Large-Scale Fabrication of Boron Nitride Nanosheets and Their Utilization in Polymeric Composites with Improved Thermal and Mechanical Properties

Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) has proved to be a promising candidate in high-performance gas sensing in ambient conditions. However, trace detection of different kinds of gases with simultaneously high sensitivity and selectivity is challenging. Here, a chemiresistor-type sensor based on 3D sulfonated RGO hydrogel (S-RGOH) is reported, which can detect a variety of important gases with high sensitivity, boosted selectivity, fast response, and good reversibility. The NaHSO3 functionalized RGOH displays remarkable 118.6 and 58.9 times higher responses to NO2 and NH3, respectively, compared with its unmodified RGOH counterpart. In addition, the S-RGOH sensor is highly responsive to volatile organic compounds. More importantly, the characteristic patterns on the linearly fitted response-temperature curves are employed to distinguish various gases for the first time. The temperature of the sensor is elevated rapidly by an imbedded microheater with little power consumption. The 3D S-RGOH is characterized and the sensing mechanisms are proposed. This work gains new insights into boosting the sensitivity of detecting various gases by combining chemical modification and 3D structural engineering of RGO, and improving the selectivity of gas sensing by employing temperature dependent response characteristics of RGO for different gases.

A 3D Chemically Modified Graphene Hydrogel for Fast, Highly Sensitive, and Selective Gas Sensor

Perspectives on environmental applications of hexagonal boron nitride nanomaterials

The recent advances in the field of 2D hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) for realizing electronic and optoelectronic devices, including wearable and portable devices, have aroused scientific interest in this ultrathin material for a wide range of applications. Its exceptionally high thermal conductivity and temperature stability make it one of the most promising materials for next-generation high-performance gas sensors. Although a number of review articles on hBN have already been published focusing on its synthesis, properties, and functionalities, however, none of them has made a significant contribution to the field of gas sensing. Hence, in this review, we have analytically summarized the state-of-art advances in hBN based devices with a particular emphasis on gas sensors. Moreover, we have also explained the comprehensive physics of hBN based gas sensors. The recent technological advancements to overcome the inherent properties such as poor surface reactivity and low conductivity have also been thoroughly compiled. Finally, we have discussed some of the prominent challenges faced by hBN technology for developing practical gas sensors.

Recent advances in ultrathin 2D hexagonal boron nitride based gas sensors

2D materials raised extensive attention for physical-, chemical- and wearable-sensors, among others. The principal reason is the outstanding capability of 2D materials to detect specific analytes and physical stimuli through diverse responses. After a short introduction to 2D materials, a critical explanation of sensors containing 2D materials is provided to justify its applications. Following by a description of the most relevant transduction mechanisms of 2D materials employed for sensing. This review explores their advancement and implementation in sensing during the last decade in several areas such as physical, chemical, bio and wearable sensors. Different types of 2D materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), 2D carbides and nitrides of transition metals (MXenes) and black phosphorus (BP), are considered. 

2D Materials towards sensing technology: From fundamentals to applications

The invention provides a gas sensitive element based on a hexagonal boron nitride nano sheet/iron oxide nano particle composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of semiconductor materials. According to the invention, the hexagonal boron nitride nano sheet/iron oxide nano particle composite material is used as a gas sensing material, the properties of high thermal conductivity, low thermal expansion coefficient, low dielectric constant, high chemical stability and high specific surface area of hexagonal boron nitride nano sheets are utilized, and the gas sensing performance of the gas sensing element can be improved by combining the high sensitivity of iron oxide nano particles to n-butanol gas. Example results show that when the gas sensitive element based on the hexagonal boron nitride nano sheet/iron oxide nano particle composite material is used for n-butanol gas detection, the response time is 12.6 s, the recovery time is 27 s, and the optimal working temperature is 375 DEG C.

Gas sensitive element based on hexagonal boron nitride nano sheet/iron oxide nano particle composite material and preparation method and application thereof

Atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) have been widely explored for various applications due to their unique properties; however, sensing gas molecules with high sensitivity and selectivity remains challenging due to their inherently low chemical reactivity. Herein, we report a chemiresistor-type NO2 gas sensor based on chemically exfoliated sulfate-modified BNNSs (S-BNNSs) with high sensitivity, fast response, excellent selectivity and good reversibility. The response behaves linearly in a wide NO2 concentration range, giving a high sensitivity of 1.645 ppm−1. More intriguingly, the limit of detection (LOD) of this S-BNNS based sensor is experimentally found to be as low as 20 ppb, apparently much lower than the threshold exposure limit required by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (200 ppb). Our theoretical calculations reveal that the sulfate groups spontaneously grafted to S-BNNSs can effectively alter their electronic structure and enhance the surface adsorption capability towards NO2. This is accompanied by a strong charge transfer induced by adsorbed NO2, consequently improving the sensing performance. This work extends the potential of functionalized S-BNNSs in a wide range of NO2 sensing and/or capturing applications, such as environmentally hazardous vehicle exhaust and combustion emission monitoring, just to name a few.

High-performance NO2 sensors based on spontaneously functionalized hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets via chemical exfoliation.

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Gas sensitive element based on hexagonal boron nitride nano sheet/iron oxide nano particle composite material and preparation method and application thereof

High-performance NO2 sensors based on spontaneously functionalized hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets via chemical exfoliation.