The objective of the research was to study the interaction between soil moisture content and animal manure application on the growth of Mendong (Fimbristylis globulosa (Retz.) Kunt). The experiment was conducted in May until September 2016 in Kampung Lembur Sawah, Kamulyan Village, Manonjaya Subdistrict, Tasikmalaya Regency. A pot experiment was performed using a factorial design consisting of two factors and three replicates. The factors were soil moisture content (K) consisting of four levels i.e. k1 (100% field capacity (FC)), k2 (150% FC), k3 (200% FC), and k4 (250% FC); and animal manure application (P) consisting of p1 (cattle manure), p2 (broiler chicken manure), and p3 (sheep manure). The indicators of plant growth, i.e. plant height, number of tiller, fresh weight and dry weight of plant biomass, shoot/root ratio, percentage of  the >75cm-long stems, water consumption, and water use efficiency (WUE) were measured.  The results showed that  there was an interaction effect between the soil moisture content and animal manure application on the number of tiller at 45 days after planting (DAP), the percentage of the >75 cm-long stems, and the water consumption. The sheep manure application at any levels of soil moisture content resulted in better effect on the growth of Mendong, water use efficiency, and quality of stem (the percentage of the >75cm-long stems). The soil moisture content above the field capacity resulted in better effect on the growth of Mendong, indicating that Mendong is more suitable to grow on the land with the soil moisture content above the field capacity or saturated soil during the whole growing period. Keywords: Manure, Mendong, soil moisture content

/pdf/the-effect-of-soil-moisture-content-and-animal-manure-dc7tl6hcmz.pdf

The Effect of Soil Moisture Content and Animal Manure Application on the Growth of Mendong (Fimbristylis globulosa (Retz.) Kunt)

Drought stress is one of the problems encountered in the crops cultivation in coastal sandy soil. Drought stress can occur in crops because of the imbalance of water supply to the water needs of crops. In naturally, the crops will immediately respond when experiencing drought stress. Crop responses to draught stress are influenced by the varieties differently.This study aims to uncover the role of ABA and proline in the mechanisms of shallots adaptation to drought stress in coastal sandy soil. The result showed that: (1) found differences in response relative water content of leaves, ABA and proline content of shoot between tolerant and sensitive varieties to drought stress; (2)The shallots adaptation mechanisms to drought stress is characterized by a decrease in relative water content of leaves that causes an increase in the content of ABA and proline in sensitive varieties but does not occur in tolerant varieties. Keywords: ABA, proline, adaptation mechanism, drought stress, shallot, coastal sand

/pdf/peran-aba-dan-prolina-dalam-mekanisme-adaptasi-tanaman-3h342it66y.pdf

Peran aba dan prolina dalam mekanisme adaptasi tanaman bawang merah terhadap cekaman kekeringan di tanah pasir pantai

Information about physiological characteristic of ganyong plant (Canna 
edulisKer) especially about the effect of water supply in its culture is still limit 
This research aimed to know the effect of water supply variation on its growth, 
proline content and nitrate reductase activity on two intraspecies variations of C 
edulisKer The information about plant physiological characteristic of C edulis
Ker can be used as fundamental on plant breeding effort in order to optimize its 
culture 
The research used Complete Randomized Design with one factor that was 
water supply (A1=100% FC, A2=75% FC, A3=50% FC) with 3 repetition for 
each intraspecies variation Treatment ofwater supply variation was given once a 
day during 3 month Data obtained from each intraspecies variation analyzed with 
variant analyze, and if found a significantdifferent from the treatments of water 
supply variation would be continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test(DMRT) 
at level of 5%, while data obtained from both intraspecies variation analyzed with 
t test to compare the respond of both intraspecies variation on water supply 
variation 
The result of research on each intraspecies of C edulisKer show that water 
supply variation treatment serves effecton plant growth, proline content and 
nitrate reductase activity Variable of leave number, leave area, respiration rate, 
plant height, fresh plant weight and biomass weight are optimum at water supply 
100% FC Proline content and nitrate reductase activity affected by water supply 
variation with the highest accumulation of proline at water supply of 50% FC 
while the highest nitrate reductase activity at water supply of 100% FC Both 
intraspecieses of C edulisKer serve the same respond of plant growth, proline 
content and nitrate reductase activity to the water supply variation 
Keyword: Canna edulis Ker, water supply, plant growth, proline content, nitrate 
reductase activity

