ConspectusElectrocatalytic water splitting driven by renewable energy input to produce clean H2 has been widely viewed as a promising strategy of the future energy portfolio. Currently, the state-of-the-art electrocatalysts for water splitting in acidic solutions are IrO2 or RuO2 for the O2 evolution reaction (OER) and Pt for the H2 evolution reaction (HER). Realization of large-scale H2 production from water splitting requires competent nonprecious electrocatalysts. Despite the advances of decades in this field, several challenges still exist and need to be overcome: (1) Most efforts in the design of nonprecious electrocatalysts have focused on developing HER catalysts for acidic conditions but OER catalysts for alkaline conditions owing to their thermodynamic convenience, potentially resulting in incompatible integration of the two types of catalysts and thus inferior overall performance. (2) In conventional water electrolysis, HER and OER are strictly coupled and therefore H2 and O2 are produced simult...

Innovative Strategies for Electrocatalytic Water Splitting.

Low-dimensional materials have been examined as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Among them, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D-TMDs) such as MoS2 have been identified as potential candidates. However, the performance of TMDs toward HER in both acidic and basic media remains inferior to that of noble metals such as Pt and its alloys. This calls for investigating the influence of controlled defect engineering of 2D TMDs on their performance toward hydrogen production. Here, we explored the HER activity from defective multilayered MoS2 over a large range of surface S vacancy concentrations up to 90%. Amorphous MoS2 and 2H MoS2 with ultrarich S vacancies demonstrated the highest HER performance in acid and basic electrolytes, respectively. We also report that the HER performance from multilayered MoS2 can be divided into two domains corresponding to "point defects" at low concentrations of surface S vacancies (Stage 1) and large regions of undercoordinated Mo atoms for high concentrations of surface S vacancies (Stage 2). The highest performance is obtained for Stage 2 in the presence of undercoordinated Mo atoms with a TOF of similar to 2 s(-1) at an overpotential of 160 mV in 0.1 M KOH which compares favorably to the best results in the literature. Overall, our work provides deeper insight on the HER mechanism from defected MoS2 and provides guidance for the development of defect-engineered TMD-based electrocatalysts.

/pdf/role-of-sulfur-vacancies-and-undercoordinated-mo-regions-in-2wschyhv6w.pdf

Role of Sulfur Vacancies and Undercoordinated Mo Regions in MoS2 Nanosheets toward the Evolution of Hydrogen.

Electrocatalysts of the hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions (HER and HOR) are of critical importance for the realization of future hydrogen economy. In order to make electrocatalysts economically competitive for large-scale applications, increasing attention has been devoted to developing noble metal-free HER and HOR electrocatalysts especially for alkaline electrolytes due to the promise of emerging hydroxide exchange membrane fuel cells. Herein, we report that interface engineering of Ni3N and Ni results in a unique Ni3N/Ni electrocatalyst which exhibits exceptional HER/HOR activities in aqueous electrolytes. A systematic electrochemical study was carried out to investigate the superior hydrogen electrochemistry catalyzed by Ni3N/Ni, including nearly zero overpotential of catalytic onset, robust long-term durability, unity Faradaic efficiency, and excellent CO tolerance. Density functional theory computations were performed to aid the understanding of the electrochemical results and suggested that the real active sites are located at the interface between Ni3N and Ni.

/pdf/interfacing-nickel-nitride-and-nickel-boosts-both-2jebptqsng.pdf

Interfacing nickel nitride and nickel boosts both electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution and oxidation reactions.

Photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical processes are two key systems in harvesting sunlight for energy and environmental applications. As both systems are employing photoactive semiconductors as the major active component, strategies have been formulated to improve the properties of the semiconductors for better performances. However, requirements to yield excellent performances are different in these two distinctive systems. Although there are universal strategies applicable to improve the performance of photoactive semiconductors, similarities and differences exist when the semiconductors are to be used differently. Here, considerations on selected typical factors governing the performances in photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical systems, even though the same type of semiconductor is used, are provided. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms in relation to their photoactivities is of fundamental importance for rational design of high-performing photoactive materials, which may serve as a general guideline for the fabrication of good photocatalysts or photoelectrodes toward sustainable solar fuel generation.

https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:42f917d/UQ42f917d_OA.pdf

Photocatalytic and Photoelectrochemical Systems: Similarities and Differences

Biorefinery roadmap based on catalytic production and upgrading 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1751&context=chem_facpub

Electrolyzer Design for Flexible Decoupled Water Splitting and Organic Upgrading with Electron Reservoirs

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Tanner B. Hanson

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Electrolyzer Design for Flexible Decoupled Water Splitting and Organic Upgrading with Electron Reservoirs