Editors: Nola Purdie, Pat Dudgeon and Roz Walker Foreword by Tom Calma ‘Designed for practitioners and mental health workers, as well as students training to be mental health workers, I am confident that the publication of Working Together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Mental Health and Wellbeing Principles and Practice marks a watershed in the treatment of Indigenous mental health issues.’ Tom Calma Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner

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Working Together: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Mental Health and Wellbeing Principles and Practice

The current popularity of mentoring programs notwithstanding, questions remain about their typical effectiveness as well as the conditions required for them to achieve optimal positive outcomes for participating youth. In this report, we use the technique of meta-analysis (i.e., aggregating findings across multiple studies) to address these questions. As backdrop for our analysis, we begin with an overview of recent trends in youth mentoring practice, findings from prior research, and a developmental model of mentoring relationships and their potential effects on young people. Language: en

How Effective Are Mentoring Programs for Youth? A Systematic Assessment of the Evidence

This paper describes evidence-based kernels, fundamental units of behavioral influence that appear to underlie effective prevention and treatment for children, adults, and families. A kernel is a behavior-influence procedure shown through experimental analysis to affect a specific behavior and that is indivisible in the sense that removing any of its components would render it inert. Existing evidence shows that a variety of kernels can influence behavior in context, and some evidence suggests that frequent use or sufficient use of some kernels may produce longer lasting behavioral shifts. The analysis of kernels could contribute to an empirically based theory of behavioral influence, augment existing prevention or treatment efforts, facilitate the dissemination of effective prevention and treatment practices, clarify the active ingredients in existing interventions, and contribute to efficiently developing interventions that are more effective. Kernels involve one or more of the following mechanisms of behavior influence: reinforcement, altering antecedents, changing verbal relational responding, or changing physiological states directly. The paper describes 52 of these kernels, and details practical, theoretical, and research implications, including calling for a national database of kernels that influence human behavior.

/pdf/evidence-based-kernels-fundamental-units-of-behavioral-1gusrz1dei.pdf

Evidence-Based Kernels: Fundamental Units of Behavioral Influence.

This engaging book helps readers move beyond one-dimensional conceptualizations of identity to an understanding of the complex, overlapping cultural influences that form each of us. Pamela Hays' "ADDRESSING" framework enables therapists to better recognize and understand cultural influences as a multidimensional combination of Age, Developmental and acquired Disabilities, Religion, Ethnicity, Socioeconomic status, Sexual orientation, Indigenous heritage, Native origin, and Gender. Unlike other books on therapy with diverse clients, which tend to focus on working with one particular ethnic group, "Addressing Cultural Complexities in Practice" presents a framework that can be used with a person of any cultural identity.This second edition has been updated throughout and has new sections on cross-cultural assessment of trauma, on psychotherapy with people living in poverty, and on ethical boundaries and complex relationships in rural and minority communities. A special section describes how to integrate cultural considerations into the evidence-based practice of cognitive - behavioral therapy. Organized according to the flow of clinical work (in contrast to the one chapter-per-group approach), the book's contents are summarized in handy Key Tables at the end of each chapter for ease of use in education and supervision.This stimulating book will be an important resource for counselors, clinicians, and mental health professionals working with clients from a variety of backgrounds.

Addressing Cultural Complexities in Practice: Assessment, Diagnosis, and Therapy

The views expressed in this report are the authors' and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department for Education and Skills.

/pdf/what-works-in-parenting-support-a-review-of-the-t6lnt82xld.pdf

What works in parenting support: a review of the international evidence

The efficacy of psychological interventions for children has long been debated among mental health professionals; however, only recently has this issue received national attention, with the U.S. Public Health Service (2000) emphasizing the critical need for early intervention and empirically validated treatments tailored to children’s maturational needs. Play therapy is a developmentally responsive intervention widely used by child therapists but often criticized for lacking an adequate research base to support its growing practice. A meta-analysis of 93 controlled outcome studies (published 1953‐2000) was conducted to assess the overall efficacy of play therapy and to determine factors that might impact its effectiveness. The overall treatment effect for play therapy interventions was 0.80 standard deviations. Further analysis revealed that effects were more positive for humanistic than for nonhumanistic treatments and that using parents in play therapy produced the largest effects. Play therapy appeared equally effective across age, gender, and presenting issue.