VARIASI PERTUMBUHAN, KANDUNGAN PROLIN DAN AKTIVITAS NITRAT REDUKTASE TANAMAN GANYONG (Canna edulisKer.) PADA KETERSEDIAAN AIR YANG BERBEDA

Abstract Global climate change has resulted in environmental stress which has the potential to reduce the production of various agricultural commodities. One of the reasons for the low production of shallot is because cultivated in land with limited water. An effort to minimize the impact of water stress on shallots is to use SiO 2 nanoparticles. This study aims to determine the role of SiO 2 nanoparticles to increase production of shallot under water stress. This research was conducted at the greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture from December 2022 to March 2023, using randomized block design. The first factor is water stress (80%, 60% and 40% field capacity) and the second factor is the concentration SiO 2 nanoparticles (0 g/l, 6 g/l, 12 g/l and 18 g/l). The results showed the water stress treatment had significant effect reduced number of tubers and fresh and dry weight of tubers, the application of SiO 2 nanoparticles had significant effect increased the number of tubers and fresh and dry weight of tubers. Interaction of application SiO 2 nanoparticles and water stress conditions had a significant effect on increased the number of tubers in the combination of 80% field capacity with SiO 2 nanoparticles concentration 12 g/l. 

Foliar application of SiO2 nanoparticles to increase shallot production under water stress as an effort to mitigate climate change

Abstract: Indonesia has a very large number of watersheds and has a very diverse size. Damage to several watersheds in Indonesia has also occurred and often results in catastrophic floods and droughts that threaten people. The presence of the RRI Model with its capabilities will help contribute to watershed management in order to solve water resource problems. The RRI model is a two-dimensional (2D) model capable of simulating runoff, rainfall, and flood inundation simultaneously. The use of this model in Indonesia has reached 13 times which was compiled based on the number of publications on the application of the RRI model. All of these publications have passed peer-reviewed papers from both journals and conference papers. Applications have been made in several places including the Solo watershed, the Upper Citarum watershed, the Batanghari watershed, and the upstream Brantas watershed. Given the increasing number of problematic watersheds in Indonesia, the use of this model has the prospect and relevancy of being carried out in other watersheds. However, until now, researchers have had challenges in building hydrological models because of the constraints on the availability of climatological and hydrological data in the watershed. Therefore, in addition to improving the data measuring infrastructure in the field, remote sensing techniques are also needed in an effort to generate targeted watershed information. In fact, the effort to utilize remote sensing in generating unmeasurable data in the field has been successfully conducted in several studies.Abstrak: Indonesia memliki jumlah DAS yang sangat banyak dan memiliki ukuran yang sangat beragam. Kerusakan beberapa DAS di Indonesia juga telah terjadi dan sering berakibat bencana banjir dan kekeringan yang mengancam penduduk setempat. Kehadiran Model RRI dengan kemampuannya akan membantu berkontribusi dalam memajemen DAS ataupun dalam usaha untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan sumberdaya air. Model RRI adalah suatu model dua dimensi (2D) yang memiliki kemampuan untuk mensimulasikan limpasan curah hujan dan genangan banjir secara simultan. Penggunaan model RRI ini di Indonesia telah mencapai 13 kali, yang tercatat berdasarkan jumlah publikasi yang terkait dengan aplikasi model RRI. Semua publikasi tersebut telah melewati peer-review baik dari jurnal maupun dari konferensi. Aplikasi telah dilakukan dibeberapa tempat termasuk DAS Solo, DAS Citarum, DAS Batanghari, dan DAS Brantas. Mengingat jumlah DAS yang bermasalah di Indonesia semakin meningkat, maka penggunaan model ini memiliki prospek untuk dilakukan di DAS lain. Namun sampai saat ini, para peneliti memiliki tantangan dalam membangun permodelan hidrologi karena terkendala pada ketersediaan data klimatologi dan hidrologi di dalam DAS. Oleh karena itu, selain peningkatan infrastruktur pengukur data dilapangan dan teknik pengindraan jauh juga diperlukan dalam usaha menyediakan informasi DAS yang ditargetkan. Usaha penggunaan teknik pengindraan jauh dalam menyediakan data yang tidak terukur dilapangan telah sukses dan terbukti dilakukan di beberapa studi.

