A significant challenge in industrial wastewater treatment is the presence of heavy metal complexes (HMCs) formed when heavy metals interact with organic complexing agents. These HMCs exhibit greater stability compared to free heavy metal ions, making them resistant to degradation and removal via conventional methods. The presence of HMC in wastewater has spurred extensive research into effective removal methods. Conventional wastewater treatment systems, including adsorption, precipitation/electrodeposition, ion exchange, and membrane filtration, often fall short in removing HMCs. In recent years, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have emerged as a promising approach for effectively degrading HMCs. AOPs, a class of chemical processes utilizing reactive oxygen species (ROS), effectively degrade organic pollutants and decompose HMCs into readily removable free metal ions. This review provides a quantitative assessment of the viability of AOPs for wastewater detoxification through HMC decomposition. It explores various AOPs used for the removal of HMC from wastewater, highlighting their advantages and limitations. The influence of experimental factors and the mechanisms involved in the removal of HMC by AOPs are also discussed. Finally, the potential applications and challenges of AOPs for wastewater remediation are discussed. This critical review is intended to be a valuable resource for engineers, chemists, and environmental scientists who are involved in the use of AOPs to treat wastewater containing HMC. AOPs are effective in decomposing HMC but expensive and energy intensive. More research is needed to develop new AOPs that are efficient and cost-effective. 

Advanced oxidation processes for the decontamination of heavy metal complexes in aquatic systems: A review

This comprehensive review explores the potential of tailored carbon materials (TCM) for efficient photocatalytic degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are persistent and toxic organic pollutants posing significant environmental challenges. The unique structure and properties of TCM including graphene and carbon nanotubes to activated carbon and carbon dots, have projected them as next-generation technological materials for innovation. A careful and critical discussion of state-of-the-art research sheds light on their effectiveness in catalyzing the breakdown of PAHs, which projects TCM suitable for the management of the environment. Beyond this viewpoint, this article expands the scope of TCM for 1) biomedical and healthcare, 2) energy storage and conversion, and 3) advanced electronics. The challenges, opportunities, and future perspectives related to the role of TCM for environmental applications, inspiring further research, and innovation in photo-induced degradation techniques are also carefully discussed in this article. This focused article serves as a valuable resource for researchers and industrialists interested in harnessing the capabilities of carbon-based materials for efficient and sustainable photocatalytic degradation of PAHs and other environmental pollutants. It addresses the pressing need for effective environmental remediation and pollution control strategies. 

Tailored carbon materials (TCM) for enhancing photocatalytic degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons

A comprehensive review of nanomaterials for efficient heavy metal ions removal in water treatment

Abstract This study aims to explore technological advances and prospects in phenol treatment by providing a detailed bibliometric survey of wastewater treatment applications, highlighting innovative advances in research. Using the Web of Science database, we identified 79,104 articles from 2003 to 2023, later refined to 1848. The keywords were used for the initial search: “phenol”, “wastewater”, “degradation”, “treatment” and “removal”. The bibliographic review details the occurrence of journals, authors, newspapers, countries, institutions, keywords, highly cited articles, and prominent predominant research fields. In particular, the field of “Engineering” was responsible for 32% of the published articles, followed by “Ecology of Environmental Sciences” (25%) and “Chemistry” (12%). In addition, a keyword analysis revealed five major groups of clusters that indicate where the research is progressing. This aspect is crucial for understanding the evolution and perspectives of research interests over time. Therefore, future research in the field should prioritize wastewater treatment and feedstock diversification. This focus is essential to address significant challenges, such as production costs, stability, and durability of treatment processes. Graphical Abstract 

Advanced and prospects in phenol wastewater treatment technologies: unveiling opportunities and trends

Conventional energy storage systems, such as pumped hydroelectric storage, lead–acid batteries, and compressed air energy storage (CAES), have been widely used for energy storage. However, these systems face significant limitations, including geographic constraints, high construction costs, low energy efficiency, and environmental challenges. Among these, lead–acid batteries, despite their widespread use, suffer from issues such as heavy weight, sensitivity to temperature fluctuations, low energy density, and limited depth of discharge. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have emerged as a promising alternative, offering portability, fast charging, long cycle life, and higher energy density. However, LIBs still face challenges related to limited lifespan, safety concerns (such as overheating), and environmental impact due to resource extraction and emissions. This review explores the introduction of nanotechnology as a transformative approach to enhance efficiency and overcome the limitations of LIBs. We provide an in-depth overview of various nanotechnology-based solutions for LIBs, focusing on their impact on energy density, cycle life, safety, and environmental sustainability. Additionally, we discuss advanced thermal analysis techniques used to assess and improve the performance of nanotechnology-enhanced LIBs. Finally, we examine the role of nanoparticles in the environmental remediation of LIBs, offering insights into how they can mitigate the ecological footprint of battery disposal and recycling. This review aims to highlight the potential of nanotechnology to revolutionize energy storage systems and address the growing demand for efficient and sustainable energy solutions. 