/pdf/the-efficacy-of-play-therapy-with-children-a-meta-analytic-18o2sspuca.pdf

The Efficacy of Play Therapy With Children: A Meta-Analytic Review of Treatment Outcomes

rd party payers, mental health professionals, school administrators, parents, and critics of play therapy is necessary for the acceptance of play therapy as a viable and developmentally appropriate intervention for children. Meta-analytic methodology allows the researcher to analyze the effects of a treatment, in this case play therapy, by combining the results of individual studies into one large study; thus overcoming the limitations of small sample sizes often found in this kind of research. The authors conducted a meta-analysis of 94 play therapy outcome research studies involving children, all of which used an experimental design and met additional established criteria. A further analysis was conducted of studies measuring the effects of play therapy conducted by mental health professionals (called play therapy studies)and studies measuring the effectiveness of play therapy conducted by paraprofessionals, primarily parents, (called filial therapy). Results revealed a large positive effect on treatment outcomes across modality, gender, clinical vs. non-clinical populations, setting, and theoretical schools of thought. Additionally, positive play therapy effects were found to be greatest when there was a parent fully involved in the child’s treatment. Definitions Play Therapy: the systematic use of a theoretical model to establish an interpersonal process wherein trained play therapists use the therapeutic powers of play to help clients prevent or resolve psychosocial difficulties and achieve optimal growth and development (Association for Play Therapy). Filial Therapy: a therapeutic intervention that can help children by teaching parents (and other paraprofessionals such as teachers) basic play therapy principles and methods. Parents learn to become a constructive force for change in their children’s behaviors and attitudes by utilizing basic play therapy skills in once-a-week 30-minute play sessions with their children. Throughout the process, parents receive on-going training and direct supervision from a play therapist. Meta-Analysis: combines the results of individual studies by determining the amount of change of individuals in the treatment group versus those in the control or comparison group and then determining the average amount of change in a set of efficacy studies (Prout & Prout, 1998). Meta-analysis overcomes the limitations of small sample sizes and conflicting findings that may be attributable to small samples and allows broader reaching scientific discovery and more generalized conclusions. An effect size is calculated and reported in a d score which is essentially the average amount of change in standard deviation units achieved by individuals in a treated group versus the change achieved by members of a control/comparison group for a particular study. An effect size of 1.0 represents 1 standard deviation. According to Cohen (1977), d = .2 represents a small effect size; d = .5 represents a medium effect size; d = .8 represents a large effect size.

/pdf/summary-a-meta-analysis-of-the-play-therapy-outcome-research-1bxda5v4f1.pdf

Summary: A Meta-Analysis of the Play Therapy Outcome Research from 1947 to Present

Play therapy has long been criticized for a lack of adequate research base to prove its efficacy. For 6 decades, while play therapists conducted small research studies, critics challenged the utility and efficacy of play therapy as a viable psychotherapy intervention. The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of 94 research studies focusing on the efficacy of play therapy, filial therapy, and combined play therapy and filial therapy. Meta-analysis revealed a large positive effect on treatment outcomes with children. Play therapy appeared effective across modality, age, gender, clinical vs. nonclinical populations, setting, and theoretical schools of thought. Additionally, positive play therapy effects were found to be greatest when there was parent involvement in treatment and an optimal number of sessions provided. Proving the effectiveness of any therapeutic intervention is essential to the acceptance of that intervention as a potential treatment

The effectiveness of play therapy: Responding to the critics.

High school students as therapeutic agents with young children experiencing school adjustment difficulties: The effectiveness of a filial therapy training model.

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The Efficacy of Play Therapy With Children: A Meta-Analytic Review of Treatment Outcomes

Summary: A Meta-Analysis of the Play Therapy Outcome Research from 1947 to Present

The effectiveness of play therapy: Responding to the critics.

High school students as therapeutic agents with young children experiencing school adjustment difficulties: The effectiveness of a filial therapy training model.