https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/elkawnie/article/download/14577/pdf

The Application and Relevancy of Rainfall-Runoff-Inundation (RRI) Model in Indonesia

Indonesia is often referred to as an agricultural country as most of its population is working in agricultural sectors. Rice is one of the staple foods of the Indonesian people. The issues concerning the global climate change impose a potential threat on Indonesia’s food security as the rice crop is extremely sensitive to climate change. The IPCC has released climate change scenarios as highlighted in Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) that could contribute positively to projecting the possible condition of future rice farming in Indonesia. Therefore, the goal of this research is to examine how far the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios have been implemented in relevant studies relating the rice farming. By 2021, the RCP scenarios in Indonesia at least have been studied and used in 13 relevant publications. The type of scenario used is mostly dominated by RCP8.5 scenario which is accounted used by 11 publications. Basically, the RCP8.5 is a scenario that projects the climate change with minimal efforts in reducing the emissions and expose the failures to tackle the global warming by 2100. Based on the findings of those research, it is possible to assume that the rice farming in Indonesia is going to face enormous challenges, particularly the potential decline in rice productivity. The emergence of those studies that interrelate the rice farming and climate change definitely will provide the initial footsteps to figure out on how to deal with future weather conditions.

/pdf/a-review-of-climate-change-studies-on-paddy-agriculture-in-2gxo0wxk.pdf

A review of climate change studies on paddy agriculture in Indonesia

The morpho-physiological response study of three shallots varieties on the water surface variation level of the trench aims to find plants that are tolerant of water shortages. The study was conducted in the rice fields of Pulosari village, Brebes District, Brebes Regency, Central Java, Indonesia for three months (January to March 2019). The experimental design used was a separate plot design with three replications. The main plot of trench water surface height (T) is T1 = 10 cm, T2 = 20 cm and T3 = 30 cm. The subplots of shallot variety (V) are V1 = Bima, V2 = Yellow and V3 = Sumenep. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance at 5% error level, if there is a real difference found, the study would be followed by the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) level 5%. The results showed that the condition of water shortage was very influential on the morpho-physiological response of three shallots varieties.

Morfo-Physiological Response of Three Shallot Varieties on Water Surface Variation Level

The study aimed to determine the dynamics of soil moisture in various standing water levels and dosages of organic fertilizer. The experiment was arranged in a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) with a 3 × 3 factorial treatment in 3 replicates. The first factor was 3 different water levels, namely 10 cm (T1), 20 cm (T2), and 30 cm (T3). The second factor was 3 levels of dosages of organic fertilizer, namely 0 g pot-1(P1), 35 g pot-1 (P2), and 70 g pot-1 (P3). The highest of soil moisture was obtained in the 10 cm water levels and 70 g organic fertilizer (T1P3) and the lowest in the 30 cm water levels and without organic fertilizer (T3P1). The highest infiltration rate was obtained in the 30 cm water levels and 70 g pot-1 organic fertilizer (T3P3), the 30 cm water levels and 35 g pot-1 organic fertilizer (T3P2), the 20 cm water levels and 70 g pot-1 organic fertilizer (T2P3), and the lowest in the combination of the 10 cm water levels and without organic fertilizer (T1P1). The highest capillary rate was obtained in the combination of the 30 cm water levels and 70 g organic fertilizer (T3P3) and the lowest in the combination of the 30 cm water levels and without organic fertilizer (T3P1).

/pdf/dynamics-of-soil-moisture-under-different-water-levels-and-1bqh1jozb2.pdf

Dynamics of Soil Moisture under Different Water Levels and Various Dosages of Organic Fertilizer

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A review of climate change studies on paddy agriculture in Indonesia

Morfo-Physiological Response of Three Shallot Varieties on Water Surface Variation Level

Dynamics of Soil Moisture under Different Water Levels and Various Dosages of Organic Fertilizer