A combined APT and SANS investigation of α′ phase precipitation in neutron-irradiated model FeCrAl alloys ☆

Form-free size distributions from complementary stereological TEM/SAXS on precipitates in a Mg–Zn alloy

Experimental data on the coarsening of precipitates and dispersoids in aluminium-based matrices are reviewed. Available data are tabulated as K=(r
3−r

 0
 3
 )/t where r
0 is the initial particle radius and r is its value after time t at temperature T, and then plotted as log (KT) against 1/T for consolidation and assessment. The considerable body of data for δ′-A3Li in Li-containing alloys is well represented by K=(K
0/T) exp (−Q/RT) with K
0=(1.3
 −0.5
 +3.0
 ) × 10−13m3Ks−1 and Q=115±4kJ mol−1. The relatively limited data for θ′ and θ″ in Cucontaining alloys are representable by the same relationship with K
0∼4 × 10−8 and — 4 × 10−10 m3 Ks−1, respectively, and Q — 140 kJ mol−1. Available data for coarsening of L12
− Al3(Zr, V) and related phases in Zr-containing alloys and of Al12Fe3Si and related phases in Al-Fe based alloys indicate (i) rates of coarsening at 375 to 475 °C (0.7 to 0.8Tm) five to eight orders of magnitude less than would be expected for δ′, θ′ and θ″ in this temperature range, and (ii) high activation energies of ∼300 and 180 kJ mol−1, respectively.

Coarsening of precipitates and dispersoids in aluminium alloy matrices: a consolidation of the available experimental data

ZrO 2 :Eu 3+ –SiO 2 and ZnO–SiO 2 composites have been synthesized by a sol–gel method by using a specific gelation and drying procedure. In the two cases we were able to produce large and transparent monolithic samples. Microstructural properties of these materials were investigated by thermo-differential and thermo-gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and small angle X-ray scattering. The existence of a miscibility gap in both systems results in the formation of nanocomposites where crystallized zirconia or amorphous zinc oxide nanoparticles are dispersed in a silica glass matrix. These two kinds of nanocomposites are potential high efficiency luminescent materials because the nanoparticles size is easily controlled by the annealing conditions.

From amorphous phase separations to nanostructured materials in sol–gel derived ZrO2:Eu3+/SiO2 and ZnO/SiO2 composites

Small angle X-ray scattering has been used to measure the coarsening kinetics of metastable Al3Li precipitates in a dilute Al Li binary alloy. The results are compared to previous transmission electron microscopy studies of similar alloys. Lifschitz-Slyozov-Wagner coarsening theory was invoked as a means of obtaining the α/Al3Li interfacial energy. However, corrections accounting for effects due to finite volume fractions and limited solubility of Li in the precipitate phase are included. The surface energy was found to be ∼0.005J/m2, significantly less than previously reported. A possible explanation for the discrepancy is discussed.

The surface energy of metastable Al3Li precipitates from coarsening kinetics

Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements are reported for a commercial A1-2 wt% Li alloy solution treated at 520°C and thermally treated for several times at several temperatures. Data have been analysed by means of a method previously reported which, as it incorporates interparticle interference effects, reproduces the scattering intensities of the samples studied. During the thermal treatment the precipitate volume fraction remains constant, while the number density decreases with increasing time at the various temperatures. The scattering observations from the earliest time treatments are consistent with a precipitate-coarsening mechanism in which phase separation is complete and the average particle volume grows linearly with time. The precipitate and matrix concentrations are determined from the analysis of the scattering curves and indicate considerable non-stoichiometry in the precipitate. The interparticle spacing and particle size are scaled in a fixed ratio to one another in the course...

Small-angle scattering from a commercial Al-Li alloy

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Small-angle scattering from a commercial Al-Li alloy