Using a recently developed database of fisheries subsidies for 148 mari- timecountriesspanning1989tothepresent,totalfisheriessubsidiesfortheyear2003is computed.Akeyfeatureofourestimationapproachisthatitexplicitlydealswithmiss- ing data from official sources, and includes estimates of subsidies to developing coun- tryfisheries.Our analysis suggests that globalfisheries subsidies for 2003 are between US$25and29billion,whichishigherthananearlierWorldBankestimateofbetween US$ 14-20 billion. This new estimate is lower than our 2000 global subsidies esti- mateofUS$30-34 billion.Wefindthatfuelsubsidiescompose about 15-30% oftotal global fishing subsidies, and that capacity enhancing subsidies sum to US$ 16 billion or about 60% of the total. These results imply that the global community is paying

/pdf/a-bottom-up-re-estimation-of-global-fisheries-subsidies-1n5aza0j60.pdf

A bottom-up re-estimation of global fisheries subsidies

Aquaculture: Issues and Opportunities for Sustainable Production and Trade

Fishery subsidies greatly impact the sustainability of fishery resources. Subsidies that reduce the cost of fisheries operations and those that enhance revenues make fishing enterprises more profitable than they would be otherwise. Such subsidies result in fishery resources being overexploited, as they contribute directly or indirectly to the build-up of excessive fishing capacity, thereby undermining the sustainability of marine living resources and the livelihoods that depend on them. In this contribution, fishery subsidies are identified and categorized, taking into consideration the policy relevance of fishery subsidies worldwide, subsidy program descriptions, sources of funding, scope and coverage, annual total amounts, administering authority, and the recipients of the subsidy. Using this taxonomy, a database of subsidy programs reported in marine capture fisheries for 144 coastal countries was compiled spanning 1995 to 2005. From this, an annual estimate of subsidies paid to the fishing sector by governments globally is computed for 2000. This static estimate accounts explicitly for data gaps. Total global fishery subsidies were estimated at about US$26 billion for the eleven subsidy types identified in this study (excluding fuel subsidies). About 60% of this amount was provided by 38 developed countries and the remaining 40% by 103 developing countries. The proportion of estimated subsidies that contributed towards an increase in fishing capacity globally amounted to about US$15 billion, while subsidies that contributed to fisheries management and conservation programs were approximately US$7 billion. The remaining US$4 billion are defined as ugly subsidies, i.e., they may lead either to fisheries conservation or to overcapacity depending on the context. Japan and the EU were the highest subsidizers of their fisheries, with about US$4.2 billion and US$3.0 billion, respectively. The results from this study have policy implications for fisheries subsidy reforms at the on-going WTO negotiations on rules to eliminate subsidies that cause overcapacity, and in achieving sustainable fisheries management. In conclusion, three major areas are highlighted for future research, the impact of subsidies on: (i) resource exploitation, (ii) industrial profits, and (iii) food sufficiency and livelihoods.

The nature and magnitude of global non-fuel fisheries subsidies

Market access and trade liberalisation in fisheries

Tropical bottom trawling is among the most destructive fishing practices, catching large quantities of bycatch, which are usually discarded. We used questionnaire surveys of trawl fishers to look at changes in catches over the last 30 years (1978–2008) along India's Coromandel Coast. We show that catches and income from target species have declined sharply over the last two decades. Meanwhile, costs of fishing have increased substantially and now almost exceed income from target species. Over the same period, bycatch (which was traditionally discarded) has now become increasingly marketable, being sold for local consumption, and as fish meal to supply the region's rapidly growing poultry industry. Without this income from bycatch, the fishery would scarcely be economically viable. While such a change in the use of bycatch is good news in terms of reducing waste and improving livelihoods, it is also responsible for pushing the Indian bottom trawl fishery beyond the economic extinction of its target species.

http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/Commercializing%20bycatch%20can%20push%20a%20fishery.pdf

Commercializing bycatch can push a fishery beyond economic extinction

Fisheries play a key role in the livelihoods of many millions of people in developing countries. Policy Research - Implications of Liberalization of Fish Trade for Developing Countries provides a synthesis of research undert a ken on a number of issues and country case studies relating to fish trade liberalization and also presents a series of policy recommendations. The trade issues investigated include sanitary and phytosanitary measures, technical barriers to trade, subsidies, dumping, fiscal reforms, and the use of ethical, social, eco-labelling and certification. Country case studies were prepared for Bangladesh, Guinea, India, Uganda and Vietnam. The aim of this study is to increase our knowledge and understanding of the relationship between the achievement of sustainable development outcomes and the existing provisions of international fisheries, particularly multilateral trade rules and bilateral agreements. The book should be of interest to researchers and development practitioners involved with fisheries-based communities.

Policy research - implications of liberalisation of fish trade for developing countries: synthesis report

Liberalisation of fish trade started as a result of policies introduced when Uganda embraced the World Bank and IMF’s Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) that created an enabling environment for business and enhanced domestic goods to access the international market as well as for international goods to access the domestic market.

/pdf/policy-research-implications-of-liberalisation-of-fish-trade-q8srd1za67.pdf

Policy research - implications of liberalisation of fish trade for developing countries. A case study for Uganda

Put simply, dumping is the exporting of produce at less than production cost to the material detriment of competitor industries in the importing country. The recourse by the plaintiff – the importing country - is to impose import bans and/or compensating duties (duty orders) on the rogue products in legitimate protection of their own industry – i.e. a re-levelling of the playing field. These are called Anti- Dumping Measures (ADMs). Theoretically this is a technical issue that should be subject to economic logic and legal argument. In practice it is highly political, can be arbitrary and is often raised at the behest of an industry finding its self-unable to compete for harsh but fair economic reasons.

Trade issues background paper: The impact of dumping on trade in fisheries products

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

T. Bostock

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Policy research - implications of liberalisation of fish trade for developing countries: synthesis report

Policy research - implications of liberalisation of fish trade for developing countries. A case study for Uganda

Trade issues background paper: The impact of dumping on trade in fisheries products