A new simple third-order shear deformation theory of plates

A new method of measuring spatial correlation functions in reverberant sound fields is presented. It is shown that coherence functions determined with appropriate spectral resolution contain the same information as the corresponding correlation functions, and that measuring such coherence functions is a far more efficient way of obtaining this information. The technique is then used to verify theoretical predictions of the spatial correlation between various components of the particle velocity in a diffuse sound field. Other possible applications of the technique are discussed and illustrated with experimental results obtained in an ordinary room.

/pdf/the-coherence-of-reverberant-sound-fields-22peewprpi.pdf

The coherence of reverberant sound fields.

The directional variation of sound at a point has been studied in three rooms, using a measurement system described previously [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 1980–1991 (2002)]. The system uses a pair of 32-element spherical microphone arrays to obtain directional impulse responses in each of 60 steering directions, with an angular resolution of 28°, covering all directions in the whole solid angle. Together, the array measurements span the frequency range from 300 to 3300 Hz. The angular distribution of incident sound energy is visualized on a three-dimensional plot, and quantified by computing the directional diffusion and the directional peak-to-average level difference (“anisotropy index”) of the sound field. The small-to-medium-sized rooms had reverberation times of 360, 400, and 600 ms. Measurements were made for several source and receiver locations in each, and were analyzed over several time ranges (full decay time of room, late time decay, 2-ms windows throughout the decay). All measured sound fields ...

/pdf/measurements-of-directional-properties-of-reverberant-sound-1zzpfysrdu.pdf

Measurements of directional properties of reverberant sound fields in rooms using a spherical microphone array

A measurement system has been developed that is capable of analyzing the directional and spatial variations in a reverberant sound field. A spherical, 32-element array of microphones is used to generate a narrow beam that is steered in 60 directions. Using an omnidirectional loudspeaker as excitation, the sound pressure arriving from each steering direction is measured as a function of time, in the form of pressure impulse responses. By subsequent analysis of these responses, the variation of arriving energy with direction is studied. The directional diffusion and directivity index of the arriving sound can be computed, as can the energy decay rate in each direction. An analysis of the 32 microphone responses themselves allows computation of the point-to-point variation of reverberation time and of sound pressure level, as well as the spatial cross-correlation coefficient, over the extent of the array. The system has been validated in simple sound fields in an anechoic chamber and in a reverberation chamber. The system characterizes these sound fields as expected, both quantitatively from the measures and qualitatively from plots of the arriving energy versus direction. It is anticipated that the system will be of value in evaluating the directional distribution of arriving energy and the degree and diffuseness of sound fields in rooms.

Microphone array measurement system for analysis of directional and spatial variations of sound fields.

An efficient modal approach to characterize the diffuseness of the sound field in a rectangular room is presented. Using two simple descriptors, the correlation function and the spatial uniformity of the pressure field, a practical and convenient tool is proposed to study the diffuse field in the room. A precise criterion has been given in terms of the least permissible number of room modes to achieve an adequate diffusion. It has been shown that the criterion is in great accordance with the well-known “Schroeder frequency” limit for the diffuse field. Detailed calculations of the correlation function are presented to show the importance of the Δk/k correction terms to the well-known sin(kR)/kR prediction. A new closed form for the correlation function is thus derived. A discussion about the importance of having more than one descriptors is also presented. It is shown that a diffuse field can be established in a room with strong modal behavior under certain assumptions.

Characterization of a diffuse field in a reverberant room

Diffusion in reverberation rooms

Comments on the paper ``Errors due to sampling in community noise level distributions'' [1]

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Diffusion in reverberation rooms

Comments on the paper ``Errors due to sampling in community noise level distributions'' [1]