Mushrooms are the higher fungi which have long been used for food and medicinal purposes. They have rich nutritional value with high protein content (up to 44.93%), vitamins, minerals, fibers, trace elements and low calories and lack cholesterol. There are 14,000 known species of mushrooms of which 2,000 are safe for human consumption and about 650 of these possess medicinal properties. Among the total known mushrooms, approximately 850 species are recorded from India. Many of them have been used in food and folk medicine for thousands of years. Mushrooms are also sources of bioactive substances including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, antitumour, anti-HIV and antidiabetic activities. Nutriceuticals and medicinal mushrooms have been used in human health development in India as food, medicine, minerals among others. The present review aims to update the current status of mushrooms diversity in India with their nutritional and medicinal potential as well as ethnomedicinal uses for different future prospects in pharmaceutical application.

	Key words: Mushroom diversity, nutritional value, therapeutic potential, bioactive compound.

/pdf/diversity-nutritional-composition-and-medicinal-potential-of-1jqhjw4p1a.pdf

Diversity, nutritional composition and medicinal potential of Indian mushrooms: A review

The fungi (sing. Fungus; L.) are heterotrophic organisms of very diverse form, size, physiology and mode of reproduction. The ancient Greeks and Romans, and surely their less civilized contemporaries, were fond of truffles, mushrooms and puff balls. Mushrooms became such delicacies that they were only food which wealthy people insisted on cooking themselves. Cases of accidental mushroom poisoning were also known to ancient Greeks and Romans as early as 500 B.C. The name “evil ferments of the earth” was given to some of the mushrooms. The edible members were called “mushrooms” while the poisonous varieties were termed “toadstools”. The Roman emperor Cladius Caesar (A.D. 54) was murdered by his wife who mixed his food with Amanita phalloides. Sporophores of mushrooms were popular among the Roman potters and sculptures. A series of ancient stone sculptures (1000 B.C.200 A.D.) bearing designs of mushrooms have been collected by Wasson and Wasson (1957) from Guatemala and other Central American countries (Dube 2004).

Biodiversity of macrofungi with special reference to edible forms: A review

Studies on macro fungal diversity of Hamirpur region Himachal Pradesh

Mushrooms are macroscopic fruit bodies of fungi; one of the most diverse groups of living organisms distributed all over the world. In recent past, they have gained significant scientific attention for their profound nutraceutical potentiality. The objective of the present study was to explore the diversity and ecological distribution of mushrooms in different forest areas of Bankura district. The study area includes intermittent dense forest and flood plains from middle-east to eastern part of Bankura district. However, this area received very little attention from a conservation perspective, and there is no such documentation on mushrooms of this area. The survey was conducted from August 2019 to October 2020 including vivid field surveys in the forest depots. The study has revealed a total of 53 identified mushroom species belonging to 40 genera and 30 families. The study has also identified 25 edible, 18 inedible and 15 medicinally potential mushrooms. The genus Russula and the family Russulaceae dominates the myco-population. The finding shows that this region is rich in macrofungal diversity complicatedly linked to the functioning of the local ecosystem. The present study opens new possibilities regarding the exploration and utilization of wild mushrooms in India. 

pdf/diversity-and-distribution-of-wild-mushrooms-in-different-4kd2778du1.pdf

Diversity and distribution of wild mushrooms in different forest areas of Bankura district, WB, India

Mushrooms are macroscopic fruit bodies of fungi; one of the most diverse groups of living organisms distributed all over the world. In recent past, they have gained significant scientific attention for their profound nutraceutical potentiality. The objective of the present study was to explore the diversity and ecological distribution of mushrooms in different forest areas of Bankura district. The study area includes intermittent dense forest and flood plains from middle-east to eastern part of Bankura district. However, this area received very little attention from a conservation perspective, and there is no such documentation on mushrooms of this area. The survey was conducted from August 2019 to October 2020 including vivid field surveys in the forest depots. The study has revealed a total of 53 identified mushroom species belonging to 40 genera and 30 families. The study has also identified 25 edible, 18 inedible and 15 medicinally potential mushrooms. The genus Russula and the family Russulaceae dominates the myco-population. The finding shows that this region is rich in macrofungal diversity complicatedly linked to the functioning of the local ecosystem. The present study opens new possibilities regarding the exploration and utilization of wild mushrooms in India.

Conservation of mycodiversity in India: an appraisal.

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Conservation of mycodiversity in India: an appraisal.