Nanotechnology-Based Lithium-Ion Battery Energy Storage Systems

Green synthesized carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are successfully applied for the detection of organophosphate pesticides in fruits and vegetables. The banana fruit is used as a carbon source for the synthesis of CQDs via a one-pot hydrothermal route. The quenching in emission intensity of the synthesized carbon dots (CQDs) is observed for organophosphate pesticides (OPPS) in sample water. The hydroxyl and carboxylic functional groups over the surface of carbon dots exhibited a high binding affinity for detecting organophosphate pesticides. The amine group of Parathion was easily interacted with carboxylic group of CQDs which causes the fluorescence quenching via inner filter effect. The quenching in fluorescence intensity of CQDs was used to measure the inhibitory efficiency of OPPS. The quenching efficiency was proportional to the concentration of Parathion observed in sample water in the range of 0 to 500 nM under optimal conditions, with a detection limit of 12 nM. Moreover, the easy-to-use method had been used to detect Parathion in agricultural and environmental samples.

A Novel Green Synthesized Carbon Dots for the Detection of Organophosphate Pesticides in Fruits and Vegetables

http://www.heartrhythmjournal.com/article/S1547527122026820/pdf

Comparison of data quality and monitoring completion rates between clinic and self-applied ECG patches

To date, few risk models have been validated to predict recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) >1 year after ablation. The SCALE-CryoAF score was previously derived to predict very late return of AF (VLRAF) >1 year following cryoballoon ablation (CBA), with strong predictive ability. In this study, we aim to validate the SCALE-CryoAF score for VLRAF after CBA in a novel patient cohort. Retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained single-center database was performed. Inclusion criteria were pulmonary vein isolation using CBA 2017-2020. Exclusion criteria included prior ablation, <1-year follow-up, lack of pre-CBA echocardiogram, additional ablation lesion sets, and documented AF recurrence 90–365 days post-CBA. The area under the curve (AUC) of SCALE-CryoAF was compared to the derivation value and other established risk models. Among 469 CBA performed, 241 (61% male, 62.8 ±11.7 years old) cases were included in analysis. There were 37 (15.4%) patients who developed VLRAF. Patients with VLRAF had a higher SCALE-CryoAF score (VLRAF 5.4 ± 2.7; no VLRAF 3.1 ± 2.9; p<0.001). SCALE-CryoAF was linearly associated with VLRAF (y=14.35x-11.72, R2=0.99), and a score > 5 had a 32.7% risk of VLRAF. The SCALE-CryoAF risk model predicted VLRAF with an AUC of 0.74, which was similar to the derivation value (AUCderivation: 0.73) and statistically superior to MB-LATER, CHA2DS2-VASc, and CHADS2 scores. The current analysis validates the ability of SCALE-CryoAF to predict VLRAF after CBA in a novel patient cohort. Patients with a high SCALE-CryoAF score should be monitored closely for recurrent AF >1 year following CBA. 

/pdf/validation-of-the-scale-cryoaf-risk-model-to-predict-very-2r6hln8k.pdf

Validation of the SCALE-CryoAF risk model to predict very late return of atrial fibrillation after cryoballoon ablation

An atypical case of typical atrial flutter as first presentation of high-grade b cell lymphoma

Using a green synthesis approach, we have synthesized SnO2 nanoparticles. The morphology of the nanoparticles are characterise by scanning electron microscopy. The UV-vis spectroscopy technique was used to study the optical characteristics. The different parameters such as dosage of catalyst, initial concentration of drugs, effect of pH and other parameters were estimated. The Visible light was irradiated over sample solution at different pH values, and the photo-catalytic effect of the SnO2 nanoparticle was observed for degradation of ciprofloxacin drugs. The absorption spectra showed a stronger absorption peak at 273 nm representing the ciprofloxacin drugs. The photo-generated electron of nanoparticles degradation drugs, which shows decrease absorption intensity. The results revealed that the photo-catalytic degradation process works well at pH 7. The higher degradation efficiency was observed by following the pseudo-first-order kinetics.

A Green Synthesized SnO2 Photo-Catalyst for Effective Degradation of Biomedical Industrial Waste

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