We analyze seismograms recorded by four arrays (B1-B4) with 100-m station spacing and apertures of 4-8 km that cross the surface rupture of the 2019 Mw7.1 Ridgecrest earthquake. The arrays extend f...

Seismic Imaging of the Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest Earthquake Rupture Zone From Data Recorded by Dense Linear Arrays

Subduction of an Oceanic Plateau Across Southcentral Alaska: Scattered‐Wave Imaging

This study presents an improved approach to common-conversion point stacking of converted body waves that incorporates scattering kernels, accurate and efficient measurement of stack uncertainties,...

New Approaches to Multifrequency Sp Stacking Tested in the Anatolian Region

A New Body-Wave Amplitude Ratio-Based Method for Imaging Shallow Crustal Structure and Its Application in the Sichuan Basin, Southwestern China

The Neo-Tethys subduction and subsequent Arabia-Eurasia continental collision invoked widespread Cenozoic tectono-magmatism throughout the Iranian Plateau. We herein develop a new method to image the shallow crustal S-wave velocity (Vs) structure by joint inversion of multifrequency waveforms and horizontal-to-vertical ratios around the direct P phase in P-wave receiver functions. Synthetic tests demonstrate the validity of our method in constraining the absolute Vs values beneath single stations down to ∼12-km depth. By applying this method to a seismic array of 63 stations with an average spacing of ∼10 km along the main profile, we construct a detailed shallow crustal Vs model across the northwestern Iranian Plateau. The model is characterized by distinct high- and low-velocity anomalies beneath the Iranian hinterland and the Zagros foreland fold-and-thrust belt, respectively. In combination with geological observations and laboratory data, the imaged high-velocity anomalies (with Vs of 3.2–3.9 km/s) may denote arc to intraplate magmatism beneath Central Iran and Alborz to the north, whereas the low-velocity anomalies (with Vs of ∼1.65 km/s) probably represent the marl/shale layers in Late Cretaceous and Paleocene beneath Zagros. The magmatic rocks at the Iranian hinterland exhibit strong variations in absolute Vs, reflecting different bulk compositions with more mafic inland. The shale/marl layers could have acted as décollements to accommodate crustal deformation. Our observations underline both the key role of lithology-controlled layering in sedimentary deformation at the Zagros fold-and-thrust belt and the change in compositions and forming-environments of magmatic rocks at the Iranian hinterland. 

Shallow Crustal Response to Arabia‐Eurasia Convergence in Northwestern Iran: Constraints From Multifrequency P‐Wave Receiver Functions

Near‐surface structure is crucial to assessing seismic hazards and understanding earthquakes and surface processes yet is a major challenge to robustly image. Recently, an approach based on body‐wave polarization was introduced for constraining shallow seismic structure, but the depth sensitivity of the polarization measurement has remained unclear. Using waveform simulations based on a layer over a half space, we find that the depth sensitivity of P wave polarization peaks at the surface and decreases abruptly over a depth range shorter than its wavelength. A strong frequency dependence provides constraints on local 1‐D structure, with frequencies between 0.1 and 10 Hz illuminating structure at depths of 10 m to several kilometers. Applying these results to teleseismic recordings in Japan provides constraints on structure at about 120 to 750 m, including a distinctive weak zone along the Median Tectonic Line in the Kii peninsula and Awaji Island.

Frequency-Dependent P Wave Polarization and Its Subwavelength Near-Surface Depth Sensitivity

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Frequency-Dependent P Wave Polarization and Its Subwavelength Near-Surface Depth Sensitivity