Viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria: Gene expression in planktonic and biofilm cells.

Dental materials with antibiofilm properties

Biofilms are communities of microorganisms that are attached to a biological or abiotic surface and are surrounded by a self-produced extracellular matrix. Cells within a biofilm have intrinsic characteristics that are different from those of planktonic cells. Biofilm resistance to antimicrobial agents has drawn increasing attention. It is well-known that medical device- and tissue-associated biofilms may be the leading cause for the failure of antibiotic treatments and can cause many chronic infections. The eradication of biofilms is very challenging. Many researchers are working to address biofilm-related infections, and some novel strategies have been developed and identified as being effective and promising. Nevertheless, more preclinical studies and well-designed multicenter clinical trials are critically needed to evaluate the prospects of these strategies. Here, we review information about the mechanisms underlying the drug resistance of biofilms and discuss recent progress in alternative therapies and promising strategies against microbial biofilms. We also summarize the strengths and weaknesses of these strategies in detail.

/pdf/promising-therapeutic-strategies-against-microbial-biofilm-3ul58d9273.pdf

Promising Therapeutic Strategies Against Microbial Biofilm Challenges.

Objectives: To evaluate the possibility of enhancing the phototoxic effect on Streptococcus mutans using a potentially antibacterial synergic effect between blue light and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and to investigate the antibacterial mechanism involved. Methods: Growth of S. mutans samples was determined after exposure to light in the presence and absence of H 2 O 2 . The effect of such light on H 2 O 2 degradation, on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and on the exposed-medium temperature was examined. Results: The combination of light exposure for 20 s (∼23 J/cm 2 ) and a concentration of 0.3 mM H 2 O 2 yielded 96% growth inhibition, whereas, when applied separately, light exposure decreased bacterial growth by 3% and H 2 O 2 by 30% compared with the control. The results showed no direct effect of the light on H 2 O 2 degradation, a partial protective effect of ROS scavengers on S. mutans and a non-lethal increase in the medium temperature after light exposure. Conclusions: An antibacterial synergic effect between blue light and H 2 O 2 was observed. The mechanism of the phototoxic effect on S. mutans was basically a photochemical process, in which ROS were involved. Application of such light in combination with H 2 O 2 to an infected tooth could be an alternative to or serve as an additional minimally invasive antibacterial treatment.

/pdf/synergic-antibacterial-effect-between-visible-light-and-40wcp3o6vl.pdf

Synergic antibacterial effect between visible light and hydrogen peroxide on Streptococcus mutans

https://cyberleninka.org/article/n/256463.pdf

Bioinspired synthetic macroalgae: Examples from nature for antifouling applications

Biofilm-specific surface properties and protein expression in oral Streptococcus sanguis

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Biofilm-specific surface properties and protein expression in oral Streptococcus sanguis