the closed-ring resonator were combined to form low, middle, and high resonant band. The properties of this antenna are investigated by theoretical analysis and finite element method (FEM) simulations. The numerical results show that the proposed antenna has good impedance bandwidth and radiation characteristics in the three operating bands which cover the required band widths of the 2.4/5.2/5.8GHz wireless local-area networks (WLAN) and 3.5/5.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMax) with return loss of better than 10 dB. The antenna also has stably omni-directional H-plane radiation patterns within the three operating bands.

/pdf/cpw-fed-multi-band-omni-directional-planar-microstrip-4pfeo9beba.pdf

CPW-Fed Multi-Band Omni-Directional Planar Microstrip Antenna Using Composite Metamaterial Resonators for Wireless Communications

This letter presents a novel stub-loaded quad-mode resonator Due to the structure geometry, even-odd-mode analysis is applied twice to explain the modal characteristics Each of the four modes equivalent circuits is a quarter-wavelength resonator, so the quad-mode resonator has a compact size The stub-to-stub coupling is introduced to split two identical odd-modes Meanwhile, these two coupling stubs are folded inward, and a new transmission zero is produced, which separates four modes into two parts corresponding to two passbands: the first one is formed by even-modes, and the second one is composed by odd-modes The center frequency and bandwidth of each passband can be controlled by the corresponding physical dimensions For demonstration, a dual-band bandpass filter (BPF) using the proposed quad-mode resonator is designed The simulated and measured results with good agreement are presented

Compact Microstrip Dual-Band Bandpass Filter Using a Novel Stub-Loaded Quad-Mode Resonator

In this communication, a high-gain substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) filtering patch antenna with low H-plane cross-polarization (cross-pol) and controllable radiation nulls is proposed. The antenna is composed of a radiation patch integrated with three pairs of shorting pins and a single layer SIW cavity with two transverse slots. The shorting pins loaded on the patch can improve the gain and reduce the H-plane cross-pol of the antenna. The long slot on the middle layer can not only split the TE110-mode resonator into two half-mode resonators but also generate magnetic coupling between half-mode resonators and the patch. Another short slot achieves mixed electric and magnetic coupling between the left half-mode resonator and the patch that introducing controllable radiation nulls to improve the selectivity. By adjusting the parameters of the short slot, the positions of two radiation nulls can be easily controlled. Finally, one prototype filtering antenna is fabricated and measured for demonstration. Experimental results show that the proposed SIW filtering antenna achieves a high gain of 9 dBi with only one radiator and has the merit of high-frequency selectivity as well as low H-plane cross-pol of lower than −43 dB.

High-Gain SIW Filtering Antenna With Low H-Plane Cross Polarization and Controllable Radiation Nulls

The equivalent-circuit of a split-ring resonator (SRR) defected ground structure (DGS) is investigated in this paper. The dependence of the transmission characteristic on the dimension of a split ring, such as side-length and split-gap, is analyzed in detail. In addition, an improved SRR DGS cell model with open stubs loaded on the conductor line is then presented to improve the out-band suppression. By using the equivalent-circuit analytical method, an S-band microstrip low-pass filter with perfect low-pass characteristic and high out-band suppression is designed and fabricated.

Equivalent-Circuit Analysis and Lowpass Filter Design of Split-ring Resonator DGS

A compact dual-mode filter is proposed by using rectangle structure. The filter has the characteristics of compact structure, low insertion loss and so on. Several attenuation poles in the stopband are realized to improve the selectivity of the proposed bandpass filter. The experimented results were in good agreement with simulated results.

/pdf/novel-design-of-dual-mode-bandpass-filter-using-rectangle-4cno434t7t.pdf

Novel design of dual-mode bandpass filter using rectangle structure

In this article, a novel class of dynamically tunable filtering attenuators with high selectivity and continuously tunable attenuation is proposed through the comprehensive design of graphene sandwiched structure (GSS), microstrip line, and half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW). The GSSs are loaded on microstrip resonators to reduce the resonance intensity, which results in a valid attenuation in the passband. A co-design method of GSS, microstrip resonator, and HMSIW coupling structure based on the equivalent circuit model is proposed to minimize the impact of graphene on the selectivity of filtering attenuator. A transmission zero located on the upper band is also introduced to enhance the selectivity. By varying the bias voltage on GSSs, a controllable attenuation from 1.7 to 8.4 dB can be obtained over the operating bandwidth centering at 1.72 GHz while preserving good selectivity. It is worth mentioning that the out-of-band suppression of the proposed filtering attenuator is also reduced from 40 to 50 dB. Another tunable filtering attenuator based on microstrip short-ended resonators is also designed to verify the method. Finally, a prototype is fabricated and measured and the measured results are in good agreement with the simulation results.

Dynamically Tunable Filtering Attenuator Based on Graphene Integrated Microstrip Resonators

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