In addition to fiber, Corchorus (jute) leaf is also rich in secondary metabolites and is used in folk medicine in jute-producing communities. It has been reported that jute halts progression of and helps manage different chronic diseases like tumors, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Various phytochemical, mineral, and antioxidant potency properties of 30 genotypes belonging to Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius were evaluated in the current study. The results demonstrate that the range of total flavonoids and polyphenols was 3.04 to 13.66 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/g and 5.12 to 7.78 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g DW, respectively. Total tannin and saponin content in both species was 13.08 to 26.95 mg tannic acid (TAE)/g and 34.45 to 114.59 mg tea saponin (TSE)/g DW, respectively, when analyzed for the first time. Moreover, this study sincerely establishes that jute leaf is a great source of mineral elements (magnesium, zinc, and selenium) and could also be a good energy source. The antioxidant properties of samples were examined with three unique strategies, including DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS values of leaf extract ranging from 206.42 to 351.77 μg/ml (IC50), 16.69 to 94.69 mmol Fe (II)/g DW, and 50.27 to 149.90 mmol trolox equivalent (TE)/g DW, respectively. A principle component analysis (PCA) explained 58.52% of the variance, while a hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed to construct five distinct groups based on their secondary compound metabolites content and antioxidant activities. Therefore, this study facilitates selection of the high genotypes that might be used as new materials for developing industrial and medicinal uses in addition to sorting genotypes for future genetic engineering purposes in order to enhance a particular bioactive compound and its natural antioxidants that are beneficial for human health.

/pdf/comparison-of-phytochemical-profile-mineral-content-and-in-4xz03sdzte.pdf

Comparison of Phytochemical Profile, Mineral Content, and In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius Leaf Extracts from Different Populations

Nor Asiah Muhamad Nor1,2, Liza Noordin3, Nor Hidayah Abu Bakar4, Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad1* 1Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. 2Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. 3Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia. 4Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Medical Campus, 20400, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.

/pdf/evaluation-of-antidiabetic-activities-of-etlingera-elatior-33eune66z7.pdf

Evaluation of antidiabetic activities of Etlingera elatior flower aqueous extract in vitro and in vivo

Cork oak (Quercus suber L.) leaf extracts potential use as natural antioxidants in cooked meat

Faloak ( Sterculia quadrifida ) is a medicinal plant used by the people of East Nusa Tenggara to treat lumbago, liver dysfunction and to restore the stamina. The research aims were to determine the qualitative and quantitative content of flavonoids, phenols, and tannins, as well as to examine the antioxidant activity of roots, stem barks, leaves, fruits and seeds extracts of faloak plant. Each organ was extracted with ethanol 70% using the maceration method. The qualitative content of bioactive compounds was determined using the phytochemical screening method. The determination of bioactive compounds concentration was using spectrophotometric methods and antioxidant activity was using the DPPH method. The result of phytochemical screening showed that all of the extracts were exhibit phenols compounds, but the flavonoids and tannins were only found in roots, barks, leaves, and fruits extracts. The quantitative content of total flavonoids of roots, barks, leaves, fruits, and seeds was 48.09; 62.76; 12.56; 11.91 and 1.55 mg/g, while the phenols total content were 82.90; 45.37; 3.43; 29.50 and 2.89 mg/g. Tannins total content were 71.26; 59.64; 10.52; 13.18 and 14.12 mg/g samples respectively. The stem barks and roots extracts showed a very strong antioxidant activity, while leaves, fruits, and seeds extracts belong to the strong category. Â  The potential of faloak as an antioxidant has been widely studied, especially in the stem bark. Studies on the antioxidant activity of roots, leaves, fruits, and seeds can provide new information about the benefits of phaloac plants as a source of natural antioxidants.

/pdf/secondary-metabolites-and-antioxidant-activity-of-ethanolic-3m3bev6m0y.pdf

Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Faloak (Sterculia quadrifida)

Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC., belonging to the Asteraceae family, also known as “ngai camphor,” is one of the traditional herbs used in Thailand for folk medicine and a component in local food and drinks. There was, however, no evidence indicating the presence of beneficial compounds at different leaf ages. Exploring various extraction solvents, we investigated the phenolics, flavonoids in particular quercetin content, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial activity of immature and mature leaf extracts. The dried leaves were macerated in 50% ethanol, 95% ethanol, hexane, or decocted in water. Bioactive substances were analyzed by UV spectrophotometry and HPLC. Analysis of antioxidant capacity was done byDPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and NO scavenging assays. The antibacterial activity of immature leaf extract eluted with 50% ethanol was subsequentially evaluated in vitro. Extraction with 50% ethanol proved optimal, yielding 1.2–1.6-fold and 1.5-fold greater immature and mature leaf extracts than other solvents. More phenolics (1.2-fold), flavonoids (1.1-fold), quercetin content (4.8-fold), and antioxidant activity (1.3-fold) were found in the immature leaf extract. There was a significant positive correlation between antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds. The immature leaf extract eluted with 50% ethanol showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. The immature leaves of B. balsamifera are a rich source of quercetin and phenolics, and 50% ethanol proved optimal for extracting bioactive components from these leaves.

/pdf/phenolics-antioxidant-and-antibacterial-activities-of-21gc6sdj.pdf

Phenolics, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Immature and Mature Blumea balsamifera Leaf Extracts Eluted with Different Solvents

Extraction of Total Phenolics, Flavonoids and Tannins from Paederia foetida L. Leaves and their Relation with Antioxidant Activity

Assessment of Cytotoxic Effects of Aqueous and Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. and C. viscosum Vent. Using Allium Test

Identification and characterization of differentially expressed genes in the rice root following exogenous application of spermidine during salt stress.

Allelopathic effects of aqueous leaf extracts of Clerodendrum inerme Gaertn. and Clerodendrum viscosum Vent. are investigated in Cicer arietinum L. and Lathyrus sativus L. using various parameters related to germination (germination frequency, mean germination time, speed of germination and germination rate index), seedling growth (radical and plumule length) and cytological (mitotic index and aberration frequency) consequences. The germination frequency is unaffected, although the speed of germination is delayed in comparison to controls. The seedling growth, however, is significantly affected and the inhibition is pronounced with an increase in duration of treatment. The crop species, Cicer and Lathyrus show reduced mitotic activity following treatment with Clerodendrum extracts. Among the two Clerodendrum species, C. viscosum exhibits stronger allelopathic and antimitotic effect than C. inerme. Both the Clerodendrum extracts manifest its genotoxic potential in Lathyrus only; while, mitotic aberrations are not observed in Cicer.

/pdf/allelopathic-effects-of-clerodendrum-inerme-gaertn-and-4ddurn7t4r.pdf

Allelopathic effects of clerodendrum inerme gaertn. and clerodendrum viscosum vent. on two crop plants cicer arietinum l. and lathyrus sativus l.

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Extraction of Total Phenolics, Flavonoids and Tannins from Paederia foetida L. Leaves and their Relation with Antioxidant Activity

Assessment of Cytotoxic Effects of Aqueous and Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Clerodendrum inerme (L.) Gaertn. and C. viscosum Vent. Using Allium Test

Identification and characterization of differentially expressed genes in the rice root following exogenous application of spermidine during salt stress.

Allelopathic effects of clerodendrum inerme gaertn. and clerodendrum viscosum vent. on two crop plants cicer arietinum l. and lathyrus sativus l.