Background Climate change is one of the great challenges of our time. The consequences of climate change on exposed biological subjects, as well as on vulnerable societies, are a concern for the entire scientific community. Rising temperatures, heat waves, floods, tornadoes, hurricanes, droughts, fires, loss of forest, and glaciers, along with disappearance of rivers and desertification, can directly and indirectly cause human pathologies that are physical and mental. However, there is a clear lack in psychiatric studies on mental disorders linked to climate change. Methods Literature available on PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library until end of June 2019 were reviewed. The total number of articles and association reports was 445. From these, 163 were selected. We looked for the association between classical psychiatric disorders such as anxiety schizophrenia, mood disorder and depression, suicide, aggressive behaviors, despair for the loss of usual landscape, and phenomena related to climate change and extreme weather. Review of literature was then divided into specific areas: the course of change in mental health, temperature, water, air pollution, drought, as well as the exposure of certain groups and critical psychological adaptations. Results Climate change has an impact on a large part of the population, in different geographical areas and with different types of threats to public health. However, the delay in studies on climate change and mental health consequences is an important aspect. Lack of literature is perhaps due to the complexity and novelty of this issue. It has been shown that climate change acts on mental health with different timing. The phenomenology of the effects of climate change differs greatly-some mental disorders are common and others more specific in relation to atypical climatic conditions. Moreover, climate change also affects different population groups who are directly exposed and more vulnerable in their geographical conditions, as well as a lack of access to resources, information, and protection. Perhaps it is also worth underlining that in some papers the connection between climatic events and mental disorders was described through the introduction of new terms, coined only recently: ecoanxiety, ecoguilt, ecopsychology, ecological grief, solastalgia, biospheric concern, etc. Conclusions The effects of climate change can be direct or indirect, short-term or long-term. Acute events can act through mechanisms similar to that of traumatic stress, leading to well-understood psychopathological patterns. In addition, the consequences of exposure to extreme or prolonged weather-related events can also be delayed, encompassing disorders such as posttraumatic stress, or even transmitted to later generations.

/pdf/the-impact-of-climate-change-on-mental-health-a-systematic-4zc7vtiq71.pdf

The Impact of Climate Change on Mental Health: A Systematic Descriptive Review.

Pollutant agents are exponentially increasing in modern society since industrialization processes and technology are being developed worldwide. Impact of pollution on public health is well known but little has been described on the association between environmental pollutants and mental health. A literature search on PubMed and EMBASE has been conducted and 134 articles published on the issue of pollution and mental health have been included, cited, reviewed, and summarized. Emerging evidences have been collected on association between major environmental pollutants (air pollutants, heavy metals, ionizing radiation [IR], organophosphate pesticides, light pollution, noise pollution, environmental catastrophes) and various mental health disorders including anxiety, mood, and psychotic syndromes. Underlying pathogenesis includes direct and indirect effects of these agents on brain, respectively, due to their biological effect on human Central Nervous System or related to some levels of stress generated by the exposure to the pollutant agents over the time. Most of emerging evidences are still nonconclusive. Further studies should clarify how industrial production, the exploitation of certain resources, the proximity to waste and energy residues, noise, and the change in lifestyles are connected with psychological distress and mental health problems for the affected populations.

https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/8897C57318452CEF109294F57B66FE18/S1092852920001303a.pdf/div-class-title-environmental-pollution-and-mental-health-a-narrative-review-of-literature-div.pdf

Environmental pollution and mental health: a narrative review of literature.

Purpose of reviewLiterature from the past year was examined to learn whether economic recessions have an effect on mental disorders including depression and suicides.Recent findingsEconomic recessions and crises have a context-dependent negative impact on mental health disorders. These appear in low

Economic crisis and mental health

This article proposes a reflection on the impact that some postmodern features can have on the sense of identity and on mental functioning to propose possible explanations for identity changes and new forms of psychopathology. After revisiting the most recent literature on the theme, this study proposes a clinical consideration for a possible link between new forms of psychopathology and mental suffering. It particularly suggests that the changes observed in affectivity (including increase in dysphoria, irritability, restlessness, boredom, feeling of emptiness) and behaviour (reduction in impulse control ability, in interpersonal skills and reflective function, etc.) are important indices of a bigger change that involves the entire personality and indicates a shifting towards a borderline level of personality functioning. Finally, the article offers a possible explanation for this shift and advances therapeutic questions.

https://hal.univ-rennes2.fr/hal-01989909/document

Postmodernity: clinical and social reflections about new forms of psychopathology

Objectives Although socio-emotional problems are well documented in children and adolescents with dyslexia, little is known about the psychopathological consequences that the dyslexia may have in university students. It is possible to hypothesize a significant discouragement in dyslexics enrolled at university, as a result of their learning difficulties, which may result in psychopathological disorders secondary to these difficulties. This study, for the first time, administered the Self Administrated Psychiatric Scales for Children and Adolescents (SAFA) test to university students and investigated whether male and female university students with dyslexia demonstrated more psychopathological symptoms than males and females without dyslexia.

https://www.jpsychopathol.it/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/02_Scorza-1.pdf

Dyslexia and psychopathological symptoms in Italian university students: a higher risk for anxiety disorders in male population?

Objectives A growing body of evidence suggests that postmodern societies currently face a significant number of changes imprinted by evolution at a number of levels. These changes are resulting in increasing stress both at the population and individual levels, possibly leading to mental health problems. Many social variables are subject to rapid fluctuations which, in turn, affect changes in society leading to mental health consequences of the population. In this paper we review the available literature on social variables subject to rapid changes in postmodern societies with links to the DSM-5.

Psychopathology in postmodern societies

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Psychopathology in postmodern societies