Interactions between Loaded Drugs and Surfactant Molecules in Micellar Drug Delivery Systems: A Critical Review

Physicochemical approaches reveal the impact of electrolytes and hydrotropic salt on micellization and phase separation behavior of polymer polyvinyl alcohol and surfactant mixture.

Blood-brain barrier (BBB) serves as an essential interface between central nervous system (CNS) and its periphery, allowing selective permeation of ions, gaseous molecules, and other nutrients to maintain metabolic functions of brain. Concurrently, it restricts passage of unsolicited materials from bloodstream to CNS which could otherwise lead to neurotoxicity. Nevertheless, in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, and other brain cancers, drugs must reach CNS. Among various materials developed for this purpose, a few judiciously selected polymeric nanocarriers are reported to be highly prospective to facilitate BBB permeation. However, the challenge of transporting drug-loaded nanomaterials across this barrier remains formidable. Herein a concise analysis of recently employed strategies for designing polymeric nanocarriers to deliver therapeutics across BBB is presented. Impacts of 3Ss, namely, size, shape, and surface charge of polymeric nanocarriers on BBB permeation along with different ligands used for nanoparticle surface modification to achieve targeted delivery have been scrutinized. Finally, we elucidated future research directions in the context of designing smart polymeric nanocarriers for BBB permeation. This work aims to guide researchers engaged in polymeric nanocarrier design, helping them navigate where to begin, what challenges to address, and how to proceed effectively. 

Emerging strategies to fabricate polymeric nanocarriers for enhanced drug delivery across blood-brain barrier: An overview.

In this paper, the thermodynamic properties of binary mixtures of the surfactants hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HA)–sodium deoxycholate (DC) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DA)–sodium deoxycholate (DC) in an aqueous NaCl solution (0.3 mol kg–1) in the temperature interval T = 273.1–323.1 K are examined. In binary mixed micelles such as HA–DC and DA–DC, there are synergistic interactions between structurally different micellar building units. The dependence of the molar excess Gibbs free energy of the formation of the binary mixed micellar pseudophase on the micellar molar fractions of the surfactants (gE = f(xi)) is a symmetric function (a first-order Margules function) where the molar excess entropy is not zero, i.e., the strict theory of regular mixtures does not apply. If the phenomenon of enthalpy–entropy compensation is valid for each partial thermodynamic process during the formation of a binary mixed micellar pseudophase (at a constant temperature) and there is an interval of surfactant mole fraction from the initial binary mixture, where each ratio between the enthalpy of a certain partial thermodynamic process and the RST enthalpy is constant, then the function gE = f(xi) is a symmetric function. Both of the investigated binary micellar pseudophases in the solubilization of daidzein (D) exhibit synergistic solubilization in relation to the micellar solubilization of D with a system of monocomponent surfactants. The molar excess Gibbs free energies of D micellar solubilization with the mixed micelles HA–DC and DA–DC are negative, which means that binary mixed micellar pseudophases with the solubilizate D are more thermodynamically stable than systems with monocomponent micellar pseudophases containing solubilizate D. 

Binary Mixed Micelles of Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide–Sodium Deoxycholate and Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide–Sodium Deoxycholate: Thermodynamic Stabilization and Mixed Micelle Solubilization Capacity of Daidzein (Isoflavonoid)

The development of fluorine-free foaming extinguishing agent, abbreviation FFEA, has become an urgent scientific challenge in the field of fire protection engineering due to the fact that the key component of existing aqueous film-forming foams is listed as a persistent organic pollutant. A study was conducted on foam performance and fire extinguishing efficiency of FFEA prepared by hydrocarbon and silicone surfactants with low-carbon alcohol modulation, using three selected silicone surfactants. The results show that the FFEA, including low-carbon alcohol-modulated Silok8141/SDS and Silok8008/SDS, exhibit low surface tension, good foam stabilization coefficient and long foam drainage time. Laboratory foam extinguishing experiments demonstrate that the FFEA produced by Silok8141/SDS/Isobutanol ternary system has better cooling effect and fire extinguishing performance. And the study of FFEA mechanism reveals that the addition of isobutanol blocks the foam liquid channel and increases the foam stability. The wide applicability of the design route for FFEA prepared by low-carbon alcohol-regulated hydrocarbon and silicone surfactants has been demonstrated. 

Fluorine-free foaming extinguishing agent: Design route, fire extinguishing performance, foam stability mechanism

Synergistic and antagonistic effects in micellization of mixed surfactants

Micellization pattern of cationic surfactants in presence of Azodye in methanol mixed media

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Synergistic and antagonistic effects in micellization of mixed surfactants

Micellization pattern of cationic surfactants in presence of Azodye in methanol mixed media