Bacterial vaginosis, candidal, trichomonal and Gonococcal vaginal infections are a major health problems associated with gynecologic complications and increase in replication, shedding and transmission of HIV and other STIs in women of reproductive age The study aimed at determining the prevalence of common vaginal infections and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of aerobic bacterial isolates in women of reproductive age, attending Felegehiwot referral Hospital

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Common causes of vaginal infections and antibiotic susceptibility of aerobic bacterial isolates in women of reproductive age attending at Felegehiwot referral Hospital, Ethiopia: a cross sectional study

BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infection (STI) is a majorglobal cause of acute illness, infertility, long-term disability anddeath, with serious medical and psychological consequences tomillions of men, women and infants. Moreover, in Ethiopia,epidemiological studies on STI among STI clinic clients arelimited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine theprevalence and associated risk factors of sexually transmittedinfection (STI).METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted between Apriland August 2014 among STI clinic clients in Gondar Townhospitals and health centers. One hundred twenty studyparticipants who fulfill the criteria were included. Differentlaboratory methods and techniques were applied to identify thepossible microorganisms. Data were entered and analyzed usingSPSS version 20. Logistic regression was used to determine riskfactors for STI and P values < 0.05 was considered statisticallysignificant.RESULTS: The overall laboratory test confirmed that STIsprevalence was 74.1% with 32.5% being Candida spp., 30% T.palladium, 20.8% N. gonorrhoeae and 14.2% T. vaginalis. Two ormore organisms were isolated in 20% of the study subjects. Riskfactors for STI hadknowledge about STI and alcoholconsumption.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of N. gonorrhoeae, T. pallidum,T. vaginalis, and Candida spp. in the study area was high. It needshealth education programs, promotes condom utilization and morecomprehensive community based STI studies.

/pdf/prevalence-of-selected-sexually-transmitted-infection-sti-2r5hnjhrii.pdf

Prevalence of Selected Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) and Associated Factors among Symptomatic Patients Attending Gondar Town Hospitals and Health Centers

Ozet Amac: Trichomonas vaginalis trikomoniazisin etkeni olan anaerobik flajellali protozoan bir parazittir. Amacimiz, Temmuz 2007 -Mayis 2008 araliginda Kerkuk hastanelerine basvuran vajinal akintili kadinlarla eslerinde Trichomonas vaginalis ve diger mikroorganizmalarin sikligini arastirmaktir. Materyal ve Metod: Vajinal ve servikal suruntu ve idrar ornekleri uzerinde laboratuar incelemeleri yapildi, uygun ortamda suruntu ve idrar kulturleri ve kan orneklerinde serolojik testler yapildi. Bulgular: Vajinal akintili kadinlarda T. vaginalis orani %2.8 iken, eslik eden mikroorganizmalar %8.0 Candida albicans ve %0.8 Neisseria gonorrhoea olmustur. T. vaginalis and C. albicans'in mikst enfeksiyon orani %1.6, T. vaginalis ve Escherichia coli koenfeksiyon orani %1.6, Staphylococcus aureus ile % 0.8, proteus ile %0.4 olarak bulunmustur. Vajinal suruntudeki enyaygin patojen mikroorganizma %l2.4 Staph. Aureus, ardindan %11.6 E. coli ve %8.0 C. albicans olmustur. Idrar orneklerindeki patojen ajan orani daha dusuk bulunmustur. Uretral suruntude N. gonorrhea orani %35.0, E. coli orani %.5.0 bulunmus, vajinal suruntu ve idrarda en yuksek enfeksiyon orani 15-29 yas grubunda bulunmustur. Sonuc: Trikomoniazisle ilgili patojen enfeksiyonlar bayanlarda daha sik izlenir, orani 15-29 yas grubunda en yuksektir ve idrarda gonore orani yuksektir.

/pdf/trichomonas-vaginalis-and-associated-microorganisms-in-women-12ey5rrnhj.pdf

Trichomonas Vaginalis and Associated Microorganisms in Women with Vaginal Discharge in Kerkuk-Iraq

Background: Pathological vaginal discharge is a common complaint of women in reproductive age worldwide caused by various agents. The prevalence and etiologic agents vary depending on the population studied. Management of vaginal discharge in low-income countries, typically depend on the syndromic approach, which limits understanding the specific causative agents. We determined the proportion of bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, and trichomoniasis among women with vaginal discharge at a regional referral hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between June and August of 2017 among nonpregnant women at Amana Regional Referral Hospital. Experienced staff performed physical examination to establish a clinical diagnosis, and collection of the high vaginal swab for microscopic examination. Descriptive statistics were performed to assess the characteristics of study participants and the proportion of vaginal infections.
Results: A total of 196 samples were collected, of all, 128 (65.3%) had either bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, or trichomo- niasis. Bacterial vaginosis was the leading infection at 33.2%, followed by candidiasis (19.4%) and trichomoniasis (13.3%). Laboratory confirmed vaginal infection were generally found more in age below 25, unmarried, and those employed or petty business.
Conclusion: The proportion of bacterial vaginosis in women with vaginal discharge was relatively higher than others, and the presence of vaginal infection relate to socio-demographic characteristics. Further advanced studies are needed to understand the potential role of aetiologic agents in causing vaginal infections.
Keywords: Bacterial vaginosis; vaginal discharge; genital infection.

/pdf/bacterial-vaginosis-the-leading-cause-of-genital-discharge-3yra7wbafk.pdf

Bacterial vaginosis, the leading cause of genital discharge among women presenting with vaginal infection in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Background Genital tract infections are posing a series of public health challenges for women in both developed and developing countries. Microbial infections of the vagina can lead to serious medical complications such as preterm labor, amniotic fluid infection, premature rupture of the fetal membranes, and low birth weight of the neonate, leading to high perinatal morbidity and mortality. In Ethiopia, limited information is found on the burden, antimicrobial susceptibility profile and associated factors for aerobic vaginitis. Thus, this study was aimed to determine the burden of AV, antimicrobial susceptibility profile of aerobic bacterial isolates and associated factors among women attending Gondar town health facilities, northwest Ethiopia. Methods A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 214 study participants from February 1 to May 31, 2019. For all consecutive women, demographic variables were collected using a structured questionnaire and two vaginal swabs for each were collected. The diagnosis of AV and BV was based on the composite score of Donders and Nugent criteria, respectively. All bacteria were isolated and characterized by conventional culture techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was performed using the disc diffusion technique. Logistic regression, univariate and multivariate analysis were carried out. A p-value ≤ 0.05 at 95% CI was considered as statistically significant. Results The overall prevalence of vulvovaginitis among women was 50%. The identified aetiologies of vulvovaginitis were bacterial vaginosis (35.5%), candidiasis (23.8%), aerobic vaginitis (22.9%) and trichomoniasis (3.3%). Aerobic bacteria, especially Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli, were predominantly isolated in the vaginal samples. The prevalence of the multidrug resistance rate was 38.98%. The isolated Gram positive bacteria were sensitive to antibiotics like vancomycin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and gentamicin, whereas the Gram negative bacteria isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and meropenem. Conclusion The high burden of bacterial vaginosis and aerobic vaginitis was reported. Therefore, regular screening of women using microbiological diagnosis should be promoted. The common bacteria isolated were Enterococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli. Additionally, antibiotics like vancomycin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, gentamicin, and meropenem were shown to have good action against the majority of bacteria isolates.

/pdf/vulvovaginitis-prevalence-among-women-in-gondar-northwest-4b90g8sm96.pdf

Vulvovaginitis Prevalence Among Women in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: Special Emphasis on Aerobic Vaginitis Causing Bacterial Profile, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern, and Associated Factors.

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Trichomonas Vaginalis and Associated Microorganisms in Women with Vaginal Discharge in Kerkuk-Iraq