Few evaluations of interventions to delay or prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Saudi Arabia (SA) have been undertaken. The present study evaluates the impact of a 6-month intensive lifestyle modification intervention delivered in primary care. Females from SA with prediabetes, aged 18–55 years, were recruited with 190 participants eligible following screening and randomly allocated to receive a 3-month one-on-one, intensive lifestyle modification (intervention group (IG) n = 95) or standard guidance (control group (CG) n = 95). Participants completed questionnaires including demographic, dietary and physical activity data. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months. A total of 123 (74 IG (age 40.6 ± 9.8 years; body mass index (BMI) 31.2 ± 7.0 kg/m2) and 49 CG (age 40.6 ± 12.7 years; BMI 32.3 ± 5.4 kg/m2)) participants completed the study. After 6 months, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; primary endpoint) significantly improved in the IG than CG completers in between-group comparisons (p < 0.001). Comparison between groups showed significant improvements in overall energy intake, total and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol in favour of IG (p-values < 0.001, 0.04 and <0.001, respectively). BMI and weight change were not clinically significant in between group comparisons. A 6-month, intense one-on-one intervention in lifestyle modification significantly improves glycaemic and cardio metabolic profile of females living in SA with pre-diabetes delivered in a primary care setting. Longer duration studies, using the same intervention, may determine whether a meaningful weight loss secondary to improved diet can be achieved.

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/5/1113/pdf

Identification of Education Models to Improve Health Outcomes in Arab Women with Pre-Diabetes

To determine the level of knowledge and awareness of type 2 diabetes among undergraduate students and to investigate demographic and lifestyle variables associated with students’ level of knowledge...

https://tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/21642850.2019.1637261

A cross-sectional study of knowledge and awareness of type 2 diabetes mellitus in a student population in Ghana: do demographics and lifestyle make a difference

/pdf/knowledge-of-hypoglycemia-and-its-associated-risk-factors-15aaizvh9p.pdf

Knowledge of hypoglycemia and its associated risk factors among type 2 diabetes Mellitus patients in diabetes Centre, Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Knowledge and Attitudes About Type 2 Diabetes Among Female Nursing Students in Saudi Arabia

Background: Background: Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening disease. Global prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing rapidly providing a worrying indication and major threat to global health unless interventions are created through community awareness and knowledge regarding different aspect of DM.
Aims: To assess the level of awareness regarding diabetes risk factors, prevention and management among community members in Baqubah city and to identify any association between awareness level and some variables.
Methods: Across sectional study was carried out from the 1st of January - 30th of November 2019 in all primary health care centers (six centers) in center of Baqubah city. A convenient sample of 400 participants who attended the health centers during the study period and eligible to inclusion criteria were included. Data were collected vie direct interview with a structural questionnaire that include personal data, questions regarding knowledge, regard diabetes definition, prevention, risk factor, management and control.
Results: Good diabetes awareness were reported among 50% of studied. A significant statistical association were found between good awareness and age of 20-30years, more than secondary school education, high family income and positive family history of diabetes with the following (52, 34, 35 & 68) % respectively.
Conclusion: Good diabetes awareness was dominant and was significantly associated with middle age group, higher education and positive family history of diabetes. an educational health programs that tackles area of weakness about awareness of diabetes mellitus need to be implemented on the governmental level.

Awareness Regarding Diabetes Risk Factors, Prevention and Management among Community Members in Diyala/Baqubah

Background Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of the most widely prevalent diseases in Saudi Arabia. Health education is considered an essential component to improve knowledge and change behavior. People affected by diabetes often have inadequate knowledge about the nature of diabetes, its risk factors and associated complication. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the awareness of the Arar population with various aspects of diabetes mellitus. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in Arar city, the capital of the Northern Province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study was carried out on Saudi nationals from different age groups that were selected by systematic random sampling. Data was collected by means of personal interview with the participants using a pre-designed questionnaire which was administered by the medical students for each diabetic patient. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 15, using descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. Results A total of 702 participants were interviewed, among them 201 (28.6%) males and 501 (71.4%) females, and most of them (77.8%) had high educational level, 10.4% were diabetics, 78.9% did not have regular checkup visits to the doctor and 58.5% did not perform any regular exercises, including walking, 60% thought that DM was due to partial or total decrease in insulin secretion and 12.4% thought that it was due to excess sweet eating. Additionally, 48.7% of the respondents thought that lack of exercise and obesity were the major risk factors of DM, 33.2% thought that it was a genetic disease. The majority (86.3) of the participants believed that the treatment of DM was a combination of healthy diet, exercise and medication and more than half (63.1%) said that weight loss and modification of life style were the most important preventive measures of DM. Regarding participants' knowledge about DM complications, 24.5% knew about retinopathy and loss of vision, 8.3% knew about retinopathy, loss of vision, low sensation and numbness in extremities, 24.9% said that symptoms of DM were thirst and frequent urination. Conclusion This study recommends that health policy makers conduct more effective health education sessions to increase knowledge of diabetic patients and their caregivers about diabetes and the importance of compliance with its treatment.

/pdf/survey-of-awareness-of-diabetes-mellitus-among-the-arar-4c5hh035nd.pdf

Survey of awareness of diabetes mellitus among the Arar population, Northern Border Region of Saudi Arabia.

Level of awareness regarding sickle cell anemia among Riyadh residents

Background: The aim of the present study evaluated and elevated the knowledge, attitude and awareness of people life in Hail region to dental implants as option of treatment to replace the missing teeth.Methods: The present study was conducted in dental clinics in Hail region. Study sample was consisted of total 428 individuals. Individuals, who were meted the determined inclusion criteria in this study, will be selected for answer the structured questioners. Chi-square test to determine the significant differences of the study parametersResults: Among of participants, females were 161 (37.6%) and males were 267 (62.4%) of the participants. The subjects that heard about dental implants from internet was 126 (29.4%). Majority of the subjects 207 (48.4.2%) had a friend treated with an implant. Around 326 (76.2%) responders want to learn more about implants. Most of subjects 206 (48.1%) thought that dental implant require 6 months from the first examination until your prosthesis is finished. About of 148 (34.60) believed that survival rate will be life. Around 326 (76.2%) responders wished to get dental implants inserted from a specialist. Majority of the responders 281 (65.7%) thought implants required superior cleanliness and care and that it cannot be cleansed like natural dentition.Conclusions: Patients have little information and awareness regarding dental implants. 

Knowledge, attitude, and awareness regarding dental implants in a Saudi subpopulation

Background: There are several elements to consider when determining the optimal procedure for restoring teeth that have undergone endodontic treatment, including the choice and requirement of a post, the kind of coronal restoration, how much coronal structure is still there, and the kind of cementing agent. The ideal restoration procedure for teeth that have undergone endodontic treatment is yet unknown. The goal of this systematic review was to evaluate the restorative material choices and factors that affect the decision-making on endodontically treated teeth (ETT) among dental professionals and students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods: Studies that evaluated the choice or preference of dental professionals for restorative materials for teeth that had undergone endodontic treatment were chosen from surveys that were published between 2012 and 2022 in English. Selected keyword searches were conducted in the Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases. The data (theme-related questions and response rates for each survey question) were extracted using a standardized outline, and the likelihood of bias was evaluated. The information gathered was subjected to descriptive analysis. Results: There were 11 articles in total, encompassing 2192 respondents. The response rates ranged from 30% to 98%. The study population consisted of general dental practitioners (n = 1018), followed by dental students (n = 598), specialists (n = 475), and 101 dental surgeons. The years of experience range from 1 to > 30 years, with the majority claiming to have fewer than 10 years. Moreover, 55% of the studies preferred prefabricated posts, such as fiber posts following metal posts. Most of the respondents preferred resin-based cementing agents (22% to 82%). Over 60% of respondents chose composite resin over amalgam as the material for the core foundation Conclusion: The study results from Saudi Arabian data showed that dentists favored using prefabricated posts, such as fiber and metal-based posts, to restore ETTs and resin-based cementing agents. The preferred material for the core foundation built for ETT by regular dentists, specialists, and students is regarded as composite. The amount of coronal tooth structure that is still present is crucial when choosing the post type and restorative material.

/pdf/choice-of-restorative-materials-by-dental-practitioners-and-7mtn6w2w.pdf

Choice of Restorative Materials by Dental Practitioners and Students in Saudi Arabia for Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Systematic Review

Attitude and knowledge toward Vitiligo among Saudi Arabia population